LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - gcore - rasterio.cpp (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: gdal_filtered.info Lines: 2718 2980 91.2 %
Date: 2026-05-21 22:30:52 Functions: 691 731 94.5 %

          Line data    Source code
       1             : /******************************************************************************
       2             :  *
       3             :  * Project:  GDAL Core
       4             :  * Purpose:  Contains default implementation of GDALRasterBand::IRasterIO()
       5             :  *           and supporting functions of broader utility.
       6             :  * Author:   Frank Warmerdam, warmerdam@pobox.com
       7             :  *
       8             :  ******************************************************************************
       9             :  * Copyright (c) 1998, Frank Warmerdam
      10             :  * Copyright (c) 2007-2014, Even Rouault <even dot rouault at spatialys.com>
      11             :  *
      12             :  * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      13             :  ****************************************************************************/
      14             : 
      15             : #include "cpl_port.h"
      16             : #include "gdal.h"
      17             : #include "gdal_priv.h"
      18             : 
      19             : #include <cassert>
      20             : #include <climits>
      21             : #include <cmath>
      22             : #include <cstddef>
      23             : #include <cstdio>
      24             : #include <cstdlib>
      25             : #include <cstring>
      26             : 
      27             : #include <algorithm>
      28             : #include <limits>
      29             : #include <stdexcept>
      30             : #include <type_traits>
      31             : 
      32             : #include "cpl_conv.h"
      33             : #include "cpl_cpu_features.h"
      34             : #include "cpl_error.h"
      35             : #include "cpl_float.h"
      36             : #include "cpl_progress.h"
      37             : #include "cpl_string.h"
      38             : #include "cpl_vsi.h"
      39             : #include "gdal_priv_templates.hpp"
      40             : #include "gdal_vrt.h"
      41             : #include "gdalwarper.h"
      42             : #include "memdataset.h"
      43             : #include "vrtdataset.h"
      44             : 
      45             : #if defined(__x86_64) || defined(_M_X64)
      46             : #include <emmintrin.h>
      47             : #include <immintrin.h>
      48             : #define HAVE_SSE2
      49             : // AVX2 dispatch: compile AVX2 code with target attribute, detect at runtime
      50             : #if (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)) &&                               \
      51             :     defined(HAVE_AVX2_AT_COMPILE_TIME)
      52             : #define HAVE_AVX2_DISPATCH
      53             : #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
      54             : #include <intrin.h>
      55             : #define HAVE_AVX2_DISPATCH
      56             : #endif
      57             : #elif defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
      58             : #include "include_sse2neon.h"
      59             : #define HAVE_SSE2
      60             : #endif
      61             : 
      62             : #ifdef HAVE_SSSE3_AT_COMPILE_TIME
      63             : #include "rasterio_ssse3.h"
      64             : #ifdef __SSSE3__
      65             : #include <tmmintrin.h>
      66             : #endif
      67             : #endif
      68             : 
      69             : #ifdef __SSE4_1__
      70             : #include <smmintrin.h>
      71             : #endif
      72             : 
      73             : #ifdef __GNUC__
      74             : #define CPL_NOINLINE __attribute__((noinline))
      75             : #else
      76             : #define CPL_NOINLINE
      77             : #endif
      78             : 
      79             : static void GDALFastCopyByte(const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
      80             :                              int nSrcPixelStride, GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
      81             :                              int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount);
      82             : 
      83             : /************************************************************************/
      84             : /*                     DownsamplingIntegerXFactor()                     */
      85             : /************************************************************************/
      86             : 
      87             : template <bool bSameDataType, int DATA_TYPE_SIZE>
      88      695850 : static bool DownsamplingIntegerXFactor(
      89             :     GDALRasterBand *poBand, int iSrcX, int nSrcXInc, GPtrDiff_t iSrcOffsetCst,
      90             :     GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDstData, int nPixelSpace, int nBufXSize,
      91             :     GDALDataType eDataType, GDALDataType eBufType, int &nStartBlockX,
      92             :     int nBlockXSize, GDALRasterBlock *&poBlock, int nLBlockY)
      93             : {
      94      695850 :     const int nBandDataSize =
      95             :         bSameDataType ? DATA_TYPE_SIZE : GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eDataType);
      96      695850 :     int nOuterLoopIters = nBufXSize - 1;
      97      695850 :     const int nIncSrcOffset = nSrcXInc * nBandDataSize;
      98             :     const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabySrcData;
      99      695850 :     int nEndBlockX = nBlockXSize + nStartBlockX;
     100             : 
     101      695850 :     if (iSrcX < nEndBlockX)
     102             :     {
     103      295062 :         CPLAssert(poBlock);
     104      295062 :         goto no_reload_block;
     105             :     }
     106      400788 :     goto reload_block;
     107             : 
     108             :     // Don't do the last iteration in the loop, as iSrcX might go beyond
     109             :     // nRasterXSize - 1
     110     1265113 :     while (--nOuterLoopIters >= 1)
     111             :     {
     112      201834 :         iSrcX += nSrcXInc;
     113      201834 :         pabySrcData += nIncSrcOffset;
     114      201834 :         pabyDstData += nPixelSpace;
     115             : 
     116             :         /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     117             :          */
     118             :         /*      Ensure we have the appropriate block loaded. */
     119             :         /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     120             :          */
     121      201834 :         if (iSrcX >= nEndBlockX)
     122             :         {
     123      201834 :         reload_block:
     124             :         {
     125      615212 :             const int nLBlockX = iSrcX / nBlockXSize;
     126      615212 :             nStartBlockX = nLBlockX * nBlockXSize;
     127      615212 :             nEndBlockX = nStartBlockX + nBlockXSize;
     128             : 
     129      615212 :             if (poBlock != nullptr)
     130      341376 :                 poBlock->DropLock();
     131             : 
     132      615212 :             poBlock = poBand->GetLockedBlockRef(nLBlockX, nLBlockY, FALSE);
     133      615212 :             if (poBlock == nullptr)
     134             :             {
     135           1 :                 return false;
     136             :             }
     137             :         }
     138             : 
     139      615211 :         no_reload_block:
     140             :             const GByte *pabySrcBlock =
     141     1265113 :                 static_cast<const GByte *>(poBlock->GetDataRef());
     142     1265113 :             GPtrDiff_t iSrcOffset =
     143     1265113 :                 (iSrcX - nStartBlockX + iSrcOffsetCst) * nBandDataSize;
     144     1265113 :             pabySrcData = pabySrcBlock + iSrcOffset;
     145             :         }
     146             : 
     147             :         /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     148             :          */
     149             :         /*      Copy the maximum run of pixels. */
     150             :         /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     151             :          */
     152             : 
     153     1265113 :         const int nIters = std::min(
     154     1265113 :             (nEndBlockX - iSrcX + (nSrcXInc - 1)) / nSrcXInc, nOuterLoopIters);
     155             :         if (bSameDataType)
     156             :         {
     157     1264670 :             memcpy(pabyDstData, pabySrcData, nBandDataSize);
     158     1264670 :             if (nIters > 1)
     159             :             {
     160             :                 if (DATA_TYPE_SIZE == 1)
     161             :                 {
     162      326320 :                     pabySrcData += nIncSrcOffset;
     163      326320 :                     pabyDstData += nPixelSpace;
     164      326320 :                     GDALFastCopyByte(pabySrcData, nIncSrcOffset, pabyDstData,
     165      326320 :                                      nPixelSpace, nIters - 1);
     166      326320 :                     pabySrcData +=
     167      326320 :                         static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nIncSrcOffset) * (nIters - 2);
     168      326320 :                     pabyDstData +=
     169      326320 :                         static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nPixelSpace) * (nIters - 2);
     170             :                 }
     171             :                 else
     172             :                 {
     173     4395716 :                     for (int i = 0; i < nIters - 1; i++)
     174             :                     {
     175     4197550 :                         pabySrcData += nIncSrcOffset;
     176     4197550 :                         pabyDstData += nPixelSpace;
     177     4197550 :                         memcpy(pabyDstData, pabySrcData, nBandDataSize);
     178             :                     }
     179             :                 }
     180      524490 :                 iSrcX += nSrcXInc * (nIters - 1);
     181      524490 :                 nOuterLoopIters -= nIters - 1;
     182             :             }
     183             :         }
     184             :         else
     185             :         {
     186             :             // Type to type conversion ...
     187         443 :             GDALCopyWords64(pabySrcData, eDataType, nIncSrcOffset, pabyDstData,
     188         443 :                             eBufType, nPixelSpace, std::max(1, nIters));
     189         443 :             if (nIters > 1)
     190             :             {
     191         216 :                 pabySrcData +=
     192         216 :                     static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nIncSrcOffset) * (nIters - 1);
     193         216 :                 pabyDstData +=
     194         216 :                     static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nPixelSpace) * (nIters - 1);
     195         216 :                 iSrcX += nSrcXInc * (nIters - 1);
     196         216 :                 nOuterLoopIters -= nIters - 1;
     197             :             }
     198             :         }
     199             :     }
     200             : 
     201             :     // Deal with last iteration to avoid iSrcX to go beyond nRasterXSize - 1
     202     1063279 :     if (nOuterLoopIters == 0)
     203             :     {
     204      367430 :         const int nRasterXSize = poBand->GetXSize();
     205      367430 :         iSrcX =
     206      734860 :             static_cast<int>(std::min(static_cast<GInt64>(iSrcX) + nSrcXInc,
     207      367430 :                                       static_cast<GInt64>(nRasterXSize - 1)));
     208      367430 :         pabyDstData += nPixelSpace;
     209      367430 :         if (iSrcX < nEndBlockX)
     210             :         {
     211      354840 :             goto no_reload_block;
     212             :         }
     213       12590 :         goto reload_block;
     214             :     }
     215      695849 :     return true;
     216             : }
     217             : 
     218             : template <class A, class B>
     219     2832260 : CPL_NOSANITIZE_UNSIGNED_INT_OVERFLOW inline auto CPLUnsanitizedMul(A a, B b)
     220             : {
     221     2832260 :     return a * b;
     222             : }
     223             : 
     224             : /************************************************************************/
     225             : /*                             IRasterIO()                              */
     226             : /*                                                                      */
     227             : /*      Default internal implementation of RasterIO() ... utilizes      */
     228             : /*      the Block access methods to satisfy the request.  This would    */
     229             : /*      normally only be overridden by formats with overviews.          */
     230             : /************************************************************************/
     231             : 
     232     6193540 : CPLErr GDALRasterBand::IRasterIO(GDALRWFlag eRWFlag, int nXOff, int nYOff,
     233             :                                  int nXSize, int nYSize, void *pData,
     234             :                                  int nBufXSize, int nBufYSize,
     235             :                                  GDALDataType eBufType, GSpacing nPixelSpace,
     236             :                                  GSpacing nLineSpace,
     237             :                                  GDALRasterIOExtraArg *psExtraArg)
     238             : 
     239             : {
     240     6193540 :     if (eRWFlag == GF_Write && eFlushBlockErr != CE_None)
     241             :     {
     242           0 :         CPLError(eFlushBlockErr, CPLE_AppDefined,
     243             :                  "An error occurred while writing a dirty block "
     244             :                  "from GDALRasterBand::IRasterIO");
     245           0 :         CPLErr eErr = eFlushBlockErr;
     246           0 :         eFlushBlockErr = CE_None;
     247           0 :         return eErr;
     248             :     }
     249     6193540 :     if (nBlockXSize <= 0 || nBlockYSize <= 0)
     250             :     {
     251           0 :         CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined, "Invalid block size");
     252           0 :         return CE_Failure;
     253             :     }
     254             : 
     255     6193540 :     const int nBandDataSize = GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eDataType);
     256     6193540 :     const int nBufDataSize = GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eBufType);
     257     6193540 :     GByte dummyBlock[2] = {0, 0};
     258     6193540 :     GByte *pabySrcBlock =
     259             :         dummyBlock; /* to avoid Coverity warning about nullptr dereference */
     260     6193540 :     GDALRasterBlock *poBlock = nullptr;
     261     6193540 :     const bool bUseIntegerRequestCoords =
     262     6560100 :         (!psExtraArg->bFloatingPointWindowValidity ||
     263      366561 :          (nXOff == psExtraArg->dfXOff && nYOff == psExtraArg->dfYOff &&
     264      341629 :           nXSize == psExtraArg->dfXSize && nYSize == psExtraArg->dfYSize));
     265             : 
     266             :     /* ==================================================================== */
     267             :     /*      A common case is the data requested with the destination        */
     268             :     /*      is packed, and the block width is the raster width.             */
     269             :     /* ==================================================================== */
     270     6100190 :     if (nPixelSpace == nBufDataSize && nLineSpace == nPixelSpace * nXSize &&
     271     3239250 :         nBlockXSize == GetXSize() && nBufXSize == nXSize &&
     272    12293700 :         nBufYSize == nYSize && bUseIntegerRequestCoords)
     273             :     {
     274     3098300 :         CPLErr eErr = CE_None;
     275     3098300 :         int nLBlockY = -1;
     276             : 
     277     9801160 :         for (int iBufYOff = 0; iBufYOff < nBufYSize; iBufYOff++)
     278             :         {
     279     6703950 :             const int iSrcY = iBufYOff + nYOff;
     280             : 
     281     6703950 :             if (iSrcY < nLBlockY * nBlockYSize ||
     282     6703950 :                 iSrcY - nBlockYSize >= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize)
     283             :             {
     284     3367630 :                 nLBlockY = iSrcY / nBlockYSize;
     285     3367630 :                 bool bJustInitialize =
     286      298076 :                     eRWFlag == GF_Write && nXOff == 0 &&
     287     3723670 :                     nXSize == nBlockXSize && nYOff <= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize &&
     288       57965 :                     nYOff + nYSize - nBlockYSize >= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize;
     289             : 
     290             :                 // Is this a partial tile at right and/or bottom edges of
     291             :                 // the raster, and that is going to be completely written?
     292             :                 // If so, do not load it from storage, but zero it so that
     293             :                 // the content outsize of the validity area is initialized.
     294     3367630 :                 bool bMemZeroBuffer = false;
     295      298076 :                 if (eRWFlag == GF_Write && !bJustInitialize && nXOff == 0 &&
     296       25682 :                     nXSize == nBlockXSize && nYOff <= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize &&
     297     3665800 :                     nYOff + nYSize == GetYSize() &&
     298          90 :                     nLBlockY * nBlockYSize > GetYSize() - nBlockYSize)
     299             :                 {
     300          90 :                     bJustInitialize = true;
     301          90 :                     bMemZeroBuffer = true;
     302             :                 }
     303             : 
     304     3367630 :                 if (poBlock)
     305      269338 :                     poBlock->DropLock();
     306             : 
     307     3367630 :                 const GUInt32 nErrorCounter = CPLGetErrorCounter();
     308     3367630 :                 poBlock = GetLockedBlockRef(0, nLBlockY, bJustInitialize);
     309     3367630 :                 if (poBlock == nullptr)
     310             :                 {
     311        1079 :                     if (strstr(CPLGetLastErrorMsg(), "IReadBlock failed") ==
     312             :                         nullptr)
     313             :                     {
     314           0 :                         CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
     315             :                                  "GetBlockRef failed at X block offset %d, "
     316             :                                  "Y block offset %d%s",
     317             :                                  0, nLBlockY,
     318           0 :                                  (nErrorCounter != CPLGetErrorCounter())
     319           0 :                                      ? CPLSPrintf(": %s", CPLGetLastErrorMsg())
     320             :                                      : "");
     321             :                     }
     322        1079 :                     eErr = CE_Failure;
     323        1079 :                     break;
     324             :                 }
     325             : 
     326     3366550 :                 if (eRWFlag == GF_Write)
     327      298076 :                     poBlock->MarkDirty();
     328             : 
     329     3366550 :                 pabySrcBlock = static_cast<GByte *>(poBlock->GetDataRef());
     330     3366550 :                 if (bMemZeroBuffer)
     331             :                 {
     332          90 :                     memset(pabySrcBlock, 0,
     333          90 :                            static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nBandDataSize) *
     334          90 :                                nBlockXSize * nBlockYSize);
     335             :                 }
     336             :             }
     337             : 
     338     6702870 :             const auto nSrcByteOffset =
     339     6702870 :                 (static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iSrcY - nLBlockY * nBlockYSize) *
     340     6702870 :                      nBlockXSize +
     341     6702870 :                  nXOff) *
     342     6702870 :                 nBandDataSize;
     343             : 
     344     6702870 :             if (eDataType == eBufType)
     345             :             {
     346     3038300 :                 if (eRWFlag == GF_Read)
     347     2563580 :                     memcpy(static_cast<GByte *>(pData) +
     348     2563580 :                                static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iBufYOff) * nLineSpace,
     349     2563580 :                            pabySrcBlock + nSrcByteOffset,
     350             :                            static_cast<size_t>(nLineSpace));
     351             :                 else
     352      474723 :                     memcpy(pabySrcBlock + nSrcByteOffset,
     353      474723 :                            static_cast<GByte *>(pData) +
     354      474723 :                                static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iBufYOff) * nLineSpace,
     355             :                            static_cast<size_t>(nLineSpace));
     356             :             }
     357             :             else
     358             :             {
     359             :                 // Type to type conversion.
     360     3664570 :                 if (eRWFlag == GF_Read)
     361     3642270 :                     GDALCopyWords64(
     362     3642270 :                         pabySrcBlock + nSrcByteOffset, eDataType, nBandDataSize,
     363             :                         static_cast<GByte *>(pData) +
     364     3642270 :                             static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iBufYOff) * nLineSpace,
     365             :                         eBufType, static_cast<int>(nPixelSpace), nBufXSize);
     366             :                 else
     367       22299 :                     GDALCopyWords64(static_cast<GByte *>(pData) +
     368       22299 :                                         static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iBufYOff) *
     369             :                                             nLineSpace,
     370             :                                     eBufType, static_cast<int>(nPixelSpace),
     371       22299 :                                     pabySrcBlock + nSrcByteOffset, eDataType,
     372             :                                     nBandDataSize, nBufXSize);
     373             :             }
     374             : 
     375     6790780 :             if (psExtraArg->pfnProgress != nullptr &&
     376       87908 :                 !psExtraArg->pfnProgress(1.0 * (iBufYOff + 1) / nBufYSize, "",
     377             :                                          psExtraArg->pProgressData))
     378             :             {
     379           5 :                 eErr = CE_Failure;
     380           5 :                 break;
     381             :             }
     382             :         }
     383             : 
     384     3098300 :         if (poBlock)
     385     3097220 :             poBlock->DropLock();
     386             : 
     387     3098300 :         return eErr;
     388             :     }
     389             : 
     390             :     /* ==================================================================== */
     391             :     /*      Do we have overviews that would be appropriate to satisfy       */
     392             :     /*      this request?                                                   */
     393             :     /* ==================================================================== */
     394     3095240 :     if ((nBufXSize < nXSize || nBufYSize < nYSize) && GetOverviewCount() > 0 &&
     395             :         eRWFlag == GF_Read)
     396             :     {
     397             :         GDALRasterIOExtraArg sExtraArg;
     398        2967 :         GDALCopyRasterIOExtraArg(&sExtraArg, psExtraArg);
     399             : 
     400             :         const int nOverview =
     401        2967 :             GDALBandGetBestOverviewLevel2(this, nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize,
     402             :                                           nBufXSize, nBufYSize, &sExtraArg);
     403        2967 :         if (nOverview >= 0)
     404             :         {
     405        2892 :             GDALRasterBand *poOverviewBand = GetOverview(nOverview);
     406        2892 :             if (poOverviewBand == nullptr)
     407        2892 :                 return CE_Failure;
     408             : 
     409        2892 :             return poOverviewBand->RasterIO(
     410             :                 eRWFlag, nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize, pData, nBufXSize,
     411        2892 :                 nBufYSize, eBufType, nPixelSpace, nLineSpace, &sExtraArg);
     412             :         }
     413             :     }
     414             : 
     415      902829 :     if (eRWFlag == GF_Read && nBufXSize < nXSize / 100 &&
     416           6 :         nBufYSize < nYSize / 100 && nPixelSpace == nBufDataSize &&
     417     3995180 :         nLineSpace == nPixelSpace * nBufXSize &&
     418           6 :         CPLTestBool(CPLGetConfigOption("GDAL_NO_COSTLY_OVERVIEW", "NO")))
     419             :     {
     420           0 :         memset(pData, 0, static_cast<size_t>(nLineSpace * nBufYSize));
     421           0 :         return CE_None;
     422             :     }
     423             : 
     424             :     /* ==================================================================== */
     425             :     /*      The second case when we don't need subsample data but likely    */
     426             :     /*      need data type conversion.                                      */
     427             :     /* ==================================================================== */
     428     3092350 :     if (  // nPixelSpace == nBufDataSize &&
     429     3092350 :         nXSize == nBufXSize && nYSize == nBufYSize && bUseIntegerRequestCoords)
     430             :     {
     431             : #if DEBUG_VERBOSE
     432             :         printf("IRasterIO(%d,%d,%d,%d) rw=%d case 2\n", /*ok*/
     433             :                nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize, static_cast<int>(eRWFlag));
     434             : #endif
     435             : 
     436             :         /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     437             :          */
     438             :         /*      Loop over buffer computing source locations. */
     439             :         /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     440             :          */
     441             :         // Calculate starting values out of loop
     442     2512900 :         const int nLBlockXStart = nXOff / nBlockXSize;
     443     2512900 :         const int nXSpanEnd = nBufXSize + nXOff;
     444             : 
     445     2512900 :         int iBufYOff = 0;
     446     2512900 :         int iSrcY = nYOff;
     447             :         while (true)
     448             :         {
     449     2553840 :             GPtrDiff_t iBufOffset = static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iBufYOff) *
     450             :                                     static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nLineSpace);
     451     2553840 :             int nLBlockY = iSrcY / nBlockYSize;
     452     2553840 :             int nLBlockX = nLBlockXStart;
     453     2553840 :             int iSrcX = nXOff;
     454     5386020 :             while (iSrcX < nXSpanEnd)
     455             :             {
     456     2832260 :                 int nXSpan = nLBlockX * nBlockXSize;
     457     2832260 :                 if (nXSpan < INT_MAX - nBlockXSize)
     458     2832260 :                     nXSpan += nBlockXSize;
     459             :                 else
     460           0 :                     nXSpan = INT_MAX;
     461     2832260 :                 const int nXRight = nXSpan;
     462     2832260 :                 nXSpan = (nXSpan < nXSpanEnd ? nXSpan : nXSpanEnd) - iSrcX;
     463             : 
     464             :                 const size_t nXSpanSize =
     465     2832260 :                     CPLUnsanitizedMul(nXSpan, static_cast<size_t>(nPixelSpace));
     466             : 
     467     2832260 :                 bool bJustInitialize =
     468     2043060 :                     eRWFlag == GF_Write && nYOff <= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize &&
     469       38122 :                     nYOff + nYSize - nBlockYSize >= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize &&
     470     4901720 :                     nXOff <= nLBlockX * nBlockXSize &&
     471       26406 :                     nXOff + nXSize >= nXRight;
     472             : 
     473             :                 // Is this a partial tile at right and/or bottom edges of
     474             :                 // the raster, and that is going to be completely written?
     475             :                 // If so, do not load it from storage, but zero it so that
     476             :                 // the content outsize of the validity area is initialized.
     477     2832260 :                 bool bMemZeroBuffer = false;
     478     2043060 :                 if (eRWFlag == GF_Write && !bJustInitialize &&
     479     2017900 :                     nXOff <= nLBlockX * nBlockXSize &&
     480     2016250 :                     nYOff <= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize &&
     481       12202 :                     (nXOff + nXSize >= nXRight ||
     482             :                      // cppcheck-suppress knownConditionTrueFalse
     483     4878070 :                      (nXOff + nXSize == GetXSize() && nXRight > GetXSize())) &&
     484       12022 :                     (nYOff + nYSize - nBlockYSize >= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize ||
     485       10788 :                      (nYOff + nYSize == GetYSize() &&
     486        1996 :                       nLBlockY * nBlockYSize > GetYSize() - nBlockYSize)))
     487             :                 {
     488        3230 :                     bJustInitialize = true;
     489        3230 :                     bMemZeroBuffer = true;
     490             :                 }
     491             : 
     492             :                 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     493             :                  */
     494             :                 /*      Ensure we have the appropriate block loaded. */
     495             :                 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     496             :                  */
     497     2832260 :                 const GUInt32 nErrorCounter = CPLGetErrorCounter();
     498     2832260 :                 poBlock =
     499     2832260 :                     GetLockedBlockRef(nLBlockX, nLBlockY, bJustInitialize);
     500     2832260 :                 if (!poBlock)
     501             :                 {
     502          73 :                     if (strstr(CPLGetLastErrorMsg(), "IReadBlock failed") ==
     503             :                         nullptr)
     504             :                     {
     505           0 :                         CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
     506             :                                  "GetBlockRef failed at X block offset %d, "
     507             :                                  "Y block offset %d%s",
     508             :                                  nLBlockX, nLBlockY,
     509           0 :                                  (nErrorCounter != CPLGetErrorCounter())
     510           0 :                                      ? CPLSPrintf(": %s", CPLGetLastErrorMsg())
     511             :                                      : "");
     512             :                     }
     513          73 :                     return (CE_Failure);
     514             :                 }
     515             : 
     516     2832180 :                 if (eRWFlag == GF_Write)
     517     2043060 :                     poBlock->MarkDirty();
     518             : 
     519     2832180 :                 pabySrcBlock = static_cast<GByte *>(poBlock->GetDataRef());
     520     2832180 :                 if (bMemZeroBuffer)
     521             :                 {
     522        3230 :                     memset(pabySrcBlock, 0,
     523        3230 :                            static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nBandDataSize) *
     524        3230 :                                nBlockXSize * nBlockYSize);
     525             :                 }
     526             :                 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     527             :                  */
     528             :                 /*      Copy over this chunk of data. */
     529             :                 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     530             :                  */
     531     2832180 :                 GPtrDiff_t iSrcOffset =
     532     2832180 :                     (static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iSrcX) -
     533     2832180 :                      static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nLBlockX * nBlockXSize) +
     534     2832180 :                      (static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iSrcY) -
     535     2832180 :                       static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nLBlockY) * nBlockYSize) *
     536     2832180 :                          nBlockXSize) *
     537     2832180 :                     nBandDataSize;
     538             :                 // Fill up as many rows as possible for the loaded block.
     539     5664360 :                 const int kmax = std::min(nBlockYSize - (iSrcY % nBlockYSize),
     540     2832180 :                                           nBufYSize - iBufYOff);
     541    61147400 :                 for (int k = 0; k < kmax; k++)
     542             :                 {
     543    58315200 :                     if (eDataType == eBufType && nPixelSpace == nBufDataSize)
     544             :                     {
     545    53913400 :                         if (eRWFlag == GF_Read)
     546    49463600 :                             memcpy(static_cast<GByte *>(pData) + iBufOffset +
     547    49463600 :                                        static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(k) * nLineSpace,
     548    49463600 :                                    pabySrcBlock + iSrcOffset, nXSpanSize);
     549             :                         else
     550     4449710 :                             memcpy(pabySrcBlock + iSrcOffset,
     551     4449710 :                                    static_cast<GByte *>(pData) + iBufOffset +
     552     4449710 :                                        static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(k) * nLineSpace,
     553             :                                    nXSpanSize);
     554             :                     }
     555             :                     else
     556             :                     {
     557             :                         /* type to type conversion */
     558     4401890 :                         if (eRWFlag == GF_Read)
     559     4251680 :                             GDALCopyWords64(
     560     4251680 :                                 pabySrcBlock + iSrcOffset, eDataType,
     561             :                                 nBandDataSize,
     562     4251680 :                                 static_cast<GByte *>(pData) + iBufOffset +
     563     4251680 :                                     static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(k) * nLineSpace,
     564             :                                 eBufType, static_cast<int>(nPixelSpace),
     565             :                                 nXSpan);
     566             :                         else
     567      150209 :                             GDALCopyWords64(
     568      150209 :                                 static_cast<GByte *>(pData) + iBufOffset +
     569      150209 :                                     static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(k) * nLineSpace,
     570             :                                 eBufType, static_cast<int>(nPixelSpace),
     571      150209 :                                 pabySrcBlock + iSrcOffset, eDataType,
     572             :                                 nBandDataSize, nXSpan);
     573             :                     }
     574             : 
     575    58315200 :                     iSrcOffset +=
     576    58315200 :                         static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nBlockXSize) * nBandDataSize;
     577             :                 }
     578             : 
     579             :                 iBufOffset =
     580     2832180 :                     CPLUnsanitizedAdd<GPtrDiff_t>(iBufOffset, nXSpanSize);
     581     2832180 :                 nLBlockX++;
     582     2832180 :                 iSrcX += nXSpan;
     583             : 
     584     2832180 :                 poBlock->DropLock();
     585     2832180 :                 poBlock = nullptr;
     586             :             }
     587             : 
     588             :             /* Compute the increment to go on a block boundary */
     589     2553770 :             const int nYInc = nBlockYSize - (iSrcY % nBlockYSize);
     590             : 
     591     2555650 :             if (psExtraArg->pfnProgress != nullptr &&
     592        1884 :                 !psExtraArg->pfnProgress(
     593     2555650 :                     1.0 * std::min(nBufYSize, iBufYOff + nYInc) / nBufYSize, "",
     594             :                     psExtraArg->pProgressData))
     595             :             {
     596           0 :                 return CE_Failure;
     597             :             }
     598             : 
     599     2553770 :             iBufYOff += nYInc;
     600     2553770 :             if (iBufYOff >= nBufYSize)
     601     2512820 :                 break;
     602             :             // Only increment iSrcY after above loop end check, to avoid
     603             :             // potential int overflow.
     604       40944 :             iSrcY += nYInc;
     605       40944 :         }
     606             : 
     607     2512820 :         return CE_None;
     608             :     }
     609             : 
     610             :     /* ==================================================================== */
     611             :     /*      Loop reading required source blocks to satisfy output           */
     612             :     /*      request.  This is the most general implementation.              */
     613             :     /* ==================================================================== */
     614             : 
     615      579452 :     double dfXOff = nXOff;
     616      579452 :     double dfYOff = nYOff;
     617      579452 :     double dfXSize = nXSize;
     618      579452 :     double dfYSize = nYSize;
     619      579452 :     if (psExtraArg->bFloatingPointWindowValidity)
     620             :     {
     621      244495 :         dfXOff = psExtraArg->dfXOff;
     622      244495 :         dfYOff = psExtraArg->dfYOff;
     623      244495 :         dfXSize = psExtraArg->dfXSize;
     624      244495 :         dfYSize = psExtraArg->dfYSize;
     625             :     }
     626             : 
     627             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
     628             :     /*      Compute stepping increment.                                     */
     629             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
     630      579452 :     const double dfSrcXInc = dfXSize / static_cast<double>(nBufXSize);
     631      579452 :     const double dfSrcYInc = dfYSize / static_cast<double>(nBufYSize);
     632      579452 :     CPLErr eErr = CE_None;
     633             : 
     634      579452 :     if (eRWFlag == GF_Write)
     635             :     {
     636             :         /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     637             :          */
     638             :         /*    Write case */
     639             :         /*    Loop over raster window computing source locations in the buffer.
     640             :          */
     641             :         /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     642             :          */
     643      166655 :         GByte *pabyDstBlock = nullptr;
     644      166655 :         int nLBlockX = -1;
     645      166655 :         int nLBlockY = -1;
     646             : 
     647     1260010 :         for (int iDstY = nYOff; iDstY < nYOff + nYSize; iDstY++)
     648             :         {
     649     1093360 :             const int iBufYOff = static_cast<int>((iDstY - nYOff) / dfSrcYInc);
     650             : 
     651    12384200 :             for (int iDstX = nXOff; iDstX < nXOff + nXSize; iDstX++)
     652             :             {
     653    11290800 :                 const int iBufXOff =
     654    11290800 :                     static_cast<int>((iDstX - nXOff) / dfSrcXInc);
     655    11290800 :                 GPtrDiff_t iBufOffset =
     656    11290800 :                     static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iBufYOff) *
     657             :                         static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nLineSpace) +
     658    11290800 :                     iBufXOff * static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nPixelSpace);
     659             : 
     660             :                 // FIXME: this code likely doesn't work if the dirty block gets
     661             :                 // flushed to disk before being completely written.
     662             :                 // In the meantime, bJustInitialize should probably be set to
     663             :                 // FALSE even if it is not ideal performance wise, and for
     664             :                 // lossy compression.
     665             : 
     666             :                 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     667             :                  */
     668             :                 /*      Ensure we have the appropriate block loaded. */
     669             :                 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     670             :                  */
     671    11290800 :                 if (iDstX < nLBlockX * nBlockXSize ||
     672    11041500 :                     iDstX - nBlockXSize >= nLBlockX * nBlockXSize ||
     673    10584800 :                     iDstY < nLBlockY * nBlockYSize ||
     674    10584800 :                     iDstY - nBlockYSize >= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize)
     675             :                 {
     676      738702 :                     nLBlockX = iDstX / nBlockXSize;
     677      738702 :                     nLBlockY = iDstY / nBlockYSize;
     678             : 
     679      738702 :                     const bool bJustInitialize =
     680     1065990 :                         nYOff <= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize &&
     681      327291 :                         nYOff + nYSize - nBlockYSize >=
     682      327291 :                             nLBlockY * nBlockYSize &&
     683     1116320 :                         nXOff <= nLBlockX * nBlockXSize &&
     684       50325 :                         nXOff + nXSize - nBlockXSize >= nLBlockX * nBlockXSize;
     685             :                     /*bool bMemZeroBuffer = FALSE;
     686             :                     if( !bJustInitialize &&
     687             :                         nXOff <= nLBlockX * nBlockXSize &&
     688             :                         nYOff <= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize &&
     689             :                         (nXOff + nXSize >= (nLBlockX+1) * nBlockXSize ||
     690             :                          (nXOff + nXSize == GetXSize() &&
     691             :                          (nLBlockX+1) * nBlockXSize > GetXSize())) &&
     692             :                         (nYOff + nYSize >= (nLBlockY+1) * nBlockYSize ||
     693             :                          (nYOff + nYSize == GetYSize() &&
     694             :                          (nLBlockY+1) * nBlockYSize > GetYSize())) )
     695             :                     {
     696             :                         bJustInitialize = TRUE;
     697             :                         bMemZeroBuffer = TRUE;
     698             :                     }*/
     699      738702 :                     if (poBlock != nullptr)
     700      572047 :                         poBlock->DropLock();
     701             : 
     702      738702 :                     poBlock =
     703      738702 :                         GetLockedBlockRef(nLBlockX, nLBlockY, bJustInitialize);
     704      738702 :                     if (poBlock == nullptr)
     705             :                     {
     706           0 :                         return (CE_Failure);
     707             :                     }
     708             : 
     709      738702 :                     poBlock->MarkDirty();
     710             : 
     711      738702 :                     pabyDstBlock = static_cast<GByte *>(poBlock->GetDataRef());
     712             :                     /*if( bMemZeroBuffer )
     713             :                     {
     714             :                         memset(pabyDstBlock, 0,
     715             :                             static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nBandDataSize) * nBlockXSize
     716             :                     * nBlockYSize);
     717             :                     }*/
     718             :                 }
     719             : 
     720             :                 // To make Coverity happy. Should not happen by design.
     721    11290800 :                 if (pabyDstBlock == nullptr)
     722             :                 {
     723           0 :                     CPLAssert(false);
     724             :                     eErr = CE_Failure;
     725             :                     break;
     726             :                 }
     727             : 
     728             :                 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     729             :                  */
     730             :                 /*      Copy over this pixel of data. */
     731             :                 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     732             :                  */
     733    11290800 :                 GPtrDiff_t iDstOffset =
     734    11290800 :                     (static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iDstX) -
     735    11290800 :                      static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nLBlockX) * nBlockXSize +
     736    11290800 :                      (static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iDstY) -
     737    11290800 :                       static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nLBlockY) * nBlockYSize) *
     738    11290800 :                          nBlockXSize) *
     739    11290800 :                     nBandDataSize;
     740             : 
     741    11290800 :                 if (eDataType == eBufType)
     742             :                 {
     743    11287700 :                     memcpy(pabyDstBlock + iDstOffset,
     744    11287700 :                            static_cast<GByte *>(pData) + iBufOffset,
     745             :                            nBandDataSize);
     746             :                 }
     747             :                 else
     748             :                 {
     749             :                     /* type to type conversion ... ouch, this is expensive way
     750             :                     of handling single words */
     751        3096 :                     GDALCopyWords64(static_cast<GByte *>(pData) + iBufOffset,
     752        3096 :                                     eBufType, 0, pabyDstBlock + iDstOffset,
     753             :                                     eDataType, 0, 1);
     754             :                 }
     755             :             }
     756             : 
     757     1093360 :             if (psExtraArg->pfnProgress != nullptr &&
     758           0 :                 !psExtraArg->pfnProgress(1.0 * (iDstY - nYOff + 1) / nYSize, "",
     759             :                                          psExtraArg->pProgressData))
     760             :             {
     761           0 :                 eErr = CE_Failure;
     762           0 :                 break;
     763             :             }
     764             :         }
     765             :     }
     766             :     else
     767             :     {
     768      412797 :         if (psExtraArg->eResampleAlg != GRIORA_NearestNeighbour)
     769             :         {
     770       46692 :             if ((psExtraArg->eResampleAlg == GRIORA_Cubic ||
     771       15098 :                  psExtraArg->eResampleAlg == GRIORA_CubicSpline ||
     772       15045 :                  psExtraArg->eResampleAlg == GRIORA_Bilinear ||
     773       31641 :                  psExtraArg->eResampleAlg == GRIORA_Lanczos) &&
     774        4763 :                 GetColorTable() != nullptr)
     775             :             {
     776           0 :                 CPLError(CE_Warning, CPLE_NotSupported,
     777             :                          "Resampling method not supported on paletted band. "
     778             :                          "Falling back to nearest neighbour");
     779             :             }
     780       15800 :             else if (psExtraArg->eResampleAlg == GRIORA_Gauss &&
     781           3 :                      GDALDataTypeIsComplex(eDataType))
     782             :             {
     783           0 :                 CPLError(CE_Warning, CPLE_NotSupported,
     784             :                          "Resampling method not supported on complex data type "
     785             :                          "band. Falling back to nearest neighbour");
     786             :             }
     787             :             else
     788             :             {
     789       15797 :                 return RasterIOResampled(eRWFlag, nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize,
     790             :                                          pData, nBufXSize, nBufYSize, eBufType,
     791       15797 :                                          nPixelSpace, nLineSpace, psExtraArg);
     792             :             }
     793             :         }
     794             : 
     795      397000 :         int nLimitBlockY = 0;
     796      397000 :         const bool bByteCopy = eDataType == eBufType && nBandDataSize == 1;
     797      397000 :         int nStartBlockX = -nBlockXSize;
     798      397000 :         constexpr double EPS = 1e-10;
     799      397000 :         int nLBlockY = -1;
     800      397000 :         const double dfSrcXStart = 0.5 * dfSrcXInc + dfXOff + EPS;
     801      397000 :         const bool bIntegerXFactor =
     802      372767 :             bUseIntegerRequestCoords &&
     803      670836 :             static_cast<int>(dfSrcXInc) == dfSrcXInc &&
     804      273836 :             static_cast<int>(dfSrcXInc) < INT_MAX / nBandDataSize;
     805             : 
     806             :         /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     807             :          */
     808             :         /*      Read case */
     809             :         /*      Loop over buffer computing source locations. */
     810             :         /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     811             :          */
     812     2367100 :         for (int iBufYOff = 0; iBufYOff < nBufYSize; iBufYOff++)
     813             :         {
     814             :             // Add small epsilon to avoid some numeric precision issues.
     815     1970110 :             const double dfSrcY = (iBufYOff + 0.5) * dfSrcYInc + dfYOff + EPS;
     816     1970110 :             const int iSrcY = static_cast<int>(std::min(
     817     1970110 :                 std::max(0.0, dfSrcY), static_cast<double>(nRasterYSize - 1)));
     818             : 
     819     1970110 :             GPtrDiff_t iBufOffset = static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iBufYOff) *
     820             :                                     static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nLineSpace);
     821             : 
     822     1970110 :             if (iSrcY >= nLimitBlockY)
     823             :             {
     824      438018 :                 nLBlockY = iSrcY / nBlockYSize;
     825      438018 :                 nLimitBlockY = nLBlockY * nBlockYSize;
     826      438018 :                 if (nLimitBlockY < INT_MAX - nBlockYSize)
     827      438018 :                     nLimitBlockY += nBlockYSize;
     828             :                 else
     829           0 :                     nLimitBlockY = INT_MAX;
     830             :                 // Make sure a new block is loaded.
     831      438018 :                 nStartBlockX = -nBlockXSize;
     832             :             }
     833     1532090 :             else if (static_cast<int>(dfSrcXStart) < nStartBlockX)
     834             :             {
     835             :                 // Make sure a new block is loaded.
     836      437363 :                 nStartBlockX = -nBlockXSize;
     837             :             }
     838             : 
     839     1970110 :             GPtrDiff_t iSrcOffsetCst = (iSrcY - nLBlockY * nBlockYSize) *
     840     1970110 :                                        static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nBlockXSize);
     841             : 
     842     1970110 :             if (bIntegerXFactor)
     843             :             {
     844      695850 :                 int iSrcX = static_cast<int>(dfSrcXStart);
     845      695850 :                 const int nSrcXInc = static_cast<int>(dfSrcXInc);
     846      695850 :                 GByte *pabyDstData = static_cast<GByte *>(pData) + iBufOffset;
     847      695850 :                 bool bRet = false;
     848      695850 :                 if (bByteCopy)
     849             :                 {
     850      585842 :                     bRet = DownsamplingIntegerXFactor<true, 1>(
     851             :                         this, iSrcX, nSrcXInc, iSrcOffsetCst, pabyDstData,
     852             :                         static_cast<int>(nPixelSpace), nBufXSize, GDT_UInt8,
     853             :                         GDT_UInt8, nStartBlockX, nBlockXSize, poBlock,
     854             :                         nLBlockY);
     855             :                 }
     856      110008 :                 else if (eDataType == eBufType)
     857             :                 {
     858      109783 :                     switch (nBandDataSize)
     859             :                     {
     860      109630 :                         case 2:
     861      109630 :                             bRet = DownsamplingIntegerXFactor<true, 2>(
     862             :                                 this, iSrcX, nSrcXInc, iSrcOffsetCst,
     863             :                                 pabyDstData, static_cast<int>(nPixelSpace),
     864             :                                 nBufXSize, eDataType, eDataType, nStartBlockX,
     865             :                                 nBlockXSize, poBlock, nLBlockY);
     866      109630 :                             break;
     867          55 :                         case 4:
     868          55 :                             bRet = DownsamplingIntegerXFactor<true, 4>(
     869             :                                 this, iSrcX, nSrcXInc, iSrcOffsetCst,
     870             :                                 pabyDstData, static_cast<int>(nPixelSpace),
     871             :                                 nBufXSize, eDataType, eDataType, nStartBlockX,
     872             :                                 nBlockXSize, poBlock, nLBlockY);
     873          55 :                             break;
     874          96 :                         case 8:
     875          96 :                             bRet = DownsamplingIntegerXFactor<true, 8>(
     876             :                                 this, iSrcX, nSrcXInc, iSrcOffsetCst,
     877             :                                 pabyDstData, static_cast<int>(nPixelSpace),
     878             :                                 nBufXSize, eDataType, eDataType, nStartBlockX,
     879             :                                 nBlockXSize, poBlock, nLBlockY);
     880          96 :                             break;
     881           2 :                         case 16:
     882           2 :                             bRet = DownsamplingIntegerXFactor<true, 16>(
     883             :                                 this, iSrcX, nSrcXInc, iSrcOffsetCst,
     884             :                                 pabyDstData, static_cast<int>(nPixelSpace),
     885             :                                 nBufXSize, eDataType, eDataType, nStartBlockX,
     886             :                                 nBlockXSize, poBlock, nLBlockY);
     887           2 :                             break;
     888           0 :                         default:
     889           0 :                             CPLAssert(false);
     890             :                             break;
     891             :                     }
     892             :                 }
     893             :                 else
     894             :                 {
     895         225 :                     bRet = DownsamplingIntegerXFactor<false, 0>(
     896             :                         this, iSrcX, nSrcXInc, iSrcOffsetCst, pabyDstData,
     897             :                         static_cast<int>(nPixelSpace), nBufXSize, eDataType,
     898             :                         eBufType, nStartBlockX, nBlockXSize, poBlock, nLBlockY);
     899             :                 }
     900      695850 :                 if (!bRet)
     901           1 :                     eErr = CE_Failure;
     902             :             }
     903             :             else
     904             :             {
     905     1274260 :                 double dfSrcX = dfSrcXStart;
     906   503811000 :                 for (int iBufXOff = 0; iBufXOff < nBufXSize;
     907   502537000 :                      iBufXOff++, dfSrcX += dfSrcXInc)
     908             :                 {
     909             :                     // TODO?: try to avoid the clamping for most iterations
     910             :                     const int iSrcX = static_cast<int>(
     911  1005070000 :                         std::min(std::max(0.0, dfSrcX),
     912   502537000 :                                  static_cast<double>(nRasterXSize - 1)));
     913             : 
     914             :                     /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     915             :                      */
     916             :                     /*      Ensure we have the appropriate block loaded. */
     917             :                     /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     918             :                      */
     919   502537000 :                     if (iSrcX >= nBlockXSize + nStartBlockX)
     920             :                     {
     921     1697820 :                         const int nLBlockX = iSrcX / nBlockXSize;
     922     1697820 :                         nStartBlockX = nLBlockX * nBlockXSize;
     923             : 
     924     1697820 :                         if (poBlock != nullptr)
     925     1574650 :                             poBlock->DropLock();
     926             : 
     927     1697820 :                         poBlock = GetLockedBlockRef(nLBlockX, nLBlockY, FALSE);
     928     1697820 :                         if (poBlock == nullptr)
     929             :                         {
     930           9 :                             eErr = CE_Failure;
     931           9 :                             break;
     932             :                         }
     933             : 
     934             :                         pabySrcBlock =
     935     1697810 :                             static_cast<GByte *>(poBlock->GetDataRef());
     936             :                     }
     937   502537000 :                     const GPtrDiff_t nDiffX =
     938   502537000 :                         static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iSrcX - nStartBlockX);
     939             : 
     940             :                     /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     941             :                      */
     942             :                     /*      Copy over this pixel of data. */
     943             :                     /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
     944             :                      */
     945             : 
     946   502537000 :                     if (bByteCopy)
     947             :                     {
     948   442592000 :                         GPtrDiff_t iSrcOffset = nDiffX + iSrcOffsetCst;
     949   442592000 :                         static_cast<GByte *>(pData)[iBufOffset] =
     950   442592000 :                             pabySrcBlock[iSrcOffset];
     951             :                     }
     952    59944700 :                     else if (eDataType == eBufType)
     953             :                     {
     954    50322800 :                         GPtrDiff_t iSrcOffset =
     955    50322800 :                             (nDiffX + iSrcOffsetCst) * nBandDataSize;
     956    50322800 :                         memcpy(static_cast<GByte *>(pData) + iBufOffset,
     957    50322800 :                                pabySrcBlock + iSrcOffset, nBandDataSize);
     958             :                     }
     959             :                     else
     960             :                     {
     961             :                         // Type to type conversion ...
     962     9621890 :                         GPtrDiff_t iSrcOffset =
     963     9621890 :                             (nDiffX + iSrcOffsetCst) * nBandDataSize;
     964     9621890 :                         GDALCopyWords64(pabySrcBlock + iSrcOffset, eDataType, 0,
     965             :                                         static_cast<GByte *>(pData) +
     966     9621890 :                                             iBufOffset,
     967             :                                         eBufType, 0, 1);
     968             :                     }
     969             : 
     970   502537000 :                     iBufOffset += static_cast<int>(nPixelSpace);
     971             :                 }
     972             :             }
     973     1970110 :             if (eErr == CE_Failure)
     974          11 :                 break;
     975             : 
     976     2191530 :             if (psExtraArg->pfnProgress != nullptr &&
     977      221434 :                 !psExtraArg->pfnProgress(1.0 * (iBufYOff + 1) / nBufYSize, "",
     978             :                                          psExtraArg->pProgressData))
     979             :             {
     980           1 :                 eErr = CE_Failure;
     981           1 :                 break;
     982             :             }
     983             :         }
     984             :     }
     985             : 
     986      563655 :     if (poBlock != nullptr)
     987      563645 :         poBlock->DropLock();
     988             : 
     989      563655 :     return eErr;
     990             : }
     991             : 
     992             : /************************************************************************/
     993             : /*                      GDALRasterIOTransformer()                       */
     994             : /************************************************************************/
     995             : 
     996             : struct GDALRasterIOTransformerStruct
     997             : {
     998             :     double dfXOff;
     999             :     double dfYOff;
    1000             :     double dfXRatioDstToSrc;
    1001             :     double dfYRatioDstToSrc;
    1002             : };
    1003             : 
    1004        6897 : static int GDALRasterIOTransformer(void *pTransformerArg, int bDstToSrc,
    1005             :                                    int nPointCount, double *x, double *y,
    1006             :                                    double * /* z */, int *panSuccess)
    1007             : {
    1008        6897 :     GDALRasterIOTransformerStruct *psParams =
    1009             :         static_cast<GDALRasterIOTransformerStruct *>(pTransformerArg);
    1010        6897 :     if (bDstToSrc)
    1011             :     {
    1012      311993 :         for (int i = 0; i < nPointCount; i++)
    1013             :         {
    1014      305684 :             x[i] = x[i] * psParams->dfXRatioDstToSrc + psParams->dfXOff;
    1015      305684 :             y[i] = y[i] * psParams->dfYRatioDstToSrc + psParams->dfYOff;
    1016      305684 :             panSuccess[i] = TRUE;
    1017             :         }
    1018             :     }
    1019             :     else
    1020             :     {
    1021        1176 :         for (int i = 0; i < nPointCount; i++)
    1022             :         {
    1023         588 :             x[i] = (x[i] - psParams->dfXOff) / psParams->dfXRatioDstToSrc;
    1024         588 :             y[i] = (y[i] - psParams->dfYOff) / psParams->dfYRatioDstToSrc;
    1025         588 :             panSuccess[i] = TRUE;
    1026             :         }
    1027             :     }
    1028        6897 :     return TRUE;
    1029             : }
    1030             : 
    1031             : /************************************************************************/
    1032             : /*                         RasterIOResampled()                          */
    1033             : /************************************************************************/
    1034             : 
    1035             : //! @cond Doxygen_Suppress
    1036       15797 : CPLErr GDALRasterBand::RasterIOResampled(
    1037             :     GDALRWFlag /* eRWFlag */, int nXOff, int nYOff, int nXSize, int nYSize,
    1038             :     void *pData, int nBufXSize, int nBufYSize, GDALDataType eBufType,
    1039             :     GSpacing nPixelSpace, GSpacing nLineSpace, GDALRasterIOExtraArg *psExtraArg)
    1040             : {
    1041             :     // Determine if we use warping resampling or overview resampling
    1042             :     const bool bUseWarp =
    1043       15797 :         (GDALDataTypeIsComplex(eDataType) &&
    1044       15956 :          psExtraArg->eResampleAlg != GRIORA_NearestNeighbour &&
    1045         159 :          psExtraArg->eResampleAlg != GRIORA_Mode);
    1046             : 
    1047       15797 :     double dfXOff = nXOff;
    1048       15797 :     double dfYOff = nYOff;
    1049       15797 :     double dfXSize = nXSize;
    1050       15797 :     double dfYSize = nYSize;
    1051       15797 :     if (psExtraArg->bFloatingPointWindowValidity)
    1052             :     {
    1053       15051 :         dfXOff = psExtraArg->dfXOff;
    1054       15051 :         dfYOff = psExtraArg->dfYOff;
    1055       15051 :         dfXSize = psExtraArg->dfXSize;
    1056       15051 :         dfYSize = psExtraArg->dfYSize;
    1057             :     }
    1058             : 
    1059       15797 :     const double dfXRatioDstToSrc = dfXSize / nBufXSize;
    1060       15797 :     const double dfYRatioDstToSrc = dfYSize / nBufYSize;
    1061             : 
    1062             :     // Determine the coordinates in the "virtual" output raster to see
    1063             :     // if there are not integers, in which case we will use them as a shift
    1064             :     // so that subwindow extracts give the exact same results as entire raster
    1065             :     // scaling.
    1066       15797 :     double dfDestXOff = dfXOff / dfXRatioDstToSrc;
    1067       15797 :     bool bHasXOffVirtual = false;
    1068       15797 :     int nDestXOffVirtual = 0;
    1069       15797 :     if (fabs(dfDestXOff - static_cast<int>(dfDestXOff + 0.5)) < 1e-8)
    1070             :     {
    1071       15469 :         bHasXOffVirtual = true;
    1072       15469 :         dfXOff = nXOff;
    1073       15469 :         nDestXOffVirtual = static_cast<int>(dfDestXOff + 0.5);
    1074             :     }
    1075             : 
    1076       15797 :     double dfDestYOff = dfYOff / dfYRatioDstToSrc;
    1077       15797 :     bool bHasYOffVirtual = false;
    1078       15797 :     int nDestYOffVirtual = 0;
    1079       15797 :     if (fabs(dfDestYOff - static_cast<int>(dfDestYOff + 0.5)) < 1e-8)
    1080             :     {
    1081       15465 :         bHasYOffVirtual = true;
    1082       15465 :         dfYOff = nYOff;
    1083       15465 :         nDestYOffVirtual = static_cast<int>(dfDestYOff + 0.5);
    1084             :     }
    1085             : 
    1086             :     // Create a MEM dataset that wraps the output buffer.
    1087             :     GDALDataset *poMEMDS;
    1088       15797 :     void *pTempBuffer = nullptr;
    1089       15797 :     GSpacing nPSMem = nPixelSpace;
    1090       15797 :     GSpacing nLSMem = nLineSpace;
    1091       15797 :     void *pDataMem = pData;
    1092       15797 :     GDALDataType eDTMem = eBufType;
    1093       15797 :     if (eBufType != eDataType && !GDAL_GET_OPERATE_IN_BUF_TYPE(*psExtraArg))
    1094             :     {
    1095           4 :         nPSMem = GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eDataType);
    1096           4 :         nLSMem = nPSMem * nBufXSize;
    1097             :         pTempBuffer =
    1098           4 :             VSI_MALLOC2_VERBOSE(nBufYSize, static_cast<size_t>(nLSMem));
    1099           4 :         if (pTempBuffer == nullptr)
    1100           0 :             return CE_Failure;
    1101           4 :         pDataMem = pTempBuffer;
    1102           4 :         eDTMem = eDataType;
    1103             :     }
    1104             : 
    1105             :     poMEMDS =
    1106       15797 :         MEMDataset::Create("", nDestXOffVirtual + nBufXSize,
    1107             :                            nDestYOffVirtual + nBufYSize, 0, eDTMem, nullptr);
    1108       15797 :     GByte *pabyData = static_cast<GByte *>(pDataMem) -
    1109       15797 :                       nPSMem * nDestXOffVirtual - nLSMem * nDestYOffVirtual;
    1110       15797 :     GDALRasterBandH hMEMBand = MEMCreateRasterBandEx(
    1111             :         poMEMDS, 1, pabyData, eDTMem, nPSMem, nLSMem, false);
    1112       15797 :     poMEMDS->SetBand(1, GDALRasterBand::FromHandle(hMEMBand));
    1113             : 
    1114       15797 :     const char *pszNBITS = GetMetadataItem("NBITS", "IMAGE_STRUCTURE");
    1115       15797 :     const int nNBITS = pszNBITS ? atoi(pszNBITS) : 0;
    1116       15797 :     if (pszNBITS)
    1117           6 :         GDALRasterBand::FromHandle(hMEMBand)->SetMetadataItem(
    1118           6 :             "NBITS", pszNBITS, "IMAGE_STRUCTURE");
    1119             : 
    1120       15797 :     CPLErr eErr = CE_None;
    1121             : 
    1122             :     // Do the resampling.
    1123       15797 :     if (bUseWarp)
    1124             :     {
    1125         149 :         int bHasNoData = FALSE;
    1126         149 :         double dfNoDataValue = GetNoDataValue(&bHasNoData);
    1127             : 
    1128         149 :         VRTDatasetH hVRTDS = nullptr;
    1129         149 :         GDALRasterBandH hVRTBand = nullptr;
    1130         149 :         if (GetDataset() == nullptr)
    1131             :         {
    1132             :             /* Create VRT dataset that wraps the whole dataset */
    1133           0 :             hVRTDS = VRTCreate(nRasterXSize, nRasterYSize);
    1134           0 :             VRTAddBand(hVRTDS, eDataType, nullptr);
    1135           0 :             hVRTBand = GDALGetRasterBand(hVRTDS, 1);
    1136           0 :             VRTAddSimpleSource(hVRTBand, this, 0, 0, nRasterXSize, nRasterYSize,
    1137             :                                0, 0, nRasterXSize, nRasterYSize, nullptr,
    1138             :                                VRT_NODATA_UNSET);
    1139             : 
    1140             :             /* Add a mask band if needed */
    1141           0 :             if (GetMaskFlags() != GMF_ALL_VALID)
    1142             :             {
    1143           0 :                 GDALDataset::FromHandle(hVRTDS)->CreateMaskBand(0);
    1144             :                 VRTSourcedRasterBand *poVRTMaskBand =
    1145             :                     reinterpret_cast<VRTSourcedRasterBand *>(
    1146             :                         reinterpret_cast<GDALRasterBand *>(hVRTBand)
    1147           0 :                             ->GetMaskBand());
    1148           0 :                 poVRTMaskBand->AddMaskBandSource(this, 0, 0, nRasterXSize,
    1149           0 :                                                  nRasterYSize, 0, 0,
    1150           0 :                                                  nRasterXSize, nRasterYSize);
    1151             :             }
    1152             :         }
    1153             : 
    1154         149 :         GDALWarpOptions *psWarpOptions = GDALCreateWarpOptions();
    1155         149 :         switch (psExtraArg->eResampleAlg)
    1156             :         {
    1157           0 :             case GRIORA_NearestNeighbour:
    1158           0 :                 psWarpOptions->eResampleAlg = GRA_NearestNeighbour;
    1159           0 :                 break;
    1160         147 :             case GRIORA_Bilinear:
    1161         147 :                 psWarpOptions->eResampleAlg = GRA_Bilinear;
    1162         147 :                 break;
    1163           0 :             case GRIORA_Cubic:
    1164           0 :                 psWarpOptions->eResampleAlg = GRA_Cubic;
    1165           0 :                 break;
    1166           0 :             case GRIORA_CubicSpline:
    1167           0 :                 psWarpOptions->eResampleAlg = GRA_CubicSpline;
    1168           0 :                 break;
    1169           0 :             case GRIORA_Lanczos:
    1170           0 :                 psWarpOptions->eResampleAlg = GRA_Lanczos;
    1171           0 :                 break;
    1172           0 :             case GRIORA_Average:
    1173           0 :                 psWarpOptions->eResampleAlg = GRA_Average;
    1174           0 :                 break;
    1175           2 :             case GRIORA_RMS:
    1176           2 :                 psWarpOptions->eResampleAlg = GRA_RMS;
    1177           2 :                 break;
    1178           0 :             case GRIORA_Mode:
    1179           0 :                 psWarpOptions->eResampleAlg = GRA_Mode;
    1180           0 :                 break;
    1181           0 :             default:
    1182           0 :                 CPLAssert(false);
    1183             :                 psWarpOptions->eResampleAlg = GRA_NearestNeighbour;
    1184             :                 break;
    1185             :         }
    1186         149 :         psWarpOptions->hSrcDS = hVRTDS ? hVRTDS : GetDataset();
    1187         149 :         psWarpOptions->hDstDS = poMEMDS;
    1188         149 :         psWarpOptions->nBandCount = 1;
    1189         149 :         int nSrcBandNumber = hVRTDS ? 1 : nBand;
    1190         149 :         int nDstBandNumber = 1;
    1191         149 :         psWarpOptions->panSrcBands = &nSrcBandNumber;
    1192         149 :         psWarpOptions->panDstBands = &nDstBandNumber;
    1193         298 :         psWarpOptions->pfnProgress = psExtraArg->pfnProgress
    1194         149 :                                          ? psExtraArg->pfnProgress
    1195             :                                          : GDALDummyProgress;
    1196         149 :         psWarpOptions->pProgressArg = psExtraArg->pProgressData;
    1197         149 :         psWarpOptions->pfnTransformer = GDALRasterIOTransformer;
    1198         149 :         if (bHasNoData)
    1199             :         {
    1200           0 :             psWarpOptions->papszWarpOptions = CSLSetNameValue(
    1201             :                 psWarpOptions->papszWarpOptions, "INIT_DEST", "NO_DATA");
    1202           0 :             if (psWarpOptions->padfSrcNoDataReal == nullptr)
    1203             :             {
    1204           0 :                 psWarpOptions->padfSrcNoDataReal =
    1205           0 :                     static_cast<double *>(CPLMalloc(sizeof(double)));
    1206           0 :                 psWarpOptions->padfSrcNoDataReal[0] = dfNoDataValue;
    1207             :             }
    1208             : 
    1209           0 :             if (psWarpOptions->padfDstNoDataReal == nullptr)
    1210             :             {
    1211           0 :                 psWarpOptions->padfDstNoDataReal =
    1212           0 :                     static_cast<double *>(CPLMalloc(sizeof(double)));
    1213           0 :                 psWarpOptions->padfDstNoDataReal[0] = dfNoDataValue;
    1214             :             }
    1215             :         }
    1216             : 
    1217             :         GDALRasterIOTransformerStruct sTransformer;
    1218         149 :         sTransformer.dfXOff = bHasXOffVirtual ? 0 : dfXOff;
    1219         149 :         sTransformer.dfYOff = bHasYOffVirtual ? 0 : dfYOff;
    1220         149 :         sTransformer.dfXRatioDstToSrc = dfXRatioDstToSrc;
    1221         149 :         sTransformer.dfYRatioDstToSrc = dfYRatioDstToSrc;
    1222         149 :         psWarpOptions->pTransformerArg = &sTransformer;
    1223             : 
    1224             :         GDALWarpOperationH hWarpOperation =
    1225         149 :             GDALCreateWarpOperation(psWarpOptions);
    1226         149 :         eErr = GDALChunkAndWarpImage(hWarpOperation, nDestXOffVirtual,
    1227             :                                      nDestYOffVirtual, nBufXSize, nBufYSize);
    1228         149 :         GDALDestroyWarpOperation(hWarpOperation);
    1229             : 
    1230         149 :         psWarpOptions->panSrcBands = nullptr;
    1231         149 :         psWarpOptions->panDstBands = nullptr;
    1232         149 :         GDALDestroyWarpOptions(psWarpOptions);
    1233             : 
    1234         149 :         if (hVRTDS)
    1235           0 :             GDALClose(hVRTDS);
    1236             :     }
    1237             :     else
    1238             :     {
    1239             :         const char *pszResampling =
    1240       15648 :             GDALRasterIOGetResampleAlg(psExtraArg->eResampleAlg);
    1241       15648 :         int nKernelRadius = 0;
    1242             :         GDALResampleFunction pfnResampleFunc =
    1243       15648 :             GDALGetResampleFunction(pszResampling, &nKernelRadius);
    1244       15648 :         CPLAssert(pfnResampleFunc);
    1245             :         GDALDataType eWrkDataType =
    1246       15648 :             GDALGetOvrWorkDataType(pszResampling, eDataType);
    1247       15648 :         int nHasNoData = 0;
    1248       15648 :         double dfNoDataValue = GetNoDataValue(&nHasNoData);
    1249       15648 :         const bool bHasNoData = CPL_TO_BOOL(nHasNoData);
    1250       15648 :         if (!bHasNoData)
    1251       15516 :             dfNoDataValue = 0.0;
    1252             : 
    1253       15648 :         int nDstBlockXSize = nBufXSize;
    1254       15648 :         int nDstBlockYSize = nBufYSize;
    1255       15648 :         int nFullResXChunk = 0;
    1256       15648 :         int nFullResYChunk = 0;
    1257             :         while (true)
    1258             :         {
    1259       15659 :             nFullResXChunk = static_cast<int>(std::min<double>(
    1260       15659 :                 3 + nDstBlockXSize * dfXRatioDstToSrc, nRasterXSize));
    1261       15659 :             nFullResYChunk = static_cast<int>(std::min<double>(
    1262       15659 :                 3 + nDstBlockYSize * dfYRatioDstToSrc, nRasterYSize));
    1263       15659 :             if ((nDstBlockXSize == 1 && nDstBlockYSize == 1) ||
    1264       15601 :                 (static_cast<GIntBig>(nFullResXChunk) * nFullResYChunk <=
    1265             :                  1024 * 1024))
    1266             :                 break;
    1267             :             // When operating on the full width of a raster whose block width is
    1268             :             // the raster width, prefer doing chunks in height.
    1269          11 :             if (nFullResXChunk >= nXSize && nXSize == nBlockXSize &&
    1270             :                 nDstBlockYSize > 1)
    1271           0 :                 nDstBlockYSize /= 2;
    1272             :             /* Otherwise cut the maximal dimension */
    1273          11 :             else if (nDstBlockXSize > 1 &&
    1274           0 :                      (nFullResXChunk > nFullResYChunk || nDstBlockYSize == 1))
    1275          11 :                 nDstBlockXSize /= 2;
    1276             :             else
    1277           0 :                 nDstBlockYSize /= 2;
    1278             :         }
    1279             : 
    1280             :         const int nOvrXFactor =
    1281       15648 :             std::max(1, static_cast<int>(0.5 + dfXRatioDstToSrc));
    1282             :         const int nOvrYFactor =
    1283       15648 :             std::max(1, static_cast<int>(0.5 + dfYRatioDstToSrc));
    1284             :         const int nFullResXSizeQueried = static_cast<int>(
    1285       31296 :             std::min<int64_t>(nFullResXChunk + static_cast<int64_t>(2) *
    1286       15648 :                                                    nKernelRadius * nOvrXFactor,
    1287       15648 :                               nRasterXSize));
    1288             :         const int nFullResYSizeQueried = static_cast<int>(
    1289       31296 :             std::min<int64_t>(nFullResYChunk + static_cast<int64_t>(2) *
    1290       15648 :                                                    nKernelRadius * nOvrYFactor,
    1291       15648 :                               nRasterYSize));
    1292             : 
    1293             :         void *pChunk =
    1294       15648 :             VSI_MALLOC3_VERBOSE(GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eWrkDataType),
    1295             :                                 nFullResXSizeQueried, nFullResYSizeQueried);
    1296       15648 :         GByte *pabyChunkNoDataMask = nullptr;
    1297             : 
    1298       15648 :         GDALRasterBand *poMaskBand = GetMaskBand();
    1299       15648 :         int l_nMaskFlags = GetMaskFlags();
    1300             : 
    1301       15648 :         bool bUseNoDataMask = ((l_nMaskFlags & GMF_ALL_VALID) == 0);
    1302       15648 :         if (bUseNoDataMask)
    1303             :         {
    1304        7525 :             pabyChunkNoDataMask = static_cast<GByte *>(VSI_MALLOC2_VERBOSE(
    1305             :                 nFullResXSizeQueried, nFullResYSizeQueried));
    1306             :         }
    1307       15648 :         if (pChunk == nullptr ||
    1308        7525 :             (bUseNoDataMask && pabyChunkNoDataMask == nullptr))
    1309             :         {
    1310           0 :             GDALClose(poMEMDS);
    1311           0 :             CPLFree(pChunk);
    1312           0 :             CPLFree(pabyChunkNoDataMask);
    1313           0 :             VSIFree(pTempBuffer);
    1314           0 :             return CE_Failure;
    1315             :         }
    1316             : 
    1317             :         const int64_t nTotalBlocks =
    1318       15648 :             static_cast<int64_t>(cpl::div_round_up(nBufXSize, nDstBlockXSize)) *
    1319       15648 :             cpl::div_round_up(nBufYSize, nDstBlockYSize);
    1320       15648 :         int64_t nBlocksDone = 0;
    1321             : 
    1322       31296 :         for (int nDstYOff = 0; nDstYOff < nBufYSize && eErr == CE_None;
    1323       15648 :              nDstYOff += nDstBlockYSize)
    1324             :         {
    1325             :             int nDstYCount;
    1326       15648 :             if (nDstYOff + nDstBlockYSize <= nBufYSize)
    1327       15648 :                 nDstYCount = nDstBlockYSize;
    1328             :             else
    1329           0 :                 nDstYCount = nBufYSize - nDstYOff;
    1330             : 
    1331       15648 :             int nChunkYOff =
    1332       15648 :                 nYOff + static_cast<int>(nDstYOff * dfYRatioDstToSrc);
    1333       15648 :             int nChunkYOff2 = nYOff + 1 +
    1334       15648 :                               static_cast<int>(ceil((nDstYOff + nDstYCount) *
    1335             :                                                     dfYRatioDstToSrc));
    1336       15648 :             if (nChunkYOff2 > nRasterYSize)
    1337         789 :                 nChunkYOff2 = nRasterYSize;
    1338       15648 :             int nYCount = nChunkYOff2 - nChunkYOff;
    1339       15648 :             CPLAssert(nYCount <= nFullResYChunk);
    1340             : 
    1341       15648 :             int nChunkYOffQueried = nChunkYOff - nKernelRadius * nOvrYFactor;
    1342       15648 :             int nChunkYSizeQueried = nYCount + 2 * nKernelRadius * nOvrYFactor;
    1343       15648 :             if (nChunkYOffQueried < 0)
    1344             :             {
    1345         498 :                 nChunkYSizeQueried += nChunkYOffQueried;
    1346         498 :                 nChunkYOffQueried = 0;
    1347             :             }
    1348       15648 :             if (nChunkYSizeQueried + nChunkYOffQueried > nRasterYSize)
    1349         607 :                 nChunkYSizeQueried = nRasterYSize - nChunkYOffQueried;
    1350       15648 :             CPLAssert(nChunkYSizeQueried <= nFullResYSizeQueried);
    1351             : 
    1352       15648 :             int nDstXOff = 0;
    1353       31296 :             for (nDstXOff = 0; nDstXOff < nBufXSize && eErr == CE_None;
    1354       15648 :                  nDstXOff += nDstBlockXSize)
    1355             :             {
    1356       15648 :                 int nDstXCount = 0;
    1357       15648 :                 if (nDstXOff + nDstBlockXSize <= nBufXSize)
    1358       15648 :                     nDstXCount = nDstBlockXSize;
    1359             :                 else
    1360           0 :                     nDstXCount = nBufXSize - nDstXOff;
    1361             : 
    1362       15648 :                 int nChunkXOff =
    1363       15648 :                     nXOff + static_cast<int>(nDstXOff * dfXRatioDstToSrc);
    1364       15648 :                 int nChunkXOff2 =
    1365       15648 :                     nXOff + 1 +
    1366       15648 :                     static_cast<int>(
    1367       15648 :                         ceil((nDstXOff + nDstXCount) * dfXRatioDstToSrc));
    1368       15648 :                 if (nChunkXOff2 > nRasterXSize)
    1369        9827 :                     nChunkXOff2 = nRasterXSize;
    1370       15648 :                 int nXCount = nChunkXOff2 - nChunkXOff;
    1371       15648 :                 CPLAssert(nXCount <= nFullResXChunk);
    1372             : 
    1373       15648 :                 int nChunkXOffQueried =
    1374       15648 :                     nChunkXOff - nKernelRadius * nOvrXFactor;
    1375       15648 :                 int nChunkXSizeQueried =
    1376       15648 :                     nXCount + 2 * nKernelRadius * nOvrXFactor;
    1377       15648 :                 if (nChunkXOffQueried < 0)
    1378             :                 {
    1379        3310 :                     nChunkXSizeQueried += nChunkXOffQueried;
    1380        3310 :                     nChunkXOffQueried = 0;
    1381             :                 }
    1382       15648 :                 if (nChunkXSizeQueried + nChunkXOffQueried > nRasterXSize)
    1383        3806 :                     nChunkXSizeQueried = nRasterXSize - nChunkXOffQueried;
    1384       15648 :                 CPLAssert(nChunkXSizeQueried <= nFullResXSizeQueried);
    1385             : 
    1386             :                 // Read the source buffers.
    1387       15648 :                 eErr = RasterIO(GF_Read, nChunkXOffQueried, nChunkYOffQueried,
    1388             :                                 nChunkXSizeQueried, nChunkYSizeQueried, pChunk,
    1389             :                                 nChunkXSizeQueried, nChunkYSizeQueried,
    1390             :                                 eWrkDataType, 0, 0, nullptr);
    1391             : 
    1392       15648 :                 bool bSkipResample = false;
    1393       15648 :                 bool bNoDataMaskFullyOpaque = false;
    1394       15648 :                 if (eErr == CE_None && bUseNoDataMask)
    1395             :                 {
    1396        7525 :                     eErr = poMaskBand->RasterIO(
    1397             :                         GF_Read, nChunkXOffQueried, nChunkYOffQueried,
    1398             :                         nChunkXSizeQueried, nChunkYSizeQueried,
    1399             :                         pabyChunkNoDataMask, nChunkXSizeQueried,
    1400             :                         nChunkYSizeQueried, GDT_UInt8, 0, 0, nullptr);
    1401             : 
    1402             :                     /* Optimizations if mask if fully opaque or transparent */
    1403        7525 :                     int nPixels = nChunkXSizeQueried * nChunkYSizeQueried;
    1404        7525 :                     GByte bVal = pabyChunkNoDataMask[0];
    1405        7525 :                     int i = 1;
    1406    15237000 :                     for (; i < nPixels; i++)
    1407             :                     {
    1408    15230700 :                         if (pabyChunkNoDataMask[i] != bVal)
    1409        1168 :                             break;
    1410             :                     }
    1411        7525 :                     if (i == nPixels)
    1412             :                     {
    1413        6357 :                         if (bVal == 0)
    1414             :                         {
    1415       12094 :                             for (int j = 0; j < nDstYCount; j++)
    1416             :                             {
    1417        6377 :                                 GDALCopyWords64(&dfNoDataValue, GDT_Float64, 0,
    1418             :                                                 static_cast<GByte *>(pDataMem) +
    1419        6377 :                                                     nLSMem * (j + nDstYOff) +
    1420        6377 :                                                     nDstXOff * nPSMem,
    1421             :                                                 eDTMem,
    1422             :                                                 static_cast<int>(nPSMem),
    1423             :                                                 nDstXCount);
    1424             :                             }
    1425        5717 :                             bSkipResample = true;
    1426             :                         }
    1427             :                         else
    1428             :                         {
    1429         640 :                             bNoDataMaskFullyOpaque = true;
    1430             :                         }
    1431             :                     }
    1432             :                 }
    1433             : 
    1434       15648 :                 if (!bSkipResample && eErr == CE_None)
    1435             :                 {
    1436        9928 :                     const bool bPropagateNoData = false;
    1437        9928 :                     void *pDstBuffer = nullptr;
    1438        9928 :                     GDALDataType eDstBufferDataType = GDT_Unknown;
    1439             :                     GDALRasterBand *poMEMBand =
    1440        9928 :                         GDALRasterBand::FromHandle(hMEMBand);
    1441        9928 :                     GDALOverviewResampleArgs args;
    1442        9928 :                     args.eSrcDataType = eDataType;
    1443        9928 :                     args.eOvrDataType = poMEMBand->GetRasterDataType();
    1444        9928 :                     args.nOvrXSize = poMEMBand->GetXSize();
    1445        9928 :                     args.nOvrYSize = poMEMBand->GetYSize();
    1446        9928 :                     args.nOvrNBITS = nNBITS;
    1447        9928 :                     args.dfXRatioDstToSrc = dfXRatioDstToSrc;
    1448        9928 :                     args.dfYRatioDstToSrc = dfYRatioDstToSrc;
    1449        9928 :                     args.dfSrcXDelta =
    1450        9928 :                         dfXOff - nXOff; /* == 0 if bHasXOffVirtual */
    1451        9928 :                     args.dfSrcYDelta =
    1452        9928 :                         dfYOff - nYOff; /* == 0 if bHasYOffVirtual */
    1453        9928 :                     args.eWrkDataType = eWrkDataType;
    1454        9928 :                     args.pabyChunkNodataMask =
    1455        9928 :                         bNoDataMaskFullyOpaque ? nullptr : pabyChunkNoDataMask;
    1456        9928 :                     args.nChunkXOff =
    1457        9928 :                         nChunkXOffQueried - (bHasXOffVirtual ? 0 : nXOff);
    1458        9928 :                     args.nChunkXSize = nChunkXSizeQueried;
    1459        9928 :                     args.nChunkYOff =
    1460        9928 :                         nChunkYOffQueried - (bHasYOffVirtual ? 0 : nYOff);
    1461        9928 :                     args.nChunkYSize = nChunkYSizeQueried;
    1462        9928 :                     args.nDstXOff = nDstXOff + nDestXOffVirtual;
    1463        9928 :                     args.nDstXOff2 = nDstXOff + nDestXOffVirtual + nDstXCount;
    1464        9928 :                     args.nDstYOff = nDstYOff + nDestYOffVirtual;
    1465        9928 :                     args.nDstYOff2 = nDstYOff + nDestYOffVirtual + nDstYCount;
    1466        9928 :                     args.pszResampling = pszResampling;
    1467        9928 :                     args.bHasNoData = bHasNoData;
    1468        9928 :                     args.dfNoDataValue = dfNoDataValue;
    1469        9928 :                     args.poColorTable = GetColorTable();
    1470        9928 :                     args.bPropagateNoData = bPropagateNoData;
    1471        9928 :                     eErr = pfnResampleFunc(args, pChunk, &pDstBuffer,
    1472             :                                            &eDstBufferDataType);
    1473        9928 :                     if (eErr == CE_None)
    1474             :                     {
    1475        9928 :                         eErr = poMEMBand->RasterIO(
    1476             :                             GF_Write, nDstXOff + nDestXOffVirtual,
    1477             :                             nDstYOff + nDestYOffVirtual, nDstXCount, nDstYCount,
    1478             :                             pDstBuffer, nDstXCount, nDstYCount,
    1479             :                             eDstBufferDataType, 0, 0, nullptr);
    1480             :                     }
    1481        9928 :                     CPLFree(pDstBuffer);
    1482             :                 }
    1483             : 
    1484       15648 :                 nBlocksDone++;
    1485       28106 :                 if (eErr == CE_None && psExtraArg->pfnProgress != nullptr &&
    1486       12458 :                     !psExtraArg->pfnProgress(
    1487       12458 :                         static_cast<double>(nBlocksDone) /
    1488       12458 :                             static_cast<double>(nTotalBlocks),
    1489             :                         "", psExtraArg->pProgressData))
    1490             :                 {
    1491           1 :                     eErr = CE_Failure;
    1492             :                 }
    1493             :             }
    1494             :         }
    1495             : 
    1496       15648 :         CPLFree(pChunk);
    1497       15648 :         CPLFree(pabyChunkNoDataMask);
    1498             :     }
    1499             : 
    1500       15797 :     if (pTempBuffer)
    1501             :     {
    1502           4 :         CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(poMEMDS->GetRasterBand(1)->RasterIO(
    1503             :             GF_Read, nDestXOffVirtual, nDestYOffVirtual, nBufXSize, nBufYSize,
    1504             :             pData, nBufXSize, nBufYSize, eBufType, nPixelSpace, nLineSpace,
    1505             :             nullptr));
    1506             :     }
    1507       15797 :     GDALClose(poMEMDS);
    1508       15797 :     VSIFree(pTempBuffer);
    1509             : 
    1510       15797 :     return eErr;
    1511             : }
    1512             : 
    1513             : /************************************************************************/
    1514             : /*                         RasterIOResampled()                          */
    1515             : /************************************************************************/
    1516             : 
    1517        2431 : CPLErr GDALDataset::RasterIOResampled(
    1518             :     GDALRWFlag /* eRWFlag */, int nXOff, int nYOff, int nXSize, int nYSize,
    1519             :     void *pData, int nBufXSize, int nBufYSize, GDALDataType eBufType,
    1520             :     int nBandCount, const int *panBandMap, GSpacing nPixelSpace,
    1521             :     GSpacing nLineSpace, GSpacing nBandSpace, GDALRasterIOExtraArg *psExtraArg)
    1522             : 
    1523             : {
    1524             : #if 0
    1525             :     // Determine if we use warping resampling or overview resampling
    1526             :     bool bUseWarp = false;
    1527             :     if( GDALDataTypeIsComplex( eDataType ) )
    1528             :         bUseWarp = true;
    1529             : #endif
    1530             : 
    1531        2431 :     double dfXOff = nXOff;
    1532        2431 :     double dfYOff = nYOff;
    1533        2431 :     double dfXSize = nXSize;
    1534        2431 :     double dfYSize = nYSize;
    1535        2431 :     if (psExtraArg->bFloatingPointWindowValidity)
    1536             :     {
    1537        2304 :         dfXOff = psExtraArg->dfXOff;
    1538        2304 :         dfYOff = psExtraArg->dfYOff;
    1539        2304 :         dfXSize = psExtraArg->dfXSize;
    1540        2304 :         dfYSize = psExtraArg->dfYSize;
    1541             :     }
    1542             : 
    1543        2431 :     const double dfXRatioDstToSrc = dfXSize / nBufXSize;
    1544        2431 :     const double dfYRatioDstToSrc = dfYSize / nBufYSize;
    1545             : 
    1546             :     // Determine the coordinates in the "virtual" output raster to see
    1547             :     // if there are not integers, in which case we will use them as a shift
    1548             :     // so that subwindow extracts give the exact same results as entire raster
    1549             :     // scaling.
    1550        2431 :     double dfDestXOff = dfXOff / dfXRatioDstToSrc;
    1551        2431 :     bool bHasXOffVirtual = false;
    1552        2431 :     int nDestXOffVirtual = 0;
    1553        2431 :     if (fabs(dfDestXOff - static_cast<int>(dfDestXOff + 0.5)) < 1e-8)
    1554             :     {
    1555        2306 :         bHasXOffVirtual = true;
    1556        2306 :         dfXOff = nXOff;
    1557        2306 :         nDestXOffVirtual = static_cast<int>(dfDestXOff + 0.5);
    1558             :     }
    1559             : 
    1560        2431 :     double dfDestYOff = dfYOff / dfYRatioDstToSrc;
    1561        2431 :     bool bHasYOffVirtual = false;
    1562        2431 :     int nDestYOffVirtual = 0;
    1563        2431 :     if (fabs(dfDestYOff - static_cast<int>(dfDestYOff + 0.5)) < 1e-8)
    1564             :     {
    1565        2266 :         bHasYOffVirtual = true;
    1566        2266 :         dfYOff = nYOff;
    1567        2266 :         nDestYOffVirtual = static_cast<int>(dfDestYOff + 0.5);
    1568             :     }
    1569             : 
    1570             :     // Create a MEM dataset that wraps the output buffer.
    1571        2431 :     std::unique_ptr<void, VSIFreeReleaser> pTempBuffer;
    1572        2431 :     GSpacing nPSMem = nPixelSpace;
    1573        2431 :     GSpacing nLSMem = nLineSpace;
    1574        2431 :     GSpacing nBandSpaceMEM = nBandSpace;
    1575        2431 :     void *pDataMem = pData;
    1576        2431 :     GDALDataType eDTMem = eBufType;
    1577        2431 :     GDALRasterBand *poFirstSrcBand = GetRasterBand(panBandMap[0]);
    1578        2431 :     const GDALDataType eDataType = poFirstSrcBand->GetRasterDataType();
    1579        2431 :     if (eBufType != eDataType && !GDAL_GET_OPERATE_IN_BUF_TYPE(*psExtraArg))
    1580             :     {
    1581           2 :         nPSMem = GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eDataType);
    1582           2 :         nLSMem = nPSMem * nBufXSize;
    1583           2 :         nBandSpaceMEM = nLSMem * nBandCount;
    1584           2 :         pTempBuffer.reset(VSI_MALLOC3_VERBOSE(nBandCount, nBufYSize,
    1585             :                                               static_cast<size_t>(nLSMem)));
    1586           2 :         if (pTempBuffer == nullptr)
    1587           0 :             return CE_Failure;
    1588           2 :         pDataMem = pTempBuffer.get();
    1589           2 :         eDTMem = eDataType;
    1590             :     }
    1591             : 
    1592             :     auto poMEMDS = std::unique_ptr<GDALDataset>(
    1593        2431 :         MEMDataset::Create("", nDestXOffVirtual + nBufXSize,
    1594        4862 :                            nDestYOffVirtual + nBufYSize, 0, eDTMem, nullptr));
    1595             : #ifdef GDAL_ENABLE_RESAMPLING_MULTIBAND
    1596             :     std::vector<GDALRasterBand *> apoDstBands(nBandCount);
    1597             : #endif
    1598        2431 :     int nNBITS = 0;
    1599        9052 :     for (int i = 0; i < nBandCount; i++)
    1600             :     {
    1601        6621 :         GByte *const pBandData = static_cast<GByte *>(pDataMem) -
    1602        6621 :                                  nPSMem * nDestXOffVirtual -
    1603        6621 :                                  nLSMem * nDestYOffVirtual + nBandSpaceMEM * i;
    1604        6621 :         auto poMEMBand = GDALRasterBand::FromHandle(MEMCreateRasterBandEx(
    1605             :             poMEMDS.get(), i + 1, pBandData, eDTMem, nPSMem, nLSMem, false));
    1606        6621 :         poMEMDS->SetBand(i + 1, poMEMBand);
    1607             : 
    1608        6621 :         GDALRasterBand *poSrcBand = GetRasterBand(panBandMap[i]);
    1609             : #ifdef GDAL_ENABLE_RESAMPLING_MULTIBAND
    1610             :         apoDstBands[i] = poMEMBand;
    1611             : #endif
    1612             :         const char *pszNBITS =
    1613        6621 :             poSrcBand->GetMetadataItem("NBITS", "IMAGE_STRUCTURE");
    1614        6621 :         if (pszNBITS)
    1615             :         {
    1616           0 :             nNBITS = atoi(pszNBITS);
    1617           0 :             poMEMDS->GetRasterBand(i + 1)->SetMetadataItem("NBITS", pszNBITS,
    1618           0 :                                                            "IMAGE_STRUCTURE");
    1619             :         }
    1620             :     }
    1621             : 
    1622        2431 :     CPLErr eErr = CE_None;
    1623             : 
    1624             :     // TODO(schwehr): Why disabled?  Why not just delete?
    1625             :     // Looks like this code was initially added as disable by copying
    1626             :     // from RasterIO here:
    1627             :     // https://trac.osgeo.org/gdal/changeset/29572
    1628             : #if 0
    1629             :     // Do the resampling.
    1630             :     if( bUseWarp )
    1631             :     {
    1632             :         VRTDatasetH hVRTDS = nullptr;
    1633             :         GDALRasterBandH hVRTBand = nullptr;
    1634             :         if( GetDataset() == nullptr )
    1635             :         {
    1636             :             /* Create VRT dataset that wraps the whole dataset */
    1637             :             hVRTDS = VRTCreate(nRasterXSize, nRasterYSize);
    1638             :             VRTAddBand( hVRTDS, eDataType, nullptr );
    1639             :             hVRTBand = GDALGetRasterBand(hVRTDS, 1);
    1640             :             VRTAddSimpleSource( (VRTSourcedRasterBandH)hVRTBand,
    1641             :                                 (GDALRasterBandH)this,
    1642             :                                 0, 0,
    1643             :                                 nRasterXSize, nRasterYSize,
    1644             :                                 0, 0,
    1645             :                                 nRasterXSize, nRasterYSize,
    1646             :                                 nullptr, VRT_NODATA_UNSET );
    1647             : 
    1648             :             /* Add a mask band if needed */
    1649             :             if( GetMaskFlags() != GMF_ALL_VALID )
    1650             :             {
    1651             :                 ((GDALDataset*)hVRTDS)->CreateMaskBand(0);
    1652             :                 VRTSourcedRasterBand* poVRTMaskBand =
    1653             :                     (VRTSourcedRasterBand*)(((GDALRasterBand*)hVRTBand)->GetMaskBand());
    1654             :                 poVRTMaskBand->
    1655             :                     AddMaskBandSource( this,
    1656             :                                     0, 0,
    1657             :                                     nRasterXSize, nRasterYSize,
    1658             :                                     0, 0,
    1659             :                                     nRasterXSize, nRasterYSize);
    1660             :             }
    1661             :         }
    1662             : 
    1663             :         GDALWarpOptions* psWarpOptions = GDALCreateWarpOptions();
    1664             :         psWarpOptions->eResampleAlg = (GDALResampleAlg)psExtraArg->eResampleAlg;
    1665             :         psWarpOptions->hSrcDS = (GDALDatasetH) (hVRTDS ? hVRTDS : GetDataset());
    1666             :         psWarpOptions->hDstDS = (GDALDatasetH) poMEMDS;
    1667             :         psWarpOptions->nBandCount = 1;
    1668             :         int nSrcBandNumber = (hVRTDS ? 1 : nBand);
    1669             :         int nDstBandNumber = 1;
    1670             :         psWarpOptions->panSrcBands = &nSrcBandNumber;
    1671             :         psWarpOptions->panDstBands = &nDstBandNumber;
    1672             :         psWarpOptions->pfnProgress = psExtraArg->pfnProgress ?
    1673             :                     psExtraArg->pfnProgress : GDALDummyProgress;
    1674             :         psWarpOptions->pProgressArg = psExtraArg->pProgressData;
    1675             :         psWarpOptions->pfnTransformer = GDALRasterIOTransformer;
    1676             :         GDALRasterIOTransformerStruct sTransformer;
    1677             :         sTransformer.dfXOff = bHasXOffVirtual ? 0 : dfXOff;
    1678             :         sTransformer.dfYOff = bHasYOffVirtual ? 0 : dfYOff;
    1679             :         sTransformer.dfXRatioDstToSrc = dfXRatioDstToSrc;
    1680             :         sTransformer.dfYRatioDstToSrc = dfYRatioDstToSrc;
    1681             :         psWarpOptions->pTransformerArg = &sTransformer;
    1682             : 
    1683             :         GDALWarpOperationH hWarpOperation = GDALCreateWarpOperation(psWarpOptions);
    1684             :         eErr = GDALChunkAndWarpImage( hWarpOperation,
    1685             :                                       nDestXOffVirtual, nDestYOffVirtual,
    1686             :                                       nBufXSize, nBufYSize );
    1687             :         GDALDestroyWarpOperation( hWarpOperation );
    1688             : 
    1689             :         psWarpOptions->panSrcBands = nullptr;
    1690             :         psWarpOptions->panDstBands = nullptr;
    1691             :         GDALDestroyWarpOptions( psWarpOptions );
    1692             : 
    1693             :         if( hVRTDS )
    1694             :             GDALClose(hVRTDS);
    1695             :     }
    1696             :     else
    1697             : #endif
    1698             :     {
    1699             :         const char *pszResampling =
    1700        2431 :             GDALRasterIOGetResampleAlg(psExtraArg->eResampleAlg);
    1701             : 
    1702             :         int nBlockXSize, nBlockYSize;
    1703        2431 :         poFirstSrcBand->GetBlockSize(&nBlockXSize, &nBlockYSize);
    1704             : 
    1705             :         int nKernelRadius;
    1706             :         GDALResampleFunction pfnResampleFunc =
    1707        2431 :             GDALGetResampleFunction(pszResampling, &nKernelRadius);
    1708        2431 :         CPLAssert(pfnResampleFunc);
    1709             : #ifdef GDAL_ENABLE_RESAMPLING_MULTIBAND
    1710             :         GDALResampleFunctionMultiBands pfnResampleFuncMultiBands =
    1711             :             GDALGetResampleFunctionMultiBands(pszResampling, &nKernelRadius);
    1712             : #endif
    1713             :         GDALDataType eWrkDataType =
    1714        2431 :             GDALGetOvrWorkDataType(pszResampling, eDataType);
    1715             : 
    1716        2431 :         int nDstBlockXSize = nBufXSize;
    1717        2431 :         int nDstBlockYSize = nBufYSize;
    1718             :         int nFullResXChunk, nFullResYChunk;
    1719             :         while (true)
    1720             :         {
    1721        2431 :             nFullResXChunk = static_cast<int>(std::min<double>(
    1722        2431 :                 3 + nDstBlockXSize * dfXRatioDstToSrc, nRasterXSize));
    1723        2431 :             nFullResYChunk = static_cast<int>(std::min<double>(
    1724        2431 :                 3 + nDstBlockYSize * dfYRatioDstToSrc, nRasterYSize));
    1725        2431 :             if ((nDstBlockXSize == 1 && nDstBlockYSize == 1) ||
    1726        2429 :                 (static_cast<GIntBig>(nFullResXChunk) * nFullResYChunk <=
    1727             :                  1024 * 1024))
    1728             :                 break;
    1729             :             // When operating on the full width of a raster whose block width is
    1730             :             // the raster width, prefer doing chunks in height.
    1731           0 :             if (nFullResXChunk >= nXSize && nXSize == nBlockXSize &&
    1732             :                 nDstBlockYSize > 1)
    1733           0 :                 nDstBlockYSize /= 2;
    1734             :             /* Otherwise cut the maximal dimension */
    1735           0 :             else if (nDstBlockXSize > 1 &&
    1736           0 :                      (nFullResXChunk > nFullResYChunk || nDstBlockYSize == 1))
    1737           0 :                 nDstBlockXSize /= 2;
    1738             :             else
    1739           0 :                 nDstBlockYSize /= 2;
    1740             :         }
    1741             : 
    1742             :         const int nOvrFactor =
    1743        7293 :             std::max(1, std::max(static_cast<int>(0.5 + dfXRatioDstToSrc),
    1744        2431 :                                  static_cast<int>(0.5 + dfYRatioDstToSrc)));
    1745             :         const int nFullResXSizeQueried = static_cast<int>(
    1746        4862 :             std::min<int64_t>(nFullResXChunk + static_cast<int64_t>(2) *
    1747        2431 :                                                    nKernelRadius * nOvrFactor,
    1748        2431 :                               nRasterXSize));
    1749             :         const int nFullResYSizeQueried = static_cast<int>(
    1750        4862 :             std::min<int64_t>(nFullResYChunk + static_cast<int64_t>(2) *
    1751        2431 :                                                    nKernelRadius * nOvrFactor,
    1752        2431 :                               nRasterYSize));
    1753             : 
    1754        2431 :         void *pChunk = VSI_MALLOC3_VERBOSE(
    1755             :             cpl::fits_on<int>(GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eWrkDataType) *
    1756             :                               nBandCount),
    1757             :             nFullResXSizeQueried, nFullResYSizeQueried);
    1758        2431 :         GByte *pabyChunkNoDataMask = nullptr;
    1759             : 
    1760        2431 :         GDALRasterBand *poMaskBand = poFirstSrcBand->GetMaskBand();
    1761        2431 :         int nMaskFlags = poFirstSrcBand->GetMaskFlags();
    1762             : 
    1763        2431 :         bool bUseNoDataMask = ((nMaskFlags & GMF_ALL_VALID) == 0);
    1764        2431 :         if (bUseNoDataMask)
    1765             :         {
    1766        2156 :             pabyChunkNoDataMask = static_cast<GByte *>(VSI_MALLOC2_VERBOSE(
    1767             :                 nFullResXSizeQueried, nFullResYSizeQueried));
    1768             :         }
    1769        2431 :         if (pChunk == nullptr ||
    1770        2156 :             (bUseNoDataMask && pabyChunkNoDataMask == nullptr))
    1771             :         {
    1772           0 :             CPLFree(pChunk);
    1773           0 :             CPLFree(pabyChunkNoDataMask);
    1774           0 :             return CE_Failure;
    1775             :         }
    1776             : 
    1777             :         const int64_t nTotalBlocks =
    1778        2431 :             static_cast<int64_t>(cpl::div_round_up(nBufXSize, nDstBlockXSize)) *
    1779        2431 :             cpl::div_round_up(nBufYSize, nDstBlockYSize);
    1780        2431 :         int64_t nBlocksDone = 0;
    1781             : 
    1782        4862 :         for (int nDstYOff = 0; nDstYOff < nBufYSize && eErr == CE_None;
    1783        2431 :              nDstYOff += nDstBlockYSize)
    1784             :         {
    1785             :             int nDstYCount;
    1786        2431 :             if (nDstYOff + nDstBlockYSize <= nBufYSize)
    1787        2431 :                 nDstYCount = nDstBlockYSize;
    1788             :             else
    1789           0 :                 nDstYCount = nBufYSize - nDstYOff;
    1790             : 
    1791        2431 :             int nChunkYOff =
    1792        2431 :                 nYOff + static_cast<int>(nDstYOff * dfYRatioDstToSrc);
    1793        2431 :             int nChunkYOff2 = nYOff + 1 +
    1794        2431 :                               static_cast<int>(ceil((nDstYOff + nDstYCount) *
    1795             :                                                     dfYRatioDstToSrc));
    1796        2431 :             if (nChunkYOff2 > nRasterYSize)
    1797         146 :                 nChunkYOff2 = nRasterYSize;
    1798        2431 :             int nYCount = nChunkYOff2 - nChunkYOff;
    1799        2431 :             CPLAssert(nYCount <= nFullResYChunk);
    1800             : 
    1801        2431 :             int nChunkYOffQueried = nChunkYOff - nKernelRadius * nOvrFactor;
    1802        2431 :             int nChunkYSizeQueried = nYCount + 2 * nKernelRadius * nOvrFactor;
    1803        2431 :             if (nChunkYOffQueried < 0)
    1804             :             {
    1805         149 :                 nChunkYSizeQueried += nChunkYOffQueried;
    1806         149 :                 nChunkYOffQueried = 0;
    1807             :             }
    1808        2431 :             if (nChunkYSizeQueried + nChunkYOffQueried > nRasterYSize)
    1809         170 :                 nChunkYSizeQueried = nRasterYSize - nChunkYOffQueried;
    1810        2431 :             CPLAssert(nChunkYSizeQueried <= nFullResYSizeQueried);
    1811             : 
    1812             :             int nDstXOff;
    1813        4862 :             for (nDstXOff = 0; nDstXOff < nBufXSize && eErr == CE_None;
    1814        2431 :                  nDstXOff += nDstBlockXSize)
    1815             :             {
    1816             :                 int nDstXCount;
    1817        2431 :                 if (nDstXOff + nDstBlockXSize <= nBufXSize)
    1818        2431 :                     nDstXCount = nDstBlockXSize;
    1819             :                 else
    1820           0 :                     nDstXCount = nBufXSize - nDstXOff;
    1821             : 
    1822        2431 :                 int nChunkXOff =
    1823        2431 :                     nXOff + static_cast<int>(nDstXOff * dfXRatioDstToSrc);
    1824        2431 :                 int nChunkXOff2 =
    1825        2431 :                     nXOff + 1 +
    1826        2431 :                     static_cast<int>(
    1827        2431 :                         ceil((nDstXOff + nDstXCount) * dfXRatioDstToSrc));
    1828        2431 :                 if (nChunkXOff2 > nRasterXSize)
    1829        1672 :                     nChunkXOff2 = nRasterXSize;
    1830        2431 :                 int nXCount = nChunkXOff2 - nChunkXOff;
    1831        2431 :                 CPLAssert(nXCount <= nFullResXChunk);
    1832             : 
    1833        2431 :                 int nChunkXOffQueried = nChunkXOff - nKernelRadius * nOvrFactor;
    1834        2431 :                 int nChunkXSizeQueried =
    1835        2431 :                     nXCount + 2 * nKernelRadius * nOvrFactor;
    1836        2431 :                 if (nChunkXOffQueried < 0)
    1837             :                 {
    1838        1162 :                     nChunkXSizeQueried += nChunkXOffQueried;
    1839        1162 :                     nChunkXOffQueried = 0;
    1840             :                 }
    1841        2431 :                 if (nChunkXSizeQueried + nChunkXOffQueried > nRasterXSize)
    1842        1680 :                     nChunkXSizeQueried = nRasterXSize - nChunkXOffQueried;
    1843        2431 :                 CPLAssert(nChunkXSizeQueried <= nFullResXSizeQueried);
    1844             : 
    1845        2431 :                 bool bSkipResample = false;
    1846        2431 :                 bool bNoDataMaskFullyOpaque = false;
    1847        2431 :                 if (eErr == CE_None && bUseNoDataMask)
    1848             :                 {
    1849        2156 :                     eErr = poMaskBand->RasterIO(
    1850             :                         GF_Read, nChunkXOffQueried, nChunkYOffQueried,
    1851             :                         nChunkXSizeQueried, nChunkYSizeQueried,
    1852             :                         pabyChunkNoDataMask, nChunkXSizeQueried,
    1853             :                         nChunkYSizeQueried, GDT_UInt8, 0, 0, nullptr);
    1854             : 
    1855             :                     /* Optimizations if mask if fully opaque or transparent */
    1856        2156 :                     const int nPixels = nChunkXSizeQueried * nChunkYSizeQueried;
    1857        2156 :                     const GByte bVal = pabyChunkNoDataMask[0];
    1858        2156 :                     int i = 1;  // Used after for.
    1859    49799600 :                     for (; i < nPixels; i++)
    1860             :                     {
    1861    49798500 :                         if (pabyChunkNoDataMask[i] != bVal)
    1862        1031 :                             break;
    1863             :                     }
    1864        2156 :                     if (i == nPixels)
    1865             :                     {
    1866        1125 :                         if (bVal == 0)
    1867             :                         {
    1868         953 :                             GByte abyZero[16] = {0};
    1869        3100 :                             for (int iBand = 0; iBand < nBandCount; iBand++)
    1870             :                             {
    1871        6979 :                                 for (int j = 0; j < nDstYCount; j++)
    1872             :                                 {
    1873        4832 :                                     GDALCopyWords64(
    1874             :                                         abyZero, GDT_UInt8, 0,
    1875             :                                         static_cast<GByte *>(pDataMem) +
    1876        4832 :                                             iBand * nBandSpaceMEM +
    1877        4832 :                                             nLSMem * (j + nDstYOff) +
    1878        4832 :                                             nDstXOff * nPSMem,
    1879             :                                         eBufType, static_cast<int>(nPSMem),
    1880             :                                         nDstXCount);
    1881             :                                 }
    1882             :                             }
    1883         953 :                             bSkipResample = true;
    1884             :                         }
    1885             :                         else
    1886             :                         {
    1887         172 :                             bNoDataMaskFullyOpaque = true;
    1888             :                         }
    1889             :                     }
    1890             :                 }
    1891             : 
    1892        2431 :                 if (!bSkipResample && eErr == CE_None)
    1893             :                 {
    1894             :                     /* Read the source buffers */
    1895        1475 :                     eErr = RasterIO(
    1896             :                         GF_Read, nChunkXOffQueried, nChunkYOffQueried,
    1897             :                         nChunkXSizeQueried, nChunkYSizeQueried, pChunk,
    1898             :                         nChunkXSizeQueried, nChunkYSizeQueried, eWrkDataType,
    1899             :                         nBandCount, panBandMap, 0, 0, 0, nullptr);
    1900             :                 }
    1901             : 
    1902             : #ifdef GDAL_ENABLE_RESAMPLING_MULTIBAND
    1903             :                 if (pfnResampleFuncMultiBands && !bSkipResample &&
    1904             :                     eErr == CE_None)
    1905             :                 {
    1906             :                     eErr = pfnResampleFuncMultiBands(
    1907             :                         dfXRatioDstToSrc, dfYRatioDstToSrc,
    1908             :                         dfXOff - nXOff, /* == 0 if bHasXOffVirtual */
    1909             :                         dfYOff - nYOff, /* == 0 if bHasYOffVirtual */
    1910             :                         eWrkDataType, (GByte *)pChunk, nBandCount,
    1911             :                         bNoDataMaskFullyOpaque ? nullptr : pabyChunkNoDataMask,
    1912             :                         nChunkXOffQueried - (bHasXOffVirtual ? 0 : nXOff),
    1913             :                         nChunkXSizeQueried,
    1914             :                         nChunkYOffQueried - (bHasYOffVirtual ? 0 : nYOff),
    1915             :                         nChunkYSizeQueried, nDstXOff + nDestXOffVirtual,
    1916             :                         nDstXOff + nDestXOffVirtual + nDstXCount,
    1917             :                         nDstYOff + nDestYOffVirtual,
    1918             :                         nDstYOff + nDestYOffVirtual + nDstYCount,
    1919             :                         apoDstBands.data(), pszResampling, FALSE /*bHasNoData*/,
    1920             :                         0.0 /* dfNoDataValue */, nullptr /* color table*/,
    1921             :                         eDataType);
    1922             :                 }
    1923             :                 else
    1924             : #endif
    1925             :                 {
    1926             :                     size_t nChunkBandOffset =
    1927        2431 :                         static_cast<size_t>(nChunkXSizeQueried) *
    1928        2431 :                         nChunkYSizeQueried *
    1929        2431 :                         GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eWrkDataType);
    1930        6896 :                     for (int i = 0;
    1931        6896 :                          i < nBandCount && !bSkipResample && eErr == CE_None;
    1932             :                          i++)
    1933             :                     {
    1934        4465 :                         const bool bPropagateNoData = false;
    1935        4465 :                         void *pDstBuffer = nullptr;
    1936        4465 :                         GDALDataType eDstBufferDataType = GDT_Unknown;
    1937             :                         GDALRasterBand *poMEMBand =
    1938        4465 :                             poMEMDS->GetRasterBand(i + 1);
    1939        4465 :                         GDALOverviewResampleArgs args;
    1940        4465 :                         args.eSrcDataType = eDataType;
    1941        4465 :                         args.eOvrDataType = poMEMBand->GetRasterDataType();
    1942        4465 :                         args.nOvrXSize = poMEMBand->GetXSize();
    1943        4465 :                         args.nOvrYSize = poMEMBand->GetYSize();
    1944        4465 :                         args.nOvrNBITS = nNBITS;
    1945        4465 :                         args.dfXRatioDstToSrc = dfXRatioDstToSrc;
    1946        4465 :                         args.dfYRatioDstToSrc = dfYRatioDstToSrc;
    1947        4465 :                         args.dfSrcXDelta =
    1948        4465 :                             dfXOff - nXOff; /* == 0 if bHasXOffVirtual */
    1949        4465 :                         args.dfSrcYDelta =
    1950        4465 :                             dfYOff - nYOff; /* == 0 if bHasYOffVirtual */
    1951        4465 :                         args.eWrkDataType = eWrkDataType;
    1952        4465 :                         args.pabyChunkNodataMask = bNoDataMaskFullyOpaque
    1953        4465 :                                                        ? nullptr
    1954             :                                                        : pabyChunkNoDataMask;
    1955        4465 :                         args.nChunkXOff =
    1956        4465 :                             nChunkXOffQueried - (bHasXOffVirtual ? 0 : nXOff);
    1957        4465 :                         args.nChunkXSize = nChunkXSizeQueried;
    1958        4465 :                         args.nChunkYOff =
    1959        4465 :                             nChunkYOffQueried - (bHasYOffVirtual ? 0 : nYOff);
    1960        4465 :                         args.nChunkYSize = nChunkYSizeQueried;
    1961        4465 :                         args.nDstXOff = nDstXOff + nDestXOffVirtual;
    1962        4465 :                         args.nDstXOff2 =
    1963        4465 :                             nDstXOff + nDestXOffVirtual + nDstXCount;
    1964        4465 :                         args.nDstYOff = nDstYOff + nDestYOffVirtual;
    1965        4465 :                         args.nDstYOff2 =
    1966        4465 :                             nDstYOff + nDestYOffVirtual + nDstYCount;
    1967        4465 :                         args.pszResampling = pszResampling;
    1968        4465 :                         args.bHasNoData = false;
    1969        4465 :                         args.dfNoDataValue = 0.0;
    1970        4465 :                         args.poColorTable = nullptr;
    1971        4465 :                         args.bPropagateNoData = bPropagateNoData;
    1972             : 
    1973             :                         eErr =
    1974        8930 :                             pfnResampleFunc(args,
    1975        4465 :                                             reinterpret_cast<GByte *>(pChunk) +
    1976        4465 :                                                 i * nChunkBandOffset,
    1977             :                                             &pDstBuffer, &eDstBufferDataType);
    1978        4465 :                         if (eErr == CE_None)
    1979             :                         {
    1980        4465 :                             eErr = poMEMBand->RasterIO(
    1981             :                                 GF_Write, nDstXOff + nDestXOffVirtual,
    1982             :                                 nDstYOff + nDestYOffVirtual, nDstXCount,
    1983             :                                 nDstYCount, pDstBuffer, nDstXCount, nDstYCount,
    1984             :                                 eDstBufferDataType, 0, 0, nullptr);
    1985             :                         }
    1986        4465 :                         CPLFree(pDstBuffer);
    1987             :                     }
    1988             :                 }
    1989             : 
    1990        2431 :                 nBlocksDone++;
    1991        4356 :                 if (eErr == CE_None && psExtraArg->pfnProgress != nullptr &&
    1992        1925 :                     !psExtraArg->pfnProgress(
    1993        1925 :                         static_cast<double>(nBlocksDone) /
    1994        1925 :                             static_cast<double>(nTotalBlocks),
    1995             :                         "", psExtraArg->pProgressData))
    1996             :                 {
    1997           0 :                     eErr = CE_Failure;
    1998             :                 }
    1999             :             }
    2000             :         }
    2001             : 
    2002        2431 :         CPLFree(pChunk);
    2003        2431 :         CPLFree(pabyChunkNoDataMask);
    2004             :     }
    2005             : 
    2006        2431 :     if (pTempBuffer)
    2007             :     {
    2008           2 :         CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(poMEMDS->RasterIO(
    2009             :             GF_Read, nDestXOffVirtual, nDestYOffVirtual, nBufXSize, nBufYSize,
    2010             :             pData, nBufXSize, nBufYSize, eBufType, nBandCount, nullptr,
    2011             :             nPixelSpace, nLineSpace, nBandSpace, nullptr));
    2012             :     }
    2013             : 
    2014        2431 :     return eErr;
    2015             : }
    2016             : 
    2017             : //! @endcond
    2018             : 
    2019             : /************************************************************************/
    2020             : /*                           GDALSwapWords()                            */
    2021             : /************************************************************************/
    2022             : 
    2023             : /**
    2024             :  * Byte swap words in-place.
    2025             :  *
    2026             :  * This function will byte swap a set of 2, 4 or 8 byte words "in place" in
    2027             :  * a memory array.  No assumption is made that the words being swapped are
    2028             :  * word aligned in memory.  Use the CPL_LSB and CPL_MSB macros from cpl_port.h
    2029             :  * to determine if the current platform is big endian or little endian.  Use
    2030             :  * The macros like CPL_SWAP32() to byte swap single values without the overhead
    2031             :  * of a function call.
    2032             :  *
    2033             :  * @param pData pointer to start of data buffer.
    2034             :  * @param nWordSize size of words being swapped in bytes. Normally 2, 4 or 8.
    2035             :  * @param nWordCount the number of words to be swapped in this call.
    2036             :  * @param nWordSkip the byte offset from the start of one word to the start of
    2037             :  * the next. For packed buffers this is the same as nWordSize.
    2038             :  */
    2039             : 
    2040      497405 : void CPL_STDCALL GDALSwapWords(void *pData, int nWordSize, int nWordCount,
    2041             :                                int nWordSkip)
    2042             : 
    2043             : {
    2044      497405 :     if (nWordCount > 0)
    2045      497405 :         VALIDATE_POINTER0(pData, "GDALSwapWords");
    2046             : 
    2047      497405 :     GByte *pabyData = static_cast<GByte *>(pData);
    2048             : 
    2049      497405 :     switch (nWordSize)
    2050             :     {
    2051        7234 :         case 1:
    2052        7234 :             break;
    2053             : 
    2054      477161 :         case 2:
    2055      477161 :             CPLAssert(nWordSkip >= 2 || nWordCount == 1);
    2056   228194000 :             for (int i = 0; i < nWordCount; i++)
    2057             :             {
    2058   227716000 :                 CPL_SWAP16PTR(pabyData);
    2059   227716000 :                 pabyData += nWordSkip;
    2060             :             }
    2061      477161 :             break;
    2062             : 
    2063       10584 :         case 4:
    2064       10584 :             CPLAssert(nWordSkip >= 4 || nWordCount == 1);
    2065       10584 :             if (CPL_IS_ALIGNED(pabyData, 4) && (nWordSkip % 4) == 0)
    2066             :             {
    2067    29140600 :                 for (int i = 0; i < nWordCount; i++)
    2068             :                 {
    2069    29130000 :                     *reinterpret_cast<GUInt32 *>(pabyData) = CPL_SWAP32(
    2070             :                         *reinterpret_cast<const GUInt32 *>(pabyData));
    2071    29130000 :                     pabyData += nWordSkip;
    2072       10581 :                 }
    2073             :             }
    2074             :             else
    2075             :             {
    2076           9 :                 for (int i = 0; i < nWordCount; i++)
    2077             :                 {
    2078           6 :                     CPL_SWAP32PTR(pabyData);
    2079           6 :                     pabyData += nWordSkip;
    2080             :                 }
    2081             :             }
    2082       10584 :             break;
    2083             : 
    2084        2426 :         case 8:
    2085        2426 :             CPLAssert(nWordSkip >= 8 || nWordCount == 1);
    2086        2426 :             if (CPL_IS_ALIGNED(pabyData, 8) && (nWordSkip % 8) == 0)
    2087             :             {
    2088     3356900 :                 for (int i = 0; i < nWordCount; i++)
    2089             :                 {
    2090     3354480 :                     *reinterpret_cast<GUInt64 *>(pabyData) = CPL_SWAP64(
    2091             :                         *reinterpret_cast<const GUInt64 *>(pabyData));
    2092     3354480 :                     pabyData += nWordSkip;
    2093        2425 :                 }
    2094             :             }
    2095             :             else
    2096             :             {
    2097           3 :                 for (int i = 0; i < nWordCount; i++)
    2098             :                 {
    2099           2 :                     CPL_SWAP64PTR(pabyData);
    2100           2 :                     pabyData += nWordSkip;
    2101             :                 }
    2102             :             }
    2103        2426 :             break;
    2104             : 
    2105           0 :         default:
    2106           0 :             CPLAssert(false);
    2107             :     }
    2108             : }
    2109             : 
    2110             : /************************************************************************/
    2111             : /*                          GDALSwapWordsEx()                           */
    2112             : /************************************************************************/
    2113             : 
    2114             : /**
    2115             :  * Byte swap words in-place.
    2116             :  *
    2117             :  * This function will byte swap a set of 2, 4 or 8 byte words "in place" in
    2118             :  * a memory array.  No assumption is made that the words being swapped are
    2119             :  * word aligned in memory.  Use the CPL_LSB and CPL_MSB macros from cpl_port.h
    2120             :  * to determine if the current platform is big endian or little endian.  Use
    2121             :  * The macros like CPL_SWAP32() to byte swap single values without the overhead
    2122             :  * of a function call.
    2123             :  *
    2124             :  * @param pData pointer to start of data buffer.
    2125             :  * @param nWordSize size of words being swapped in bytes. Normally 2, 4 or 8.
    2126             :  * @param nWordCount the number of words to be swapped in this call.
    2127             :  * @param nWordSkip the byte offset from the start of one word to the start of
    2128             :  * the next. For packed buffers this is the same as nWordSize.
    2129             :  */
    2130        6130 : void CPL_STDCALL GDALSwapWordsEx(void *pData, int nWordSize, size_t nWordCount,
    2131             :                                  int nWordSkip)
    2132             : {
    2133        6130 :     GByte *pabyData = static_cast<GByte *>(pData);
    2134       12260 :     while (nWordCount)
    2135             :     {
    2136             :         // Pick-up a multiple of 8 as max chunk size.
    2137        6130 :         const int nWordCountSmall =
    2138        6130 :             (nWordCount > (1 << 30)) ? (1 << 30) : static_cast<int>(nWordCount);
    2139        6130 :         GDALSwapWords(pabyData, nWordSize, nWordCountSmall, nWordSkip);
    2140        6130 :         pabyData += static_cast<size_t>(nWordSkip) * nWordCountSmall;
    2141        6130 :         nWordCount -= nWordCountSmall;
    2142             :     }
    2143        6130 : }
    2144             : 
    2145             : // Place the new GDALCopyWords helpers in an anonymous namespace
    2146             : namespace
    2147             : {
    2148             : 
    2149             : /************************************************************************/
    2150             : /*                           GDALCopyWordsT()                           */
    2151             : /************************************************************************/
    2152             : /**
    2153             :  * Template function, used to copy data from pSrcData into buffer
    2154             :  * pDstData, with stride nSrcPixelStride in the source data and
    2155             :  * stride nDstPixelStride in the destination data. This template can
    2156             :  * deal with the case where the input data type is real or complex and
    2157             :  * the output is real.
    2158             :  *
    2159             :  * @param pSrcData the source data buffer
    2160             :  * @param nSrcPixelStride the stride, in the buffer pSrcData for pixels
    2161             :  *                      of interest.
    2162             :  * @param pDstData the destination buffer.
    2163             :  * @param nDstPixelStride the stride in the buffer pDstData for pixels of
    2164             :  *                      interest.
    2165             :  * @param nWordCount the total number of pixel words to copy
    2166             :  *
    2167             :  * @code
    2168             :  * // Assume an input buffer of type GUInt16 named pBufferIn
    2169             :  * GByte *pBufferOut = new GByte[numBytesOut];
    2170             :  * GDALCopyWordsT<GUInt16, GByte>(pSrcData, 2, pDstData, 1, numBytesOut);
    2171             :  * @endcode
    2172             :  * @note
    2173             :  * This is a private function, and should not be exposed outside of
    2174             :  * rasterio.cpp. External users should call the GDALCopyWords driver function.
    2175             :  */
    2176             : 
    2177             : template <class Tin, class Tout>
    2178    49014325 : static void inline GDALCopyWordsGenericT(const Tin *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2179             :                                          int nSrcPixelStride,
    2180             :                                          Tout *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2181             :                                          int nDstPixelStride,
    2182             :                                          GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2183             : {
    2184    49014325 :     decltype(nWordCount) nDstOffset = 0;
    2185             : 
    2186    49014325 :     const char *const pSrcDataPtr = reinterpret_cast<const char *>(pSrcData);
    2187    49014325 :     char *const pDstDataPtr = reinterpret_cast<char *>(pDstData);
    2188   356710337 :     for (decltype(nWordCount) n = 0; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2189             :     {
    2190   307695964 :         const Tin tValue =
    2191   307695964 :             *reinterpret_cast<const Tin *>(pSrcDataPtr + (n * nSrcPixelStride));
    2192   307695964 :         Tout *const pOutPixel =
    2193   307695964 :             reinterpret_cast<Tout *>(pDstDataPtr + nDstOffset);
    2194             : 
    2195   307695964 :         GDALCopyWord(tValue, *pOutPixel);
    2196             : 
    2197   307695964 :         nDstOffset += nDstPixelStride;
    2198             :     }
    2199    49014325 : }
    2200             : 
    2201             : template <class Tin, class Tout>
    2202    29777128 : static void CPL_NOINLINE GDALCopyWordsT(const Tin *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2203             :                                         int nSrcPixelStride,
    2204             :                                         Tout *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2205             :                                         int nDstPixelStride,
    2206             :                                         GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2207             : {
    2208    29777128 :     GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData, nDstPixelStride,
    2209             :                           nWordCount);
    2210    29777128 : }
    2211             : 
    2212             : template <class Tin, class Tout>
    2213     5101323 : static void inline GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(
    2214             :     const Tin *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData, int nSrcPixelStride,
    2215             :     Tout *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData, int nDstPixelStride,
    2216             :     GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2217             : {
    2218     5101323 :     decltype(nWordCount) nDstOffset = 0;
    2219             : 
    2220     5101323 :     const char *const pSrcDataPtr = reinterpret_cast<const char *>(pSrcData);
    2221     5101323 :     char *const pDstDataPtr = reinterpret_cast<char *>(pDstData);
    2222     5101323 :     decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2223     5101323 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(Tin)) &&
    2224             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(Tout)))
    2225             :     {
    2226    53187487 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 7; n += 8)
    2227             :         {
    2228    52636036 :             const Tin *pInValues = reinterpret_cast<const Tin *>(
    2229    52636036 :                 pSrcDataPtr + (n * nSrcPixelStride));
    2230    52636036 :             Tout *const pOutPixels =
    2231    52636036 :                 reinterpret_cast<Tout *>(pDstDataPtr + nDstOffset);
    2232             : 
    2233    52636036 :             GDALCopy8Words(pInValues, pOutPixels);
    2234             : 
    2235    52636036 :             nDstOffset += 8 * nDstPixelStride;
    2236             :         }
    2237             :     }
    2238    10498785 :     for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2239             :     {
    2240     5397472 :         const Tin tValue =
    2241     5397472 :             *reinterpret_cast<const Tin *>(pSrcDataPtr + (n * nSrcPixelStride));
    2242     5397472 :         Tout *const pOutPixel =
    2243     5397472 :             reinterpret_cast<Tout *>(pDstDataPtr + nDstOffset);
    2244             : 
    2245     5397472 :         GDALCopyWord(tValue, *pOutPixel);
    2246             : 
    2247     5397472 :         nDstOffset += nDstPixelStride;
    2248             :     }
    2249     5101323 : }
    2250             : 
    2251             : #ifdef HAVE_SSE2
    2252             : 
    2253             : template <class Tout>
    2254     1042126 : void GDALCopyWordsByteTo16Bit(const GByte *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2255             :                               int nSrcPixelStride,
    2256             :                               Tout *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2257             :                               int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2258             : {
    2259             :     static_assert(std::is_integral<Tout>::value &&
    2260             :                       sizeof(Tout) == sizeof(uint16_t),
    2261             :                   "Bad Tout");
    2262     1042126 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2263             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2264             :     {
    2265       35752 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2266       35752 :         const __m128i xmm_zero = _mm_setzero_si128();
    2267       35752 :         GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDstDataPtr =
    2268             :             reinterpret_cast<GByte *>(pDstData);
    2269     1478148 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 15; n += 16)
    2270             :         {
    2271     1442396 :             __m128i xmm = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2272     1442396 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2273     1442396 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_unpacklo_epi8(xmm, xmm_zero);
    2274     1442396 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_unpackhi_epi8(xmm, xmm_zero);
    2275             :             _mm_storeu_si128(
    2276     1442396 :                 reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 2), xmm0);
    2277             :             _mm_storeu_si128(
    2278     1442396 :                 reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 2 + 16), xmm1);
    2279             :         }
    2280      111662 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2281             :         {
    2282       75910 :             pDstData[n] = pSrcData[n];
    2283       35752 :         }
    2284             :     }
    2285             :     else
    2286             :     {
    2287     1006371 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2288             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2289             :     }
    2290     1042126 : }
    2291             : 
    2292             : template <>
    2293     1029400 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const GByte *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2294             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2295             :                                  GUInt16 *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2296             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2297             : {
    2298     1029400 :     GDALCopyWordsByteTo16Bit(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2299             :                              nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2300     1029400 : }
    2301             : 
    2302             : template <>
    2303       12726 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const GByte *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2304             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2305             :                                  GInt16 *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2306             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2307             : {
    2308       12726 :     GDALCopyWordsByteTo16Bit(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2309             :                              nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2310       12726 : }
    2311             : 
    2312             : template <class Tout>
    2313    16237376 : void GDALCopyWordsByteTo32Bit(const GByte *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2314             :                               int nSrcPixelStride,
    2315             :                               Tout *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2316             :                               int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2317             : {
    2318             :     static_assert(std::is_integral<Tout>::value &&
    2319             :                       sizeof(Tout) == sizeof(uint32_t),
    2320             :                   "Bad Tout");
    2321    16237376 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2322             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2323             :     {
    2324     6532886 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2325     6532886 :         const __m128i xmm_zero = _mm_setzero_si128();
    2326     6532886 :         GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDstDataPtr =
    2327             :             reinterpret_cast<GByte *>(pDstData);
    2328    74248527 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 15; n += 16)
    2329             :         {
    2330    67715661 :             __m128i xmm = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2331    67715661 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2332    67715661 :             __m128i xmm_low = _mm_unpacklo_epi8(xmm, xmm_zero);
    2333    67715661 :             __m128i xmm_high = _mm_unpackhi_epi8(xmm, xmm_zero);
    2334    67715661 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(xmm_low, xmm_zero);
    2335    67715661 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_unpackhi_epi16(xmm_low, xmm_zero);
    2336    67715661 :             __m128i xmm2 = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(xmm_high, xmm_zero);
    2337    67715661 :             __m128i xmm3 = _mm_unpackhi_epi16(xmm_high, xmm_zero);
    2338             :             _mm_storeu_si128(
    2339    67715661 :                 reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 4), xmm0);
    2340             :             _mm_storeu_si128(
    2341    67715661 :                 reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 4 + 16), xmm1);
    2342             :             _mm_storeu_si128(
    2343    67715661 :                 reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 4 + 32), xmm2);
    2344             :             _mm_storeu_si128(
    2345    67715661 :                 reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 4 + 48), xmm3);
    2346             :         }
    2347    14828116 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2348             :         {
    2349     8295270 :             pDstData[n] = pSrcData[n];
    2350     6532886 :         }
    2351             :     }
    2352             :     else
    2353             :     {
    2354     9704510 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2355             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2356             :     }
    2357    16237376 : }
    2358             : 
    2359             : template <>
    2360         476 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const GByte *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2361             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2362             :                                  GUInt32 *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2363             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2364             : {
    2365         476 :     GDALCopyWordsByteTo32Bit(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2366             :                              nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2367         476 : }
    2368             : 
    2369             : template <>
    2370    16236900 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const GByte *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2371             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2372             :                                  GInt32 *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2373             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2374             : {
    2375    16236900 :     GDALCopyWordsByteTo32Bit(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2376             :                              nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2377    16236900 : }
    2378             : 
    2379             : template <>
    2380     2851030 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const GByte *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2381             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2382             :                                  float *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2383             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2384             : {
    2385     2851030 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2386             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2387             :     {
    2388      228149 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2389      228149 :         const __m128i xmm_zero = _mm_setzero_si128();
    2390      228149 :         GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDstDataPtr =
    2391             :             reinterpret_cast<GByte *>(pDstData);
    2392     2267080 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 15; n += 16)
    2393             :         {
    2394     2038930 :             __m128i xmm = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2395     2038930 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2396     2038930 :             __m128i xmm_low = _mm_unpacklo_epi8(xmm, xmm_zero);
    2397     2038930 :             __m128i xmm_high = _mm_unpackhi_epi8(xmm, xmm_zero);
    2398     2038930 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(xmm_low, xmm_zero);
    2399     2038930 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_unpackhi_epi16(xmm_low, xmm_zero);
    2400     2038930 :             __m128i xmm2 = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(xmm_high, xmm_zero);
    2401     2038930 :             __m128i xmm3 = _mm_unpackhi_epi16(xmm_high, xmm_zero);
    2402     2038930 :             __m128 xmm0_f = _mm_cvtepi32_ps(xmm0);
    2403     2038930 :             __m128 xmm1_f = _mm_cvtepi32_ps(xmm1);
    2404     2038930 :             __m128 xmm2_f = _mm_cvtepi32_ps(xmm2);
    2405     2038930 :             __m128 xmm3_f = _mm_cvtepi32_ps(xmm3);
    2406     2038930 :             _mm_storeu_ps(reinterpret_cast<float *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 4),
    2407             :                           xmm0_f);
    2408             :             _mm_storeu_ps(
    2409     2038930 :                 reinterpret_cast<float *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 4 + 16), xmm1_f);
    2410             :             _mm_storeu_ps(
    2411     2038930 :                 reinterpret_cast<float *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 4 + 32), xmm2_f);
    2412             :             _mm_storeu_ps(
    2413     2038930 :                 reinterpret_cast<float *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 4 + 48), xmm3_f);
    2414             :         }
    2415      951237 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2416             :         {
    2417      723088 :             pDstData[n] = pSrcData[n];
    2418      228149 :         }
    2419             :     }
    2420             :     else
    2421             :     {
    2422     2622880 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2423             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2424             :     }
    2425     2851030 : }
    2426             : 
    2427             : template <>
    2428      170938 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const GByte *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2429             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2430             :                                  double *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2431             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2432             : {
    2433      170938 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2434             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2435             :     {
    2436      147140 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2437      147140 :         const __m128i xmm_zero = _mm_setzero_si128();
    2438      147140 :         GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDstDataPtr =
    2439             :             reinterpret_cast<GByte *>(pDstData);
    2440     3127410 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 15; n += 16)
    2441             :         {
    2442     2980270 :             __m128i xmm = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2443     2980270 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2444     2980270 :             __m128i xmm_low = _mm_unpacklo_epi8(xmm, xmm_zero);
    2445     2980270 :             __m128i xmm_high = _mm_unpackhi_epi8(xmm, xmm_zero);
    2446     2980270 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(xmm_low, xmm_zero);
    2447     2980270 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_unpackhi_epi16(xmm_low, xmm_zero);
    2448     2980270 :             __m128i xmm2 = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(xmm_high, xmm_zero);
    2449     2980270 :             __m128i xmm3 = _mm_unpackhi_epi16(xmm_high, xmm_zero);
    2450             : 
    2451             : #if defined(__AVX2__) && defined(slightly_slower_than_SSE2)
    2452             :             _mm256_storeu_pd(reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8),
    2453             :                              _mm256_cvtepi32_pd(xmm0));
    2454             :             _mm256_storeu_pd(
    2455             :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 32),
    2456             :                 _mm256_cvtepi32_pd(xmm1));
    2457             :             _mm256_storeu_pd(
    2458             :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 64),
    2459             :                 _mm256_cvtepi32_pd(xmm2));
    2460             :             _mm256_storeu_pd(
    2461             :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 96),
    2462             :                 _mm256_cvtepi32_pd(xmm3));
    2463             : #else
    2464     2980270 :             __m128d xmm0_low_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm0);
    2465     2980270 :             __m128d xmm1_low_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm1);
    2466     2980270 :             __m128d xmm2_low_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm2);
    2467     2980270 :             __m128d xmm3_low_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm3);
    2468     2980270 :             xmm0 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm0, 8);
    2469     2980270 :             xmm1 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm1, 8);
    2470     2980270 :             xmm2 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm2, 8);
    2471     2980270 :             xmm3 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm3, 8);
    2472     2980270 :             __m128d xmm0_high_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm0);
    2473     2980270 :             __m128d xmm1_high_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm1);
    2474     2980270 :             __m128d xmm2_high_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm2);
    2475     2980270 :             __m128d xmm3_high_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm3);
    2476             : 
    2477     2980270 :             _mm_storeu_pd(reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8),
    2478             :                           xmm0_low_d);
    2479             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2480     2980270 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 16),
    2481             :                 xmm0_high_d);
    2482             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2483     2980270 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 32),
    2484             :                 xmm1_low_d);
    2485             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2486     2980270 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 48),
    2487             :                 xmm1_high_d);
    2488             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2489     2980270 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 64),
    2490             :                 xmm2_low_d);
    2491             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2492     2980270 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 80),
    2493             :                 xmm2_high_d);
    2494             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2495     2980270 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 96),
    2496             :                 xmm3_low_d);
    2497             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2498     2980270 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 112),
    2499             :                 xmm3_high_d);
    2500             : #endif
    2501             :         }
    2502      280823 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2503             :         {
    2504      133683 :             pDstData[n] = pSrcData[n];
    2505      147140 :         }
    2506             :     }
    2507             :     else
    2508             :     {
    2509       23798 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2510             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2511             :     }
    2512      170938 : }
    2513             : 
    2514             : template <>
    2515         148 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const uint8_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2516             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2517             :                                  int8_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2518             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2519             : {
    2520         148 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2521             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2522             :     {
    2523         142 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2524         142 :         const __m128i xmm_127 = _mm_set1_epi8(127);
    2525         146 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 31; n += 32)
    2526             :         {
    2527           8 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2528           4 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2529           4 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2530           4 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n + 16));
    2531           4 :             xmm0 = _mm_min_epu8(xmm0, xmm_127);
    2532           4 :             xmm1 = _mm_min_epu8(xmm1, xmm_127);
    2533           4 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n), xmm0);
    2534           4 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n + 16),
    2535             :                              xmm1);
    2536             :         }
    2537        2424 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2538             :         {
    2539        2282 :             pDstData[n] =
    2540        2282 :                 pSrcData[n] >= 127 ? 127 : static_cast<int8_t>(pSrcData[n]);
    2541         142 :         }
    2542             :     }
    2543             :     else
    2544             :     {
    2545           6 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2546             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2547             :     }
    2548         148 : }
    2549             : 
    2550             : template <>
    2551          62 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const int8_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2552             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2553             :                                  uint8_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2554             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2555             : {
    2556          62 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2557             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2558             :     {
    2559          56 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2560             : #if !(defined(__SSE4_1__) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS))
    2561          56 :         const __m128i xmm_INT8_to_UINT8 = _mm_set1_epi8(-128);
    2562             : #endif
    2563         117 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 31; n += 32)
    2564             :         {
    2565         122 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2566          61 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2567          61 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2568          61 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n + 16));
    2569             : #if defined(__SSE4_1__) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
    2570             :             xmm0 = _mm_max_epi8(xmm0, _mm_setzero_si128());
    2571             :             xmm1 = _mm_max_epi8(xmm1, _mm_setzero_si128());
    2572             : #else
    2573          61 :             xmm0 = _mm_add_epi8(xmm0, xmm_INT8_to_UINT8);
    2574          61 :             xmm1 = _mm_add_epi8(xmm1, xmm_INT8_to_UINT8);
    2575          61 :             xmm0 = _mm_max_epu8(xmm0, xmm_INT8_to_UINT8);
    2576          61 :             xmm1 = _mm_max_epu8(xmm1, xmm_INT8_to_UINT8);
    2577          61 :             xmm0 = _mm_sub_epi8(xmm0, xmm_INT8_to_UINT8);
    2578          61 :             xmm1 = _mm_sub_epi8(xmm1, xmm_INT8_to_UINT8);
    2579             : #endif
    2580          61 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n), xmm0);
    2581          61 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n + 16),
    2582             :                              xmm1);
    2583             :         }
    2584         352 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2585             :         {
    2586         296 :             pDstData[n] =
    2587         296 :                 pSrcData[n] < 0 ? 0 : static_cast<uint8_t>(pSrcData[n]);
    2588          56 :         }
    2589             :     }
    2590             :     else
    2591             :     {
    2592           6 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2593             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2594             :     }
    2595          62 : }
    2596             : 
    2597             : template <>
    2598        6037 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const uint16_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2599             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2600             :                                  uint8_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2601             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2602             : {
    2603        6037 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2604             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2605             :     {
    2606        5062 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2607             : #if defined(__SSE4_1__) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
    2608             :         const auto xmm_MAX_INT16 = _mm_set1_epi16(32767);
    2609             : #else
    2610             :         // In SSE2, min_epu16 does not exist, so shift from
    2611             :         // UInt16 to SInt16 to be able to use min_epi16
    2612        5062 :         const __m128i xmm_UINT16_to_INT16 = _mm_set1_epi16(-32768);
    2613        5062 :         const __m128i xmm_m255_shifted = _mm_set1_epi16(255 - 32768);
    2614             : #endif
    2615       71888 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 15; n += 16)
    2616             :         {
    2617      133652 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2618       66826 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2619       66826 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2620       66826 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n + 8));
    2621             : #if defined(__SSE4_1__) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
    2622             :             xmm0 = _mm_min_epu16(xmm0, xmm_MAX_INT16);
    2623             :             xmm1 = _mm_min_epu16(xmm1, xmm_MAX_INT16);
    2624             : #else
    2625       66826 :             xmm0 = _mm_add_epi16(xmm0, xmm_UINT16_to_INT16);
    2626       66826 :             xmm1 = _mm_add_epi16(xmm1, xmm_UINT16_to_INT16);
    2627       66826 :             xmm0 = _mm_min_epi16(xmm0, xmm_m255_shifted);
    2628       66826 :             xmm1 = _mm_min_epi16(xmm1, xmm_m255_shifted);
    2629       66826 :             xmm0 = _mm_sub_epi16(xmm0, xmm_UINT16_to_INT16);
    2630       66826 :             xmm1 = _mm_sub_epi16(xmm1, xmm_UINT16_to_INT16);
    2631             : #endif
    2632       66826 :             xmm0 = _mm_packus_epi16(xmm0, xmm1);
    2633       66826 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n), xmm0);
    2634             :         }
    2635       16403 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2636             :         {
    2637       11341 :             pDstData[n] =
    2638       11341 :                 pSrcData[n] >= 255 ? 255 : static_cast<uint8_t>(pSrcData[n]);
    2639        5062 :         }
    2640             :     }
    2641             :     else
    2642             :     {
    2643         975 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2644             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2645             :     }
    2646        6037 : }
    2647             : 
    2648             : template <>
    2649          46 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const uint16_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2650             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2651             :                                  int16_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2652             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2653             : {
    2654          46 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2655             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2656             :     {
    2657          40 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2658             : #if defined(__SSE4_1__) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
    2659             :         const __m128i xmm_MAX_INT16 = _mm_set1_epi16(32767);
    2660             : #else
    2661             :         // In SSE2, min_epu16 does not exist, so shift from
    2662             :         // UInt16 to SInt16 to be able to use min_epi16
    2663          40 :         const __m128i xmm_UINT16_to_INT16 = _mm_set1_epi16(-32768);
    2664          40 :         const __m128i xmm_32767_shifted = _mm_set1_epi16(32767 - 32768);
    2665             : #endif
    2666         169 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 15; n += 16)
    2667             :         {
    2668         258 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2669         129 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2670         129 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2671         129 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n + 8));
    2672             : #if defined(__SSE4_1__) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
    2673             :             xmm0 = _mm_min_epu16(xmm0, xmm_MAX_INT16);
    2674             :             xmm1 = _mm_min_epu16(xmm1, xmm_MAX_INT16);
    2675             : #else
    2676         129 :             xmm0 = _mm_add_epi16(xmm0, xmm_UINT16_to_INT16);
    2677         129 :             xmm1 = _mm_add_epi16(xmm1, xmm_UINT16_to_INT16);
    2678         129 :             xmm0 = _mm_min_epi16(xmm0, xmm_32767_shifted);
    2679         129 :             xmm1 = _mm_min_epi16(xmm1, xmm_32767_shifted);
    2680         129 :             xmm0 = _mm_sub_epi16(xmm0, xmm_UINT16_to_INT16);
    2681         129 :             xmm1 = _mm_sub_epi16(xmm1, xmm_UINT16_to_INT16);
    2682             : #endif
    2683         129 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n), xmm0);
    2684         129 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n + 8),
    2685             :                              xmm1);
    2686             :         }
    2687         191 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2688             :         {
    2689         282 :             pDstData[n] = pSrcData[n] >= 32767
    2690             :                               ? 32767
    2691         131 :                               : static_cast<int16_t>(pSrcData[n]);
    2692          40 :         }
    2693             :     }
    2694             :     else
    2695             :     {
    2696           6 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2697             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2698             :     }
    2699          46 : }
    2700             : 
    2701             : template <>
    2702         136 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const int16_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2703             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2704             :                                  uint16_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2705             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2706             : {
    2707         136 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2708             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2709             :     {
    2710          93 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2711          93 :         const __m128i xmm_zero = _mm_setzero_si128();
    2712         278 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 15; n += 16)
    2713             :         {
    2714         370 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2715         185 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2716         185 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2717         185 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n + 8));
    2718         185 :             xmm0 = _mm_max_epi16(xmm0, xmm_zero);
    2719         185 :             xmm1 = _mm_max_epi16(xmm1, xmm_zero);
    2720         185 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n), xmm0);
    2721         185 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n + 8),
    2722             :                              xmm1);
    2723             :         }
    2724         471 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2725             :         {
    2726         378 :             pDstData[n] =
    2727         378 :                 pSrcData[n] < 0 ? 0 : static_cast<uint16_t>(pSrcData[n]);
    2728          93 :         }
    2729             :     }
    2730             :     else
    2731             :     {
    2732          43 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2733             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2734             :     }
    2735         136 : }
    2736             : 
    2737             : #if defined(__SSE4_1__) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
    2738             : 
    2739             : template <>
    2740             : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const uint32_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2741             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2742             :                                  int32_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2743             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2744             : {
    2745             :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2746             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2747             :     {
    2748             :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2749             :         const __m128i xmm_MAX_INT = _mm_set1_epi32(INT_MAX);
    2750             :         for (; n < nWordCount - 8; n += 7)
    2751             :         {
    2752             :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2753             :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2754             :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2755             :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n + 4));
    2756             :             xmm0 = _mm_min_epu32(xmm0, xmm_MAX_INT);
    2757             :             xmm1 = _mm_min_epu32(xmm1, xmm_MAX_INT);
    2758             :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n), xmm0);
    2759             :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n + 4),
    2760             :                              xmm1);
    2761             :         }
    2762             :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2763             :         {
    2764             :             pDstData[n] = pSrcData[n] >= INT_MAX
    2765             :                               ? INT_MAX
    2766             :                               : static_cast<int32_t>(pSrcData[n]);
    2767             :         }
    2768             :     }
    2769             :     else
    2770             :     {
    2771             :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2772             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2773             :     }
    2774             : }
    2775             : 
    2776             : template <>
    2777             : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const int32_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2778             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2779             :                                  uint32_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2780             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2781             : {
    2782             :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2783             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2784             :     {
    2785             :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2786             :         const __m128i xmm_zero = _mm_setzero_si128();
    2787             :         for (; n < nWordCount - 7; n += 8)
    2788             :         {
    2789             :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2790             :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2791             :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2792             :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n + 4));
    2793             :             xmm0 = _mm_max_epi32(xmm0, xmm_zero);
    2794             :             xmm1 = _mm_max_epi32(xmm1, xmm_zero);
    2795             :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n), xmm0);
    2796             :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n + 4),
    2797             :                              xmm1);
    2798             :         }
    2799             :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2800             :         {
    2801             :             pDstData[n] =
    2802             :                 pSrcData[n] < 0 ? 0 : static_cast<uint32_t>(pSrcData[n]);
    2803             :         }
    2804             :     }
    2805             :     else
    2806             :     {
    2807             :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2808             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2809             :     }
    2810             : }
    2811             : 
    2812             : #endif  // defined(__SSE4_1__) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
    2813             : 
    2814             : template <>
    2815         403 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const uint16_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2816             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2817             :                                  float *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2818             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2819             : {
    2820         403 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2821             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2822             :     {
    2823         397 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2824         397 :         const __m128i xmm_zero = _mm_setzero_si128();
    2825         397 :         GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDstDataPtr =
    2826             :             reinterpret_cast<GByte *>(pDstData);
    2827        1688 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 7; n += 8)
    2828             :         {
    2829        1291 :             __m128i xmm = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2830        1291 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2831        1291 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(xmm, xmm_zero);
    2832        1291 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_unpackhi_epi16(xmm, xmm_zero);
    2833        1291 :             __m128 xmm0_f = _mm_cvtepi32_ps(xmm0);
    2834        1291 :             __m128 xmm1_f = _mm_cvtepi32_ps(xmm1);
    2835        1291 :             _mm_storeu_ps(reinterpret_cast<float *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 4),
    2836             :                           xmm0_f);
    2837             :             _mm_storeu_ps(
    2838        1291 :                 reinterpret_cast<float *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 4 + 16), xmm1_f);
    2839             :         }
    2840        1415 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2841             :         {
    2842        1018 :             pDstData[n] = pSrcData[n];
    2843         397 :         }
    2844             :     }
    2845             :     else
    2846             :     {
    2847           6 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2848             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2849             :     }
    2850         403 : }
    2851             : 
    2852             : template <>
    2853     1076640 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const int16_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2854             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2855             :                                  float *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2856             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2857             : {
    2858     1076640 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2859             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2860             :     {
    2861       86742 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2862       86742 :         GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDstDataPtr =
    2863             :             reinterpret_cast<GByte *>(pDstData);
    2864      586119 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 7; n += 8)
    2865             :         {
    2866      499377 :             __m128i xmm = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2867      499377 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2868      499377 :             const auto sign = _mm_srai_epi16(xmm, 15);
    2869      499377 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(xmm, sign);
    2870      499377 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_unpackhi_epi16(xmm, sign);
    2871      499377 :             __m128 xmm0_f = _mm_cvtepi32_ps(xmm0);
    2872      499377 :             __m128 xmm1_f = _mm_cvtepi32_ps(xmm1);
    2873      499377 :             _mm_storeu_ps(reinterpret_cast<float *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 4),
    2874             :                           xmm0_f);
    2875             :             _mm_storeu_ps(
    2876      499377 :                 reinterpret_cast<float *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 4 + 16), xmm1_f);
    2877             :         }
    2878      253882 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2879             :         {
    2880      167140 :             pDstData[n] = pSrcData[n];
    2881       86742 :         }
    2882             :     }
    2883             :     else
    2884             :     {
    2885      989901 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2886             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2887             :     }
    2888     1076640 : }
    2889             : 
    2890             : template <>
    2891         449 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const uint16_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2892             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2893             :                                  double *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2894             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2895             : {
    2896         449 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2897             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2898             :     {
    2899         313 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2900         313 :         const __m128i xmm_zero = _mm_setzero_si128();
    2901         313 :         GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDstDataPtr =
    2902             :             reinterpret_cast<GByte *>(pDstData);
    2903         829 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 7; n += 8)
    2904             :         {
    2905         516 :             __m128i xmm = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2906         516 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2907         516 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(xmm, xmm_zero);
    2908         516 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_unpackhi_epi16(xmm, xmm_zero);
    2909             : 
    2910         516 :             __m128d xmm0_low_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm0);
    2911         516 :             __m128d xmm1_low_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm1);
    2912         516 :             xmm0 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm0, 8);
    2913         516 :             xmm1 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm1, 8);
    2914         516 :             __m128d xmm0_high_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm0);
    2915         516 :             __m128d xmm1_high_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm1);
    2916             : 
    2917         516 :             _mm_storeu_pd(reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8),
    2918             :                           xmm0_low_d);
    2919             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2920         516 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 16),
    2921             :                 xmm0_high_d);
    2922             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2923         516 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 32),
    2924             :                 xmm1_low_d);
    2925             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2926         516 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 48),
    2927             :                 xmm1_high_d);
    2928             :         }
    2929        1082 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2930             :         {
    2931         769 :             pDstData[n] = pSrcData[n];
    2932         313 :         }
    2933             :     }
    2934             :     else
    2935             :     {
    2936         136 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2937             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2938             :     }
    2939         449 : }
    2940             : 
    2941             : template <>
    2942     4923280 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const int16_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    2943             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    2944             :                                  double *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    2945             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    2946             : {
    2947     4923280 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    2948             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    2949             :     {
    2950       34874 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    2951       34874 :         GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDstDataPtr =
    2952             :             reinterpret_cast<GByte *>(pDstData);
    2953      403828 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 7; n += 8)
    2954             :         {
    2955      368954 :             __m128i xmm = _mm_loadu_si128(
    2956      368954 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    2957      368954 :             const auto sign = _mm_srai_epi16(xmm, 15);
    2958      368954 :             __m128i xmm0 = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(xmm, sign);
    2959      368954 :             __m128i xmm1 = _mm_unpackhi_epi16(xmm, sign);
    2960             : 
    2961      368954 :             __m128d xmm0_low_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm0);
    2962      368954 :             __m128d xmm1_low_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm1);
    2963      368954 :             xmm0 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm0, 8);
    2964      368954 :             xmm1 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm1, 8);
    2965      368954 :             __m128d xmm0_high_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm0);
    2966      368954 :             __m128d xmm1_high_d = _mm_cvtepi32_pd(xmm1);
    2967             : 
    2968      368954 :             _mm_storeu_pd(reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8),
    2969             :                           xmm0_low_d);
    2970             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2971      368954 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 16),
    2972             :                 xmm0_high_d);
    2973             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2974      368954 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 32),
    2975             :                 xmm1_low_d);
    2976             :             _mm_storeu_pd(
    2977      368954 :                 reinterpret_cast<double *>(pabyDstDataPtr + n * 8 + 48),
    2978             :                 xmm1_high_d);
    2979             :         }
    2980      255934 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    2981             :         {
    2982      221060 :             pDstData[n] = pSrcData[n];
    2983       34874 :         }
    2984             :     }
    2985             :     else
    2986             :     {
    2987     4888400 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    2988             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    2989             :     }
    2990     4923280 : }
    2991             : 
    2992             : // ---- AVX2 helpers for int32 narrowing (runtime dispatch) ----
    2993             : 
    2994             : #if defined(HAVE_AVX2_DISPATCH)
    2995             : #if !defined(_MSC_VER)
    2996             : __attribute__((target("avx2")))
    2997             : #endif
    2998       12723 : static void GDALCopyWordsInt32ToUInt8_AVX2(const int32_t *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    2999             :                                            uint8_t *CPL_RESTRICT pDst,
    3000             :                                            GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3001             : {
    3002       12723 :     const __m256i permuteIdx = _mm256_setr_epi32(0, 4, 1, 5, 2, 6, 3, 7);
    3003       12723 :     GPtrDiff_t n = 0;
    3004      958119 :     for (; n < nWordCount - 31; n += 32)
    3005             :     {
    3006             :         __m256i v0 =
    3007      945396 :             _mm256_loadu_si256(reinterpret_cast<const __m256i *>(pSrc + n));
    3008             :         __m256i v1 =
    3009      945396 :             _mm256_loadu_si256(reinterpret_cast<const __m256i *>(pSrc + n + 8));
    3010      945396 :         __m256i v2 = _mm256_loadu_si256(
    3011      945396 :             reinterpret_cast<const __m256i *>(pSrc + n + 16));
    3012      945396 :         __m256i v3 = _mm256_loadu_si256(
    3013      945396 :             reinterpret_cast<const __m256i *>(pSrc + n + 24));
    3014             :         // Clamp to [0, 255]
    3015             :         // Pack int32 -> int16 -> uint8, then fix cross-lane ordering
    3016      945396 :         __m256i ab16 = _mm256_packs_epi32(v0, v1);
    3017      945396 :         __m256i cd16 = _mm256_packs_epi32(v2, v3);
    3018      945396 :         __m256i bytes = _mm256_packus_epi16(ab16, cd16);
    3019      945396 :         bytes = _mm256_permutevar8x32_epi32(bytes, permuteIdx);
    3020      945396 :         _mm256_storeu_si256(reinterpret_cast<__m256i *>(pDst + n), bytes);
    3021             :     }
    3022       68589 :     for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    3023             :     {
    3024       70955 :         pDst[n] = pSrc[n] <= 0     ? 0
    3025       15089 :                   : pSrc[n] >= 255 ? 255
    3026        1075 :                                    : static_cast<uint8_t>(pSrc[n]);
    3027             :     }
    3028       12723 : }
    3029             : 
    3030             : #if !defined(_MSC_VER)
    3031             : __attribute__((target("avx2")))
    3032             : #endif
    3033       10277 : static void GDALCopyWordsInt32ToUInt16_AVX2(const int32_t *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    3034             :                                             uint16_t *CPL_RESTRICT pDst,
    3035             :                                             GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3036             : {
    3037             :     // _mm256_packus_epi32(v0, v1) produces per-lane interleaved result:
    3038             :     //   [v0_lo4, v1_lo4, v0_hi4, v1_hi4] (in uint16 pairs per 32-bit lane)
    3039             :     // Permute to deinterleave: all v0 values first, then all v1 values
    3040       10277 :     const __m256i permuteIdx = _mm256_setr_epi32(0, 1, 4, 5, 2, 3, 6, 7);
    3041       10277 :     GPtrDiff_t n = 0;
    3042      670572 :     for (; n < nWordCount - 15; n += 16)
    3043             :     {
    3044             :         __m256i v0 =
    3045      660295 :             _mm256_loadu_si256(reinterpret_cast<const __m256i *>(pSrc + n));
    3046             :         __m256i v1 =
    3047     1320590 :             _mm256_loadu_si256(reinterpret_cast<const __m256i *>(pSrc + n + 8));
    3048             :         // Clamp to [0, 65535]: _mm256_packus_epi32 saturates uint
    3049      660295 :         __m256i packed = _mm256_packus_epi32(v0, v1);
    3050             :         // Fix cross-lane interleave from packus
    3051      660295 :         packed = _mm256_permutevar8x32_epi32(packed, permuteIdx);
    3052      660295 :         _mm256_storeu_si256(reinterpret_cast<__m256i *>(pDst + n), packed);
    3053             :     }
    3054      163928 :     for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    3055             :     {
    3056      307282 :         pDst[n] = pSrc[n] <= 0       ? 0
    3057      153631 :                   : pSrc[n] >= 65535 ? 65535
    3058      153599 :                                      : static_cast<uint16_t>(pSrc[n]);
    3059             :     }
    3060       10277 : }
    3061             : #endif  // HAVE_AVX2_DISPATCH
    3062             : 
    3063             : // ---- int32 -> uint8 with clamping to [0, 255] ----
    3064             : template <>
    3065       12837 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const int32_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3066             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3067             :                                  uint8_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3068             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3069             : {
    3070       12837 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    3071             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    3072             :     {
    3073             : #if defined(HAVE_AVX2_DISPATCH)
    3074       12723 :         if (CPLHaveRuntimeAVX2())
    3075             :         {
    3076       12723 :             GDALCopyWordsInt32ToUInt8_AVX2(pSrcData, pDstData, nWordCount);
    3077       12723 :             return;
    3078             :         }
    3079             : #endif
    3080             : #ifdef HAVE_SSE2
    3081             :         // SSE2 path: 16 pixels per iteration
    3082           0 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    3083           0 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 15; n += 16)
    3084             :         {
    3085           0 :             __m128i v0 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    3086           0 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    3087           0 :             __m128i v1 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    3088           0 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n + 4));
    3089           0 :             __m128i v2 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    3090           0 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n + 8));
    3091           0 :             __m128i v3 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    3092           0 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n + 12));
    3093             :             // Pack int32->int16 with signed saturation to [-32768,32767] range
    3094           0 :             __m128i lo16 = _mm_packs_epi32(v0, v1);
    3095           0 :             __m128i hi16 = _mm_packs_epi32(v2, v3);
    3096             :             // Pack int16->uint8 with unsigned saturation to [0,255] range
    3097           0 :             __m128i bytes = _mm_packus_epi16(lo16, hi16);
    3098           0 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n), bytes);
    3099             :         }
    3100           0 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    3101             : #else
    3102             :         for (decltype(nWordCount) n = 0; n < nWordCount; n++)
    3103             : #endif
    3104             :         {
    3105           0 :             pDstData[n] = pSrcData[n] <= 0 ? 0
    3106           0 :                           : pSrcData[n] >= 255
    3107             :                               ? 255
    3108           0 :                               : static_cast<uint8_t>(pSrcData[n]);
    3109           0 :         }
    3110             :     }
    3111             :     else
    3112             :     {
    3113         114 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3114             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3115             :     }
    3116             : }
    3117             : 
    3118             : // ---- int32 -> uint16 with clamping to [0, 65535] ----
    3119             : template <>
    3120       10322 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const int32_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3121             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3122             :                                  uint16_t *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3123             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3124             : {
    3125       10322 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pSrcData)) &&
    3126             :         nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(*pDstData)))
    3127             :     {
    3128             : #if defined(HAVE_AVX2_DISPATCH)
    3129       10277 :         if (CPLHaveRuntimeAVX2())
    3130             :         {
    3131       10277 :             GDALCopyWordsInt32ToUInt16_AVX2(pSrcData, pDstData, nWordCount);
    3132       10277 :             return;
    3133             :         }
    3134             : #endif
    3135           0 :         decltype(nWordCount) n = 0;
    3136             : #if defined(__SSE4_1__) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
    3137             :         // SSE4.1: _mm_packus_epi32 directly handles uint saturation
    3138             :         for (; n < nWordCount - 7; n += 8)
    3139             :         {
    3140             :             __m128i v0 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    3141             :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    3142             :             __m128i v1 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    3143             :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n + 4));
    3144             :             __m128i packed = _mm_packus_epi32(v0, v1);
    3145             :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n), packed);
    3146             :         }
    3147             : #else
    3148             :         // SSE2: clamp to [0, 65535], bias to signed range, pack, unbias
    3149           0 :         const __m128i xmm_65535 = _mm_set1_epi32(65535);
    3150           0 :         const __m128i xmm_bias32 = _mm_set1_epi32(32768);
    3151           0 :         const __m128i xmm_bias16 = _mm_set1_epi16(-32768);
    3152           0 :         for (; n < nWordCount - 7; n += 8)
    3153             :         {
    3154           0 :             __m128i v0 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    3155           0 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n));
    3156           0 :             __m128i v1 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    3157           0 :                 reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pSrcData + n + 4));
    3158             :             // max(v, 0)
    3159           0 :             v0 = _mm_andnot_si128(_mm_srai_epi32(v0, 31), v0);
    3160           0 :             v1 = _mm_andnot_si128(_mm_srai_epi32(v1, 31), v1);
    3161             :             // min(v, 65535)
    3162           0 :             __m128i gt0 = _mm_cmpgt_epi32(v0, xmm_65535);
    3163           0 :             __m128i gt1 = _mm_cmpgt_epi32(v1, xmm_65535);
    3164           0 :             v0 = _mm_or_si128(_mm_andnot_si128(gt0, v0),
    3165             :                               _mm_and_si128(gt0, xmm_65535));
    3166           0 :             v1 = _mm_or_si128(_mm_andnot_si128(gt1, v1),
    3167             :                               _mm_and_si128(gt1, xmm_65535));
    3168             :             // Shift [0, 65535] -> [-32768, 32767] for _mm_packs_epi32
    3169           0 :             v0 = _mm_sub_epi32(v0, xmm_bias32);
    3170           0 :             v1 = _mm_sub_epi32(v1, xmm_bias32);
    3171           0 :             __m128i packed = _mm_packs_epi32(v0, v1);
    3172             :             // Shift back: sub_epi16(x, -32768) == add 32768 (mod 2^16)
    3173           0 :             packed = _mm_sub_epi16(packed, xmm_bias16);
    3174           0 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDstData + n), packed);
    3175             :         }
    3176             : #endif
    3177           0 :         for (; n < nWordCount; n++)
    3178             :         {
    3179           0 :             pDstData[n] = pSrcData[n] <= 0 ? 0
    3180           0 :                           : pSrcData[n] >= 65535
    3181             :                               ? 65535
    3182           0 :                               : static_cast<uint16_t>(pSrcData[n]);
    3183           0 :         }
    3184             :     }
    3185             :     else
    3186             :     {
    3187          45 :         GDALCopyWordsGenericT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3188             :                               nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3189             :     }
    3190             : }
    3191             : 
    3192             : #endif  // HAVE_SSE2
    3193             : 
    3194             : template <>
    3195     4437360 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const double *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3196             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3197             :                                  GByte *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3198             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3199             : {
    3200     4437360 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3201             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3202     4437360 : }
    3203             : 
    3204             : template <>
    3205       38388 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const double *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3206             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3207             :                                  GUInt16 *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3208             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3209             : {
    3210       38388 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3211             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3212       38388 : }
    3213             : 
    3214             : template <>
    3215       55871 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const float *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3216             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3217             :                                  double *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3218             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3219             : {
    3220       55871 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3221             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3222       55871 : }
    3223             : 
    3224             : template <>
    3225      122866 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const double *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3226             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3227             :                                  float *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3228             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3229             : {
    3230      122866 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3231             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3232      122866 : }
    3233             : 
    3234             : template <>
    3235         412 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const GFloat16 *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3236             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3237             :                                  float *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3238             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3239             : {
    3240         412 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3241             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3242         412 : }
    3243             : 
    3244             : template <>
    3245         544 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const GFloat16 *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3246             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3247             :                                  double *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3248             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3249             : {
    3250         544 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3251             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3252         544 : }
    3253             : 
    3254             : template <>
    3255      324209 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const float *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3256             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3257             :                                  GByte *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3258             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3259             : {
    3260      324209 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3261             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3262      324209 : }
    3263             : 
    3264             : template <>
    3265          55 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const float *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3266             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3267             :                                  GInt8 *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3268             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3269             : {
    3270          55 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3271             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3272          55 : }
    3273             : 
    3274             : template <>
    3275       15785 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const float *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3276             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3277             :                                  GInt16 *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3278             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3279             : {
    3280       15785 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3281             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3282       15785 : }
    3283             : 
    3284             : template <>
    3285       61713 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const float *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3286             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3287             :                                  GUInt16 *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3288             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3289             : {
    3290       61713 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3291             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3292       61713 : }
    3293             : 
    3294             : template <>
    3295       43985 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const float *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3296             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3297             :                                  GInt32 *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3298             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3299             : {
    3300       43985 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3301             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3302       43985 : }
    3303             : 
    3304             : template <>
    3305          72 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const float *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3306             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3307             :                                  GFloat16 *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3308             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3309             : {
    3310          72 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3311             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3312          72 : }
    3313             : 
    3314             : template <>
    3315          63 : CPL_NOINLINE void GDALCopyWordsT(const double *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3316             :                                  int nSrcPixelStride,
    3317             :                                  GFloat16 *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3318             :                                  int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3319             : {
    3320          63 :     GDALCopyWordsT_8atatime(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData,
    3321             :                             nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3322          63 : }
    3323             : 
    3324             : /************************************************************************/
    3325             : /*                       GDALCopyWordsComplexT()                        */
    3326             : /************************************************************************/
    3327             : /**
    3328             :  * Template function, used to copy data from pSrcData into buffer
    3329             :  * pDstData, with stride nSrcPixelStride in the source data and
    3330             :  * stride nDstPixelStride in the destination data. Deals with the
    3331             :  * complex case, where input is complex and output is complex.
    3332             :  *
    3333             :  * @param pSrcData the source data buffer
    3334             :  * @param nSrcPixelStride the stride, in the buffer pSrcData for pixels
    3335             :  *                      of interest.
    3336             :  * @param pDstData the destination buffer.
    3337             :  * @param nDstPixelStride the stride in the buffer pDstData for pixels of
    3338             :  *                      interest.
    3339             :  * @param nWordCount the total number of pixel words to copy
    3340             :  *
    3341             :  */
    3342             : template <class Tin, class Tout>
    3343       98788 : inline void GDALCopyWordsComplexT(const Tin *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3344             :                                   int nSrcPixelStride,
    3345             :                                   Tout *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3346             :                                   int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3347             : {
    3348       98788 :     decltype(nWordCount) nDstOffset = 0;
    3349       98788 :     const char *const pSrcDataPtr = reinterpret_cast<const char *>(pSrcData);
    3350       98788 :     char *const pDstDataPtr = reinterpret_cast<char *>(pDstData);
    3351             : 
    3352     5631239 :     for (decltype(nWordCount) n = 0; n < nWordCount; n++)
    3353             :     {
    3354     5532446 :         const Tin *const pPixelIn =
    3355     5532446 :             reinterpret_cast<const Tin *>(pSrcDataPtr + n * nSrcPixelStride);
    3356     5532446 :         Tout *const pPixelOut =
    3357     5532446 :             reinterpret_cast<Tout *>(pDstDataPtr + nDstOffset);
    3358             : 
    3359     5532446 :         GDALCopyWord(pPixelIn[0], pPixelOut[0]);
    3360     5532446 :         GDALCopyWord(pPixelIn[1], pPixelOut[1]);
    3361             : 
    3362     5532446 :         nDstOffset += nDstPixelStride;
    3363             :     }
    3364       98788 : }
    3365             : 
    3366             : /************************************************************************/
    3367             : /*                      GDALCopyWordsComplexOutT()                      */
    3368             : /************************************************************************/
    3369             : /**
    3370             :  * Template function, used to copy data from pSrcData into buffer
    3371             :  * pDstData, with stride nSrcPixelStride in the source data and
    3372             :  * stride nDstPixelStride in the destination data. Deals with the
    3373             :  * case where the value is real coming in, but complex going out.
    3374             :  *
    3375             :  * @param pSrcData the source data buffer
    3376             :  * @param nSrcPixelStride the stride, in the buffer pSrcData for pixels
    3377             :  *                      of interest, in bytes.
    3378             :  * @param pDstData the destination buffer.
    3379             :  * @param nDstPixelStride the stride in the buffer pDstData for pixels of
    3380             :  *                      interest, in bytes.
    3381             :  * @param nWordCount the total number of pixel words to copy
    3382             :  *
    3383             :  */
    3384             : template <class Tin, class Tout>
    3385        4762 : inline void GDALCopyWordsComplexOutT(const Tin *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3386             :                                      int nSrcPixelStride,
    3387             :                                      Tout *const CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3388             :                                      int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3389             : {
    3390        4762 :     decltype(nWordCount) nDstOffset = 0;
    3391             : 
    3392        4762 :     const Tout tOutZero = static_cast<Tout>(0);
    3393             : 
    3394        4762 :     const char *const pSrcDataPtr = reinterpret_cast<const char *>(pSrcData);
    3395        4762 :     char *const pDstDataPtr = reinterpret_cast<char *>(pDstData);
    3396             : 
    3397     1190408 :     for (decltype(nWordCount) n = 0; n < nWordCount; n++)
    3398             :     {
    3399     1185646 :         const Tin tValue =
    3400     1185646 :             *reinterpret_cast<const Tin *>(pSrcDataPtr + n * nSrcPixelStride);
    3401     1185646 :         Tout *const pPixelOut =
    3402     1185646 :             reinterpret_cast<Tout *>(pDstDataPtr + nDstOffset);
    3403     1185646 :         GDALCopyWord(tValue, *pPixelOut);
    3404             : 
    3405     1185646 :         pPixelOut[1] = tOutZero;
    3406             : 
    3407     1185646 :         nDstOffset += nDstPixelStride;
    3408             :     }
    3409        4762 : }
    3410             : 
    3411             : /************************************************************************/
    3412             : /*                         GDALCopyWordsFromT()                         */
    3413             : /************************************************************************/
    3414             : /**
    3415             :  * Template driver function. Given the input type T, call the appropriate
    3416             :  * GDALCopyWordsT function template for the desired output type. You should
    3417             :  * never call this function directly (call GDALCopyWords instead).
    3418             :  *
    3419             :  * @param pSrcData source data buffer
    3420             :  * @param nSrcPixelStride pixel stride in input buffer, in pixel words
    3421             :  * @param bInComplex input is complex
    3422             :  * @param pDstData destination data buffer
    3423             :  * @param eDstType destination data type
    3424             :  * @param nDstPixelStride pixel stride in output buffer, in pixel words
    3425             :  * @param nWordCount number of pixel words to be copied
    3426             :  */
    3427             : template <class T>
    3428    61313979 : inline void GDALCopyWordsFromT(const T *const CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3429             :                                int nSrcPixelStride, bool bInComplex,
    3430             :                                void *CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3431             :                                GDALDataType eDstType, int nDstPixelStride,
    3432             :                                GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3433             : {
    3434    61313979 :     switch (eDstType)
    3435             :     {
    3436     4805715 :         case GDT_UInt8:
    3437     4805715 :             GDALCopyWordsT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3438             :                            static_cast<unsigned char *>(pDstData),
    3439             :                            nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3440     4805715 :             break;
    3441        1891 :         case GDT_Int8:
    3442        1891 :             GDALCopyWordsT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3443             :                            static_cast<signed char *>(pDstData),
    3444             :                            nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3445        1891 :             break;
    3446     1143779 :         case GDT_UInt16:
    3447     1143779 :             GDALCopyWordsT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3448             :                            static_cast<unsigned short *>(pDstData),
    3449             :                            nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3450     1143779 :             break;
    3451     4162728 :         case GDT_Int16:
    3452     4162728 :             GDALCopyWordsT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3453             :                            static_cast<short *>(pDstData), nDstPixelStride,
    3454             :                            nWordCount);
    3455     4162728 :             break;
    3456       23318 :         case GDT_UInt32:
    3457       23318 :             GDALCopyWordsT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3458             :                            static_cast<unsigned int *>(pDstData),
    3459             :                            nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3460       23318 :             break;
    3461    29460449 :         case GDT_Int32:
    3462    29460449 :             GDALCopyWordsT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3463             :                            static_cast<int *>(pDstData), nDstPixelStride,
    3464             :                            nWordCount);
    3465    29460449 :             break;
    3466        1250 :         case GDT_UInt64:
    3467        1250 :             GDALCopyWordsT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3468             :                            static_cast<std::uint64_t *>(pDstData),
    3469             :                            nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3470        1250 :             break;
    3471        5957 :         case GDT_Int64:
    3472        5957 :             GDALCopyWordsT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3473             :                            static_cast<std::int64_t *>(pDstData),
    3474             :                            nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3475        5957 :             break;
    3476         999 :         case GDT_Float16:
    3477         999 :             GDALCopyWordsT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3478             :                            static_cast<GFloat16 *>(pDstData), nDstPixelStride,
    3479             :                            nWordCount);
    3480         999 :             break;
    3481     4216031 :         case GDT_Float32:
    3482     4216031 :             GDALCopyWordsT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3483             :                            static_cast<float *>(pDstData), nDstPixelStride,
    3484             :                            nWordCount);
    3485     4216031 :             break;
    3486    17388164 :         case GDT_Float64:
    3487    17388164 :             GDALCopyWordsT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3488             :                            static_cast<double *>(pDstData), nDstPixelStride,
    3489             :                            nWordCount);
    3490    17388164 :             break;
    3491       94424 :         case GDT_CInt16:
    3492       94424 :             if (bInComplex)
    3493             :             {
    3494       93170 :                 GDALCopyWordsComplexT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3495             :                                       static_cast<short *>(pDstData),
    3496             :                                       nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3497             :             }
    3498             :             else  // input is not complex, so we need to promote to a complex
    3499             :                   // buffer
    3500             :             {
    3501        1254 :                 GDALCopyWordsComplexOutT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3502             :                                          static_cast<short *>(pDstData),
    3503             :                                          nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3504             :             }
    3505       94424 :             break;
    3506        1349 :         case GDT_CInt32:
    3507        1349 :             if (bInComplex)
    3508             :             {
    3509         717 :                 GDALCopyWordsComplexT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3510             :                                       static_cast<int *>(pDstData),
    3511             :                                       nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3512             :             }
    3513             :             else  // input is not complex, so we need to promote to a complex
    3514             :                   // buffer
    3515             :             {
    3516         632 :                 GDALCopyWordsComplexOutT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3517             :                                          static_cast<int *>(pDstData),
    3518             :                                          nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3519             :             }
    3520        1349 :             break;
    3521         313 :         case GDT_CFloat16:
    3522         313 :             if (bInComplex)
    3523             :             {
    3524          48 :                 GDALCopyWordsComplexT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3525             :                                       static_cast<GFloat16 *>(pDstData),
    3526             :                                       nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3527             :             }
    3528             :             else  // input is not complex, so we need to promote to a complex
    3529             :                   // buffer
    3530             :             {
    3531         265 :                 GDALCopyWordsComplexOutT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3532             :                                          static_cast<GFloat16 *>(pDstData),
    3533             :                                          nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3534             :             }
    3535         313 :             break;
    3536        3924 :         case GDT_CFloat32:
    3537        3924 :             if (bInComplex)
    3538             :             {
    3539        3115 :                 GDALCopyWordsComplexT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3540             :                                       static_cast<float *>(pDstData),
    3541             :                                       nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3542             :             }
    3543             :             else  // input is not complex, so we need to promote to a complex
    3544             :                   // buffer
    3545             :             {
    3546         809 :                 GDALCopyWordsComplexOutT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3547             :                                          static_cast<float *>(pDstData),
    3548             :                                          nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3549             :             }
    3550        3924 :             break;
    3551        3540 :         case GDT_CFloat64:
    3552        3540 :             if (bInComplex)
    3553             :             {
    3554        1738 :                 GDALCopyWordsComplexT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3555             :                                       static_cast<double *>(pDstData),
    3556             :                                       nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3557             :             }
    3558             :             else  // input is not complex, so we need to promote to a complex
    3559             :                   // buffer
    3560             :             {
    3561        1802 :                 GDALCopyWordsComplexOutT(pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    3562             :                                          static_cast<double *>(pDstData),
    3563             :                                          nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    3564             :             }
    3565        3540 :             break;
    3566           0 :         case GDT_Unknown:
    3567             :         case GDT_TypeCount:
    3568           0 :             CPLAssert(false);
    3569             :     }
    3570    61313979 : }
    3571             : 
    3572             : }  // end anonymous namespace
    3573             : 
    3574             : /************************************************************************/
    3575             : /*                         GDALReplicateWord()                          */
    3576             : /************************************************************************/
    3577             : 
    3578             : template <class T>
    3579      600406 : inline void GDALReplicateWordT(void *pDstData, int nDstPixelStride,
    3580             :                                GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3581             : {
    3582      600406 :     const T valSet = *static_cast<const T *>(pDstData);
    3583      600406 :     if (nDstPixelStride == static_cast<int>(sizeof(T)))
    3584             :     {
    3585      570592 :         T *pDstPtr = static_cast<T *>(pDstData) + 1;
    3586    31990099 :         while (nWordCount >= 4)
    3587             :         {
    3588    31419540 :             nWordCount -= 4;
    3589    31419540 :             pDstPtr[0] = valSet;
    3590    31419540 :             pDstPtr[1] = valSet;
    3591    31419540 :             pDstPtr[2] = valSet;
    3592    31419540 :             pDstPtr[3] = valSet;
    3593    31419540 :             pDstPtr += 4;
    3594             :         }
    3595     1476627 :         while (nWordCount > 0)
    3596             :         {
    3597      906035 :             --nWordCount;
    3598      906035 :             *pDstPtr = valSet;
    3599      906035 :             pDstPtr++;
    3600             :         }
    3601             :     }
    3602             :     else
    3603             :     {
    3604       29814 :         GByte *pabyDstPtr = static_cast<GByte *>(pDstData) + nDstPixelStride;
    3605     1106520 :         while (nWordCount > 0)
    3606             :         {
    3607     1076706 :             --nWordCount;
    3608     1076706 :             *reinterpret_cast<T *>(pabyDstPtr) = valSet;
    3609     1076706 :             pabyDstPtr += nDstPixelStride;
    3610             :         }
    3611             :     }
    3612      600406 : }
    3613             : 
    3614     1080140 : static void GDALReplicateWord(const void *CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    3615             :                               GDALDataType eSrcType,
    3616             :                               void *CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    3617             :                               GDALDataType eDstType, int nDstPixelStride,
    3618             :                               GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    3619             : {
    3620             :     /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
    3621             :      */
    3622             :     /* Special case when the source data is always the same value */
    3623             :     /* (for VRTSourcedRasterBand::IRasterIO and
    3624             :      * VRTDerivedRasterBand::IRasterIO*/
    3625             :     /*  for example) */
    3626             :     /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
    3627             :      */
    3628             :     // Let the general translation case do the necessary conversions
    3629             :     // on the first destination element.
    3630     1080140 :     GDALCopyWords64(pSrcData, eSrcType, 0, pDstData, eDstType, 0, 1);
    3631             : 
    3632             :     // Now copy the first element to the nWordCount - 1 following destination
    3633             :     // elements.
    3634     1080140 :     nWordCount--;
    3635     1080140 :     GByte *pabyDstWord = reinterpret_cast<GByte *>(pDstData) + nDstPixelStride;
    3636             : 
    3637     1080140 :     switch (eDstType)
    3638             :     {
    3639      479649 :         case GDT_UInt8:
    3640             :         case GDT_Int8:
    3641             :         {
    3642      479649 :             if (nDstPixelStride == 1)
    3643             :             {
    3644      369718 :                 if (nWordCount > 0)
    3645      369718 :                     memset(pabyDstWord,
    3646      369718 :                            *reinterpret_cast<const GByte *>(pDstData),
    3647             :                            nWordCount);
    3648             :             }
    3649             :             else
    3650             :             {
    3651      109931 :                 GByte valSet = *reinterpret_cast<const GByte *>(pDstData);
    3652    72735800 :                 while (nWordCount > 0)
    3653             :                 {
    3654    72625900 :                     --nWordCount;
    3655    72625900 :                     *pabyDstWord = valSet;
    3656    72625900 :                     pabyDstWord += nDstPixelStride;
    3657             :                 }
    3658             :             }
    3659      479649 :             break;
    3660             :         }
    3661             : 
    3662             : #define CASE_DUPLICATE_SIMPLE(enum_type, c_type)                               \
    3663             :     case enum_type:                                                            \
    3664             :     {                                                                          \
    3665             :         GDALReplicateWordT<c_type>(pDstData, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);     \
    3666             :         break;                                                                 \
    3667             :     }
    3668             : 
    3669       34514 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_SIMPLE(GDT_UInt16, GUInt16)
    3670      202455 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_SIMPLE(GDT_Int16, GInt16)
    3671          74 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_SIMPLE(GDT_UInt32, GUInt32)
    3672      301585 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_SIMPLE(GDT_Int32, GInt32)
    3673          41 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_SIMPLE(GDT_UInt64, std::uint64_t)
    3674        1072 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_SIMPLE(GDT_Int64, std::int64_t)
    3675           2 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_SIMPLE(GDT_Float16, GFloat16)
    3676       52858 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_SIMPLE(GDT_Float32, float)
    3677        7805 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_SIMPLE(GDT_Float64, double)
    3678             : 
    3679             : #define CASE_DUPLICATE_COMPLEX(enum_type, c_type)                              \
    3680             :     case enum_type:                                                            \
    3681             :     {                                                                          \
    3682             :         c_type valSet1 = reinterpret_cast<const c_type *>(pDstData)[0];        \
    3683             :         c_type valSet2 = reinterpret_cast<const c_type *>(pDstData)[1];        \
    3684             :         while (nWordCount > 0)                                                 \
    3685             :         {                                                                      \
    3686             :             --nWordCount;                                                      \
    3687             :             reinterpret_cast<c_type *>(pabyDstWord)[0] = valSet1;              \
    3688             :             reinterpret_cast<c_type *>(pabyDstWord)[1] = valSet2;              \
    3689             :             pabyDstWord += nDstPixelStride;                                    \
    3690             :         }                                                                      \
    3691             :         break;                                                                 \
    3692             :     }
    3693             : 
    3694         784 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_COMPLEX(GDT_CInt16, GInt16)
    3695         784 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_COMPLEX(GDT_CInt32, GInt32)
    3696           6 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_COMPLEX(GDT_CFloat16, GFloat16)
    3697         790 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_COMPLEX(GDT_CFloat32, float)
    3698         790 :             CASE_DUPLICATE_COMPLEX(GDT_CFloat64, double)
    3699             : 
    3700           0 :         case GDT_Unknown:
    3701             :         case GDT_TypeCount:
    3702           0 :             CPLAssert(false);
    3703             :     }
    3704     1080140 : }
    3705             : 
    3706             : /************************************************************************/
    3707             : /*                          GDALUnrolledCopy()                          */
    3708             : /************************************************************************/
    3709             : 
    3710             : template <class T, int srcStride, int dstStride>
    3711             : #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__AVX2__)
    3712             : __attribute__((optimize("tree-vectorize")))
    3713             : #endif
    3714     3053832 : static inline void GDALUnrolledCopyGeneric(T *CPL_RESTRICT pDest,
    3715             :                                            const T *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    3716             :                                            GPtrDiff_t nIters)
    3717             : {
    3718             : #if !(defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__AVX2__))
    3719     3053832 :     if (nIters >= 16)
    3720             :     {
    3721   133693888 :         for (GPtrDiff_t i = nIters / 16; i != 0; i--)
    3722             :         {
    3723   130760733 :             pDest[0 * dstStride] = pSrc[0 * srcStride];
    3724   130760733 :             pDest[1 * dstStride] = pSrc[1 * srcStride];
    3725   130760733 :             pDest[2 * dstStride] = pSrc[2 * srcStride];
    3726   130760733 :             pDest[3 * dstStride] = pSrc[3 * srcStride];
    3727   130760733 :             pDest[4 * dstStride] = pSrc[4 * srcStride];
    3728   130760733 :             pDest[5 * dstStride] = pSrc[5 * srcStride];
    3729   130760733 :             pDest[6 * dstStride] = pSrc[6 * srcStride];
    3730   130760733 :             pDest[7 * dstStride] = pSrc[7 * srcStride];
    3731   130760733 :             pDest[8 * dstStride] = pSrc[8 * srcStride];
    3732   130760733 :             pDest[9 * dstStride] = pSrc[9 * srcStride];
    3733   130760733 :             pDest[10 * dstStride] = pSrc[10 * srcStride];
    3734   130760733 :             pDest[11 * dstStride] = pSrc[11 * srcStride];
    3735   130760733 :             pDest[12 * dstStride] = pSrc[12 * srcStride];
    3736   130760733 :             pDest[13 * dstStride] = pSrc[13 * srcStride];
    3737   130760733 :             pDest[14 * dstStride] = pSrc[14 * srcStride];
    3738   130760733 :             pDest[15 * dstStride] = pSrc[15 * srcStride];
    3739   130760733 :             pDest += 16 * dstStride;
    3740   130760733 :             pSrc += 16 * srcStride;
    3741             :         }
    3742     2933264 :         nIters = nIters % 16;
    3743             :     }
    3744             : #else
    3745             : #pragma GCC unroll 4
    3746             : #endif
    3747     5214072 :     for (GPtrDiff_t i = 0; i < nIters; i++)
    3748             :     {
    3749     2160243 :         pDest[i * dstStride] = *pSrc;
    3750     2160243 :         pSrc += srcStride;
    3751             :     }
    3752     3053832 : }
    3753             : 
    3754             : template <class T, int srcStride, int dstStride>
    3755     3053832 : static inline void GDALUnrolledCopy(T *CPL_RESTRICT pDest,
    3756             :                                     const T *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    3757             :                                     GPtrDiff_t nIters)
    3758             : {
    3759     3053832 :     GDALUnrolledCopyGeneric<T, srcStride, dstStride>(pDest, pSrc, nIters);
    3760     3053832 : }
    3761             : 
    3762             : #if defined(__AVX2__) && defined(HAVE_SSSE3_AT_COMPILE_TIME) &&                \
    3763             :     (defined(__x86_64) || defined(_M_X64) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS))
    3764             : 
    3765             : template <>
    3766             : void GDALUnrolledCopy<GByte, 3, 1>(GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pDest,
    3767             :                                    const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    3768             :                                    GPtrDiff_t nIters)
    3769             : {
    3770             :     if (nIters > 16)
    3771             :     {
    3772             :         // The SSSE3 variant is slightly faster than what the gcc autovectorizer
    3773             :         // generates
    3774             :         GDALUnrolledCopy_GByte_3_1_SSSE3(pDest, pSrc, nIters);
    3775             :     }
    3776             :     else
    3777             :     {
    3778             :         for (GPtrDiff_t i = 0; i < nIters; i++)
    3779             :         {
    3780             :             pDest[i] = *pSrc;
    3781             :             pSrc += 3;
    3782             :         }
    3783             :     }
    3784             : }
    3785             : 
    3786             : #elif defined(HAVE_SSE2) && !(defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__AVX2__))
    3787             : 
    3788             : template <>
    3789      354194 : void GDALUnrolledCopy<GByte, 2, 1>(GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pDest,
    3790             :                                    const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    3791             :                                    GPtrDiff_t nIters)
    3792             : {
    3793      354194 :     decltype(nIters) i = 0;
    3794      354194 :     if (nIters > 16)
    3795             :     {
    3796      194667 :         const __m128i xmm_mask = _mm_set1_epi16(0xff);
    3797             :         // If we were sure that there would always be 1 trailing byte, we could
    3798             :         // check against nIters - 15
    3799     2988110 :         for (; i < nIters - 16; i += 16)
    3800             :         {
    3801             :             __m128i xmm0 =
    3802     2793440 :                 _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + 0));
    3803             :             __m128i xmm1 =
    3804     5586890 :                 _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + 16));
    3805             :             // Set higher 8bit of each int16 packed word to 0
    3806     2793440 :             xmm0 = _mm_and_si128(xmm0, xmm_mask);
    3807     2793440 :             xmm1 = _mm_and_si128(xmm1, xmm_mask);
    3808             :             // Pack int16 to uint8 and merge back both vector
    3809     2793440 :             xmm0 = _mm_packus_epi16(xmm0, xmm1);
    3810             : 
    3811             :             // Store result
    3812     2793440 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDest + i), xmm0);
    3813             : 
    3814     2793440 :             pSrc += 2 * 16;
    3815             :         }
    3816             :     }
    3817     4633800 :     for (; i < nIters; i++)
    3818             :     {
    3819     4279610 :         pDest[i] = *pSrc;
    3820     4279610 :         pSrc += 2;
    3821             :     }
    3822      354194 : }
    3823             : 
    3824           1 : static void GDALUnrolledCopy_GByte_3_1_SSE2(GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pDest,
    3825             :                                             const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    3826             :                                             GPtrDiff_t nIters)
    3827             : {
    3828           1 :     decltype(nIters) i = 0;
    3829           1 :     const __m128i xmm_mask_ori = _mm_set_epi32(0, 0, 0, 255);
    3830             :     // If we were sure that there would always be 2 trailing bytes, we could
    3831             :     // check against nIters - 15
    3832           2 :     for (; i < nIters - 16; i += 16)
    3833             :     {
    3834             :         __m128i xmm0 =
    3835           1 :             _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + 0));
    3836             :         __m128i xmm1 =
    3837           1 :             _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + 16));
    3838             :         __m128i xmm2 =
    3839           1 :             _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + 32));
    3840             : 
    3841           1 :         auto xmm_mask0 = xmm_mask_ori;
    3842           1 :         auto xmm_mask1 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask_ori, 6);
    3843           1 :         auto xmm_mask2 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask_ori, 11);
    3844             : 
    3845           1 :         auto xmm = _mm_and_si128(xmm0, xmm_mask0);
    3846           1 :         auto xmm_res1 = _mm_and_si128(_mm_slli_si128(xmm1, 4), xmm_mask1);
    3847             : 
    3848           1 :         xmm_mask0 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask0, 1);
    3849           1 :         xmm_mask1 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask1, 1);
    3850           1 :         xmm0 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm0, 2);
    3851           1 :         xmm = _mm_or_si128(xmm, _mm_and_si128(xmm0, xmm_mask0));
    3852           2 :         xmm_res1 = _mm_or_si128(
    3853             :             xmm_res1, _mm_and_si128(_mm_slli_si128(xmm1, 2), xmm_mask1));
    3854             : 
    3855           1 :         xmm_mask0 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask0, 1);
    3856           1 :         xmm_mask1 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask1, 1);
    3857           1 :         xmm0 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm0, 2);
    3858           2 :         xmm = _mm_or_si128(xmm, _mm_and_si128(xmm0, xmm_mask0));
    3859           1 :         xmm_res1 = _mm_or_si128(xmm_res1, _mm_and_si128(xmm1, xmm_mask1));
    3860             : 
    3861           1 :         xmm_mask0 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask0, 1);
    3862           1 :         xmm_mask1 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask1, 1);
    3863           1 :         xmm0 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm0, 2);
    3864           1 :         xmm = _mm_or_si128(xmm, _mm_and_si128(xmm0, xmm_mask0));
    3865           2 :         xmm_res1 = _mm_or_si128(
    3866             :             xmm_res1, _mm_and_si128(_mm_srli_si128(xmm1, 2), xmm_mask1));
    3867             : 
    3868           1 :         xmm_mask0 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask0, 1);
    3869           1 :         xmm_mask1 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask1, 1);
    3870           1 :         xmm0 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm0, 2);
    3871           1 :         xmm = _mm_or_si128(xmm, _mm_and_si128(xmm0, xmm_mask0));
    3872           3 :         xmm_res1 = _mm_or_si128(
    3873             :             xmm_res1, _mm_and_si128(_mm_srli_si128(xmm1, 4), xmm_mask1));
    3874           1 :         xmm = _mm_or_si128(xmm, xmm_res1);
    3875             : 
    3876           1 :         xmm_mask0 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask0, 1);
    3877           1 :         xmm0 = _mm_srli_si128(xmm0, 2);
    3878           1 :         xmm = _mm_or_si128(xmm, _mm_and_si128(xmm0, xmm_mask0));
    3879             : 
    3880           2 :         xmm = _mm_or_si128(xmm,
    3881             :                            _mm_and_si128(_mm_slli_si128(xmm2, 10), xmm_mask2));
    3882             : 
    3883           1 :         xmm_mask2 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask2, 1);
    3884           2 :         xmm = _mm_or_si128(xmm,
    3885             :                            _mm_and_si128(_mm_slli_si128(xmm2, 8), xmm_mask2));
    3886             : 
    3887           1 :         xmm_mask2 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask2, 1);
    3888           2 :         xmm = _mm_or_si128(xmm,
    3889             :                            _mm_and_si128(_mm_slli_si128(xmm2, 6), xmm_mask2));
    3890             : 
    3891           1 :         xmm_mask2 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask2, 1);
    3892           2 :         xmm = _mm_or_si128(xmm,
    3893             :                            _mm_and_si128(_mm_slli_si128(xmm2, 4), xmm_mask2));
    3894             : 
    3895           1 :         xmm_mask2 = _mm_slli_si128(xmm_mask2, 1);
    3896           2 :         xmm = _mm_or_si128(xmm,
    3897             :                            _mm_and_si128(_mm_slli_si128(xmm2, 2), xmm_mask2));
    3898             : 
    3899           1 :         _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDest + i), xmm);
    3900             : 
    3901           1 :         pSrc += 3 * 16;
    3902             :     }
    3903           2 :     for (; i < nIters; i++)
    3904             :     {
    3905           1 :         pDest[i] = *pSrc;
    3906           1 :         pSrc += 3;
    3907             :     }
    3908           1 : }
    3909             : 
    3910             : #ifdef HAVE_SSSE3_AT_COMPILE_TIME
    3911             : 
    3912             : template <>
    3913      193425 : void GDALUnrolledCopy<GByte, 3, 1>(GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pDest,
    3914             :                                    const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    3915             :                                    GPtrDiff_t nIters)
    3916             : {
    3917      193425 :     if (nIters > 16)
    3918             :     {
    3919      187302 :         if (CPLHaveRuntimeSSSE3())
    3920             :         {
    3921      187301 :             GDALUnrolledCopy_GByte_3_1_SSSE3(pDest, pSrc, nIters);
    3922             :         }
    3923             :         else
    3924             :         {
    3925           1 :             GDALUnrolledCopy_GByte_3_1_SSE2(pDest, pSrc, nIters);
    3926             :         }
    3927             :     }
    3928             :     else
    3929             :     {
    3930       20384 :         for (GPtrDiff_t i = 0; i < nIters; i++)
    3931             :         {
    3932       14261 :             pDest[i] = *pSrc;
    3933       14261 :             pSrc += 3;
    3934             :         }
    3935             :     }
    3936      193425 : }
    3937             : 
    3938             : #else
    3939             : 
    3940             : template <>
    3941             : void GDALUnrolledCopy<GByte, 3, 1>(GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pDest,
    3942             :                                    const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    3943             :                                    GPtrDiff_t nIters)
    3944             : {
    3945             :     GDALUnrolledCopy_GByte_3_1_SSE2(pDest, pSrc, nIters);
    3946             : }
    3947             : #endif
    3948             : 
    3949             : template <>
    3950      332694 : void GDALUnrolledCopy<GByte, 4, 1>(GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pDest,
    3951             :                                    const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    3952             :                                    GPtrDiff_t nIters)
    3953             : {
    3954      332694 :     decltype(nIters) i = 0;
    3955      332694 :     if (nIters > 16)
    3956             :     {
    3957      327397 :         const __m128i xmm_mask = _mm_set1_epi32(0xff);
    3958             :         // If we were sure that there would always be 3 trailing bytes, we could
    3959             :         // check against nIters - 15
    3960    28178600 :         for (; i < nIters - 16; i += 16)
    3961             :         {
    3962             :             __m128i xmm0 =
    3963    27851200 :                 _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + 0));
    3964             :             __m128i xmm1 =
    3965    27851200 :                 _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + 16));
    3966             :             __m128i xmm2 =
    3967    27851200 :                 _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + 32));
    3968             :             __m128i xmm3 =
    3969    55702500 :                 _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + 48));
    3970             :             // Set higher 24bit of each int32 packed word to 0
    3971    27851200 :             xmm0 = _mm_and_si128(xmm0, xmm_mask);
    3972    27851200 :             xmm1 = _mm_and_si128(xmm1, xmm_mask);
    3973    27851200 :             xmm2 = _mm_and_si128(xmm2, xmm_mask);
    3974    27851200 :             xmm3 = _mm_and_si128(xmm3, xmm_mask);
    3975             :             // Pack int32 to int16
    3976    27851200 :             xmm0 = _mm_packs_epi32(xmm0, xmm1);
    3977    27851200 :             xmm2 = _mm_packs_epi32(xmm2, xmm3);
    3978             :             // Pack int16 to uint8
    3979    27851200 :             xmm0 = _mm_packus_epi16(xmm0, xmm2);
    3980             : 
    3981             :             // Store result
    3982    27851200 :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDest + i), xmm0);
    3983             : 
    3984    27851200 :             pSrc += 4 * 16;
    3985             :         }
    3986             :     }
    3987     5049310 :     for (; i < nIters; i++)
    3988             :     {
    3989     4716620 :         pDest[i] = *pSrc;
    3990     4716620 :         pSrc += 4;
    3991             :     }
    3992      332694 : }
    3993             : #endif  // HAVE_SSE2
    3994             : 
    3995             : /************************************************************************/
    3996             : /*                            GDALFastCopy()                            */
    3997             : /************************************************************************/
    3998             : 
    3999             : template <class T>
    4000    40270700 : static inline void GDALFastCopy(T *CPL_RESTRICT pDest, int nDestStride,
    4001             :                                 const T *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc, int nSrcStride,
    4002             :                                 GPtrDiff_t nIters)
    4003             : {
    4004    40270700 :     constexpr int sizeofT = static_cast<int>(sizeof(T));
    4005    40270700 :     if (nIters == 1)
    4006             :     {
    4007    22545440 :         *pDest = *pSrc;
    4008             :     }
    4009    17725255 :     else if (nDestStride == sizeofT)
    4010             :     {
    4011    14598200 :         if (nSrcStride == sizeofT)
    4012             :         {
    4013    13508184 :             memcpy(pDest, pSrc, nIters * sizeof(T));
    4014             :         }
    4015     1090047 :         else if (nSrcStride == 2 * sizeofT)
    4016             :         {
    4017      357410 :             GDALUnrolledCopy<T, 2, 1>(pDest, pSrc, nIters);
    4018             :         }
    4019      732637 :         else if (nSrcStride == 3 * sizeofT)
    4020             :         {
    4021      290405 :             GDALUnrolledCopy<T, 3, 1>(pDest, pSrc, nIters);
    4022             :         }
    4023      442232 :         else if (nSrcStride == 4 * sizeofT)
    4024             :         {
    4025      336676 :             GDALUnrolledCopy<T, 4, 1>(pDest, pSrc, nIters);
    4026             :         }
    4027             :         else
    4028             :         {
    4029    17229290 :             while (nIters-- > 0)
    4030             :             {
    4031    17123750 :                 *pDest = *pSrc;
    4032    17123750 :                 pSrc += nSrcStride / sizeofT;
    4033    17123750 :                 pDest++;
    4034             :             }
    4035             :         }
    4036             :     }
    4037     3126965 :     else if (nSrcStride == sizeofT)
    4038             :     {
    4039     3113959 :         if (nDestStride == 2 * sizeofT)
    4040             :         {
    4041      151764 :             GDALUnrolledCopy<T, 1, 2>(pDest, pSrc, nIters);
    4042             :         }
    4043     2962205 :         else if (nDestStride == 3 * sizeofT)
    4044             :         {
    4045     2133781 :             GDALUnrolledCopy<T, 1, 3>(pDest, pSrc, nIters);
    4046             :         }
    4047      828421 :         else if (nDestStride == 4 * sizeofT)
    4048             :         {
    4049      664109 :             GDALUnrolledCopy<T, 1, 4>(pDest, pSrc, nIters);
    4050             :         }
    4051             :         else
    4052             :         {
    4053    17169660 :             while (nIters-- > 0)
    4054             :             {
    4055    17005410 :                 *pDest = *pSrc;
    4056    17005410 :                 pSrc++;
    4057    17005410 :                 pDest += nDestStride / sizeofT;
    4058             :             }
    4059             :         }
    4060             :     }
    4061             :     else
    4062             :     {
    4063     1220108 :         while (nIters-- > 0)
    4064             :         {
    4065     1207102 :             *pDest = *pSrc;
    4066     1207102 :             pSrc += nSrcStride / sizeofT;
    4067     1207102 :             pDest += nDestStride / sizeofT;
    4068             :         }
    4069             :     }
    4070    40270700 : }
    4071             : 
    4072             : /************************************************************************/
    4073             : /*                          GDALFastCopyByte()                          */
    4074             : /************************************************************************/
    4075             : 
    4076      326320 : static void GDALFastCopyByte(const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    4077             :                              int nSrcPixelStride, GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    4078             :                              int nDstPixelStride, GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    4079             : {
    4080      326320 :     GDALFastCopy(pDstData, nDstPixelStride, pSrcData, nSrcPixelStride,
    4081             :                  nWordCount);
    4082      326320 : }
    4083             : 
    4084             : /************************************************************************/
    4085             : /*                           GDALCopyWords()                            */
    4086             : /************************************************************************/
    4087             : 
    4088             : /**
    4089             :  * Copy pixel words from buffer to buffer.
    4090             :  *
    4091             :  * @see GDALCopyWords64()
    4092             :  */
    4093    80594200 : void CPL_STDCALL GDALCopyWords(const void *CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    4094             :                                GDALDataType eSrcType, int nSrcPixelStride,
    4095             :                                void *CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    4096             :                                GDALDataType eDstType, int nDstPixelStride,
    4097             :                                int nWordCount)
    4098             : {
    4099    80594200 :     GDALCopyWords64(pSrcData, eSrcType, nSrcPixelStride, pDstData, eDstType,
    4100             :                     nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4101    80594200 : }
    4102             : 
    4103             : /************************************************************************/
    4104             : /*                          GDALCopyWords64()                           */
    4105             : /************************************************************************/
    4106             : 
    4107             : /**
    4108             :  * Copy pixel words from buffer to buffer.
    4109             :  *
    4110             :  * This function is used to copy pixel word values from one memory buffer
    4111             :  * to another, with support for conversion between data types, and differing
    4112             :  * step factors. The data type conversion is done using the following
    4113             :  * rules:
    4114             :  * <ul>
    4115             :  * <li>Values assigned to a lower range integer type are clipped. For
    4116             :  * instance assigning GDT_Int16 values to a GDT_UInt8 buffer will cause values
    4117             :  * less the 0 to be set to 0, and values larger than 255 to be set to 255.
    4118             :  * </li>
    4119             :  * <li>
    4120             :  * Assignment from floating point to integer rounds to closest integer.
    4121             :  * +Infinity is mapped to the largest integer. -Infinity is mapped to the
    4122             :  * smallest integer. NaN is mapped to 0.
    4123             :  * </li>
    4124             :  * <li>
    4125             :  * Assignment from non-complex to complex will result in the imaginary part
    4126             :  * being set to zero on output.
    4127             :  * </li>
    4128             :  * <li> Assignment from complex to
    4129             :  * non-complex will result in the complex portion being lost and the real
    4130             :  * component being preserved (<i>not magnitude!</i>).
    4131             :  * </li>
    4132             :  * </ul>
    4133             :  *
    4134             :  * No assumptions are made about the source or destination words occurring
    4135             :  * on word boundaries.  It is assumed that all values are in native machine
    4136             :  * byte order.
    4137             :  *
    4138             :  * @param pSrcData Pointer to source data to be converted.
    4139             :  * @param eSrcType the source data type (see GDALDataType enum)
    4140             :  * @param nSrcPixelStride Source pixel stride (i.e. distance between 2 words),
    4141             :  * in bytes
    4142             :  * @param pDstData Pointer to buffer where destination data should go
    4143             :  * @param eDstType the destination data type (see GDALDataType enum)
    4144             :  * @param nDstPixelStride Destination pixel stride (i.e. distance between 2
    4145             :  * words), in bytes
    4146             :  * @param nWordCount number of words to be copied
    4147             :  *
    4148             :  * @note
    4149             :  * When adding a new data type to GDAL, you must do the following to
    4150             :  * support it properly within the GDALCopyWords function:
    4151             :  * 1. Add the data type to the switch on eSrcType in GDALCopyWords.
    4152             :  *    This should invoke the appropriate GDALCopyWordsFromT wrapper.
    4153             :  * 2. Add the data type to the switch on eDstType in GDALCopyWordsFromT.
    4154             :  *    This should call the appropriate GDALCopyWordsT template.
    4155             :  * 3. If appropriate, overload the appropriate CopyWord template in the
    4156             :  *    above namespace. This will ensure that any conversion issues are
    4157             :  *    handled (cases like the float -> int32 case, where the min/max)
    4158             :  *    values are subject to roundoff error.
    4159             :  */
    4160             : 
    4161   116978000 : void CPL_STDCALL GDALCopyWords64(const void *CPL_RESTRICT pSrcData,
    4162             :                                  GDALDataType eSrcType, int nSrcPixelStride,
    4163             :                                  void *CPL_RESTRICT pDstData,
    4164             :                                  GDALDataType eDstType, int nDstPixelStride,
    4165             :                                  GPtrDiff_t nWordCount)
    4166             : 
    4167             : {
    4168             :     // On platforms where alignment matters, be careful
    4169   116978000 :     const int nSrcDataTypeSize = GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eSrcType);
    4170   116978000 :     const int nDstDataTypeSize = GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eDstType);
    4171   116978000 :     if (CPL_UNLIKELY(nSrcDataTypeSize == 0 || nDstDataTypeSize == 0))
    4172             :     {
    4173           2 :         CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_NotSupported,
    4174             :                  "GDALCopyWords64(): unsupported GDT_Unknown/GDT_TypeCount "
    4175             :                  "argument");
    4176           2 :         return;
    4177             :     }
    4178   116978000 :     if (!(eSrcType == eDstType && nSrcPixelStride == nDstPixelStride) &&
    4179    66410400 :         ((reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(pSrcData) % nSrcDataTypeSize) != 0 ||
    4180    66410400 :          (reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(pDstData) % nDstDataTypeSize) != 0 ||
    4181    66410000 :          (nSrcPixelStride % nSrcDataTypeSize) != 0 ||
    4182    66409900 :          (nDstPixelStride % nDstDataTypeSize) != 0))
    4183             :     {
    4184         905 :         if (eSrcType == eDstType)
    4185             :         {
    4186       34800 :             for (decltype(nWordCount) i = 0; i < nWordCount; i++)
    4187             :             {
    4188       34000 :                 memcpy(static_cast<GByte *>(pDstData) + nDstPixelStride * i,
    4189             :                        static_cast<const GByte *>(pSrcData) +
    4190       34000 :                            nSrcPixelStride * i,
    4191             :                        nDstDataTypeSize);
    4192             :             }
    4193             :         }
    4194             :         else
    4195             :         {
    4196         210 :             const auto getAlignedPtr = [](GByte *ptr, int align)
    4197             :             {
    4198             :                 return ptr +
    4199         210 :                        ((align - (reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr) % align)) %
    4200         210 :                         align);
    4201             :             };
    4202             : 
    4203             :             // The largest we need is for CFloat64 (16 bytes), so 32 bytes to
    4204             :             // be sure to get correctly aligned pointer.
    4205         105 :             constexpr size_t SIZEOF_CFLOAT64 = 2 * sizeof(double);
    4206             :             GByte abySrcBuffer[2 * SIZEOF_CFLOAT64];
    4207             :             GByte abyDstBuffer[2 * SIZEOF_CFLOAT64];
    4208             :             GByte *pabySrcBuffer =
    4209         105 :                 getAlignedPtr(abySrcBuffer, nSrcDataTypeSize);
    4210             :             GByte *pabyDstBuffer =
    4211         105 :                 getAlignedPtr(abyDstBuffer, nDstDataTypeSize);
    4212        3360 :             for (decltype(nWordCount) i = 0; i < nWordCount; i++)
    4213             :             {
    4214        3255 :                 memcpy(pabySrcBuffer,
    4215             :                        static_cast<const GByte *>(pSrcData) +
    4216        3255 :                            nSrcPixelStride * i,
    4217             :                        nSrcDataTypeSize);
    4218        3255 :                 GDALCopyWords64(pabySrcBuffer, eSrcType, 0, pabyDstBuffer,
    4219             :                                 eDstType, 0, 1);
    4220        3255 :                 memcpy(static_cast<GByte *>(pDstData) + nDstPixelStride * i,
    4221             :                        pabyDstBuffer, nDstDataTypeSize);
    4222             :             }
    4223             :         }
    4224         905 :         return;
    4225             :     }
    4226             : 
    4227             :     // Deal with the case where we're replicating a single word into the
    4228             :     // provided buffer
    4229   116978000 :     if (nSrcPixelStride == 0 && nWordCount > 1)
    4230             :     {
    4231     1080140 :         GDALReplicateWord(pSrcData, eSrcType, pDstData, eDstType,
    4232             :                           nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4233     1080140 :         return;
    4234             :     }
    4235             : 
    4236   115897000 :     if (eSrcType == eDstType)
    4237             :     {
    4238    54845500 :         if (eSrcType == GDT_UInt8 || eSrcType == GDT_Int8)
    4239             :         {
    4240    18148200 :             GDALFastCopy(static_cast<GByte *>(pDstData), nDstPixelStride,
    4241             :                          static_cast<const GByte *>(pSrcData), nSrcPixelStride,
    4242             :                          nWordCount);
    4243    18148200 :             return;
    4244             :         }
    4245             : 
    4246    36697300 :         if (nSrcDataTypeSize == 2 && (nSrcPixelStride % 2) == 0 &&
    4247    21796200 :             (nDstPixelStride % 2) == 0)
    4248             :         {
    4249    21796200 :             GDALFastCopy(static_cast<short *>(pDstData), nDstPixelStride,
    4250             :                          static_cast<const short *>(pSrcData), nSrcPixelStride,
    4251             :                          nWordCount);
    4252    21796200 :             return;
    4253             :         }
    4254             : 
    4255    14901100 :         if (nWordCount == 1)
    4256             :         {
    4257             : #if defined(CSA_BUILD) || defined(__COVERITY__)
    4258             :             // Avoid false positives...
    4259             :             memcpy(pDstData, pSrcData, nSrcDataTypeSize);
    4260             : #else
    4261    14411900 :             if (nSrcDataTypeSize == 2)
    4262           0 :                 memcpy(pDstData, pSrcData, 2);
    4263    14411900 :             else if (nSrcDataTypeSize == 4)
    4264    13807600 :                 memcpy(pDstData, pSrcData, 4);
    4265      604291 :             else if (nSrcDataTypeSize == 8)
    4266      587686 :                 memcpy(pDstData, pSrcData, 8);
    4267             :             else /* if( eSrcType == GDT_CFloat64 ) */
    4268       16605 :                 memcpy(pDstData, pSrcData, 16);
    4269             : #endif
    4270    14411900 :             return;
    4271             :         }
    4272             : 
    4273             :         // Let memcpy() handle the case where we're copying a packed buffer
    4274             :         // of pixels.
    4275      489225 :         if (nSrcPixelStride == nDstPixelStride)
    4276             :         {
    4277      227381 :             if (nSrcPixelStride == nSrcDataTypeSize)
    4278             :             {
    4279      227313 :                 memcpy(pDstData, pSrcData, nWordCount * nSrcDataTypeSize);
    4280      227313 :                 return;
    4281             :             }
    4282             :         }
    4283             :     }
    4284             : 
    4285             :     // Handle the more general case -- deals with conversion of data types
    4286             :     // directly.
    4287    61313900 :     switch (eSrcType)
    4288             :     {
    4289    20306500 :         case GDT_UInt8:
    4290    20306500 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<unsigned char>(
    4291             :                 static_cast<const unsigned char *>(pSrcData), nSrcPixelStride,
    4292             :                 false, pDstData, eDstType, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4293    20306500 :             break;
    4294        1786 :         case GDT_Int8:
    4295        1786 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<signed char>(
    4296             :                 static_cast<const signed char *>(pSrcData), nSrcPixelStride,
    4297             :                 false, pDstData, eDstType, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4298        1786 :             break;
    4299       55545 :         case GDT_UInt16:
    4300       55545 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<unsigned short>(
    4301             :                 static_cast<const unsigned short *>(pSrcData), nSrcPixelStride,
    4302             :                 false, pDstData, eDstType, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4303       55545 :             break;
    4304     6519830 :         case GDT_Int16:
    4305     6519830 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<short>(static_cast<const short *>(pSrcData),
    4306             :                                       nSrcPixelStride, false, pDstData,
    4307             :                                       eDstType, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4308     6519830 :             break;
    4309        8250 :         case GDT_UInt32:
    4310        8250 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<unsigned int>(
    4311             :                 static_cast<const unsigned int *>(pSrcData), nSrcPixelStride,
    4312             :                 false, pDstData, eDstType, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4313        8250 :             break;
    4314    12254800 :         case GDT_Int32:
    4315    12254800 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<int>(static_cast<const int *>(pSrcData),
    4316             :                                     nSrcPixelStride, false, pDstData, eDstType,
    4317             :                                     nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4318    12254800 :             break;
    4319        2205 :         case GDT_UInt64:
    4320        2205 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<std::uint64_t>(
    4321             :                 static_cast<const std::uint64_t *>(pSrcData), nSrcPixelStride,
    4322             :                 false, pDstData, eDstType, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4323        2205 :             break;
    4324       11729 :         case GDT_Int64:
    4325       11729 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<std::int64_t>(
    4326             :                 static_cast<const std::int64_t *>(pSrcData), nSrcPixelStride,
    4327             :                 false, pDstData, eDstType, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4328       11729 :             break;
    4329        1387 :         case GDT_Float16:
    4330        1387 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<GFloat16>(
    4331             :                 static_cast<const GFloat16 *>(pSrcData), nSrcPixelStride, false,
    4332             :                 pDstData, eDstType, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4333        1387 :             break;
    4334      664922 :         case GDT_Float32:
    4335      664922 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<float>(static_cast<const float *>(pSrcData),
    4336             :                                       nSrcPixelStride, false, pDstData,
    4337             :                                       eDstType, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4338      664922 :             break;
    4339    20726100 :         case GDT_Float64:
    4340    20726100 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<double>(static_cast<const double *>(pSrcData),
    4341             :                                        nSrcPixelStride, false, pDstData,
    4342             :                                        eDstType, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4343    20726100 :             break;
    4344      478486 :         case GDT_CInt16:
    4345      478486 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<short>(static_cast<const short *>(pSrcData),
    4346             :                                       nSrcPixelStride, true, pDstData, eDstType,
    4347             :                                       nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4348      478486 :             break;
    4349         868 :         case GDT_CInt32:
    4350         868 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<int>(static_cast<const int *>(pSrcData),
    4351             :                                     nSrcPixelStride, true, pDstData, eDstType,
    4352             :                                     nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4353         868 :             break;
    4354         508 :         case GDT_CFloat16:
    4355         508 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<GFloat16>(
    4356             :                 static_cast<const GFloat16 *>(pSrcData), nSrcPixelStride, true,
    4357             :                 pDstData, eDstType, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4358         508 :             break;
    4359        2437 :         case GDT_CFloat32:
    4360        2437 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<float>(static_cast<const float *>(pSrcData),
    4361             :                                       nSrcPixelStride, true, pDstData, eDstType,
    4362             :                                       nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4363        2437 :             break;
    4364      278617 :         case GDT_CFloat64:
    4365      278617 :             GDALCopyWordsFromT<double>(static_cast<const double *>(pSrcData),
    4366             :                                        nSrcPixelStride, true, pDstData,
    4367             :                                        eDstType, nDstPixelStride, nWordCount);
    4368      278617 :             break;
    4369           0 :         case GDT_Unknown:
    4370             :         case GDT_TypeCount:
    4371           0 :             CPLAssert(false);
    4372             :     }
    4373             : }
    4374             : 
    4375             : /************************************************************************/
    4376             : /*                            GDALCopyBits()                            */
    4377             : /************************************************************************/
    4378             : 
    4379             : /**
    4380             :  * Bitwise word copying.
    4381             :  *
    4382             :  * A function for moving sets of partial bytes around.  Loosely
    4383             :  * speaking this is a bitwise analog to GDALCopyWords().
    4384             :  *
    4385             :  * It copies nStepCount "words" where each word is nBitCount bits long.
    4386             :  * The nSrcStep and nDstStep are the number of bits from the start of one
    4387             :  * word to the next (same as nBitCount if they are packed).  The nSrcOffset
    4388             :  * and nDstOffset are the offset into the source and destination buffers
    4389             :  * to start at, also measured in bits.
    4390             :  *
    4391             :  * All bit offsets are assumed to start from the high order bit in a byte
    4392             :  * (i.e. most significant bit first).  Currently this function is not very
    4393             :  * optimized, but it may be improved for some common cases in the future
    4394             :  * as needed.
    4395             :  *
    4396             :  * @param pabySrcData the source data buffer.
    4397             :  * @param nSrcOffset the offset (in bits) in pabySrcData to the start of the
    4398             :  * first word to copy.
    4399             :  * @param nSrcStep the offset in bits from the start one source word to the
    4400             :  * start of the next.
    4401             :  * @param pabyDstData the destination data buffer.
    4402             :  * @param nDstOffset the offset (in bits) in pabyDstData to the start of the
    4403             :  * first word to copy over.
    4404             :  * @param nDstStep the offset in bits from the start one word to the
    4405             :  * start of the next.
    4406             :  * @param nBitCount the number of bits in a word to be copied.
    4407             :  * @param nStepCount the number of words to copy.
    4408             :  */
    4409             : 
    4410           0 : void GDALCopyBits(const GByte *pabySrcData, int nSrcOffset, int nSrcStep,
    4411             :                   GByte *pabyDstData, int nDstOffset, int nDstStep,
    4412             :                   int nBitCount, int nStepCount)
    4413             : 
    4414             : {
    4415           0 :     VALIDATE_POINTER0(pabySrcData, "GDALCopyBits");
    4416             : 
    4417           0 :     for (int iStep = 0; iStep < nStepCount; iStep++)
    4418             :     {
    4419           0 :         for (int iBit = 0; iBit < nBitCount; iBit++)
    4420             :         {
    4421           0 :             if (pabySrcData[nSrcOffset >> 3] & (0x80 >> (nSrcOffset & 7)))
    4422           0 :                 pabyDstData[nDstOffset >> 3] |= (0x80 >> (nDstOffset & 7));
    4423             :             else
    4424           0 :                 pabyDstData[nDstOffset >> 3] &= ~(0x80 >> (nDstOffset & 7));
    4425             : 
    4426           0 :             nSrcOffset++;
    4427           0 :             nDstOffset++;
    4428             :         }
    4429             : 
    4430           0 :         nSrcOffset += (nSrcStep - nBitCount);
    4431           0 :         nDstOffset += (nDstStep - nBitCount);
    4432             :     }
    4433             : }
    4434             : 
    4435             : /************************************************************************/
    4436             : /*                    GDALBandGetBestOverviewLevel()                    */
    4437             : /************************************************************************/
    4438             : 
    4439      525463 : int GDALBandGetBestOverviewLevel(GDALRasterBand *poBand,
    4440             :                                  double dfTargetDownsamplingRatio,
    4441             :                                  double dfOversamplingThreshold)
    4442             : {
    4443      525463 :     int iBestOvr = -1;
    4444      525463 :     double dfBestRatio = 0;
    4445      525463 :     const int nOvCount = poBand->GetOverviewCount();
    4446      525463 :     constexpr double EPSILON = 1e-1;
    4447     1053620 :     for (int iOvr = -1; iOvr < nOvCount; iOvr++)
    4448             :     {
    4449      531090 :         double dfOvrRatio = 1.0;
    4450      531090 :         GDALRasterBand *poOvrBand = nullptr;
    4451      531090 :         if (iOvr >= 0)
    4452             :         {
    4453        5627 :             poOvrBand = poBand->GetOverview(iOvr);
    4454       11254 :             if (poOvrBand == nullptr ||
    4455       11254 :                 poOvrBand->GetXSize() > poBand->GetXSize() ||
    4456        5627 :                 poOvrBand->GetYSize() > poBand->GetYSize())
    4457             :             {
    4458           0 :                 continue;
    4459             :             }
    4460       22508 :             dfOvrRatio = std::min(static_cast<double>(poBand->GetXSize()) /
    4461        5627 :                                       poOvrBand->GetXSize(),
    4462       11254 :                                   static_cast<double>(poBand->GetYSize()) /
    4463       11254 :                                       poOvrBand->GetYSize());
    4464             :         }
    4465             : 
    4466             :         // Is it nearly the requested factor and better (lower) than
    4467             :         // the current best factor?
    4468             :         // Use an epsilon because of numerical instability.
    4469      531197 :         if (dfOvrRatio >=
    4470      531090 :                 dfTargetDownsamplingRatio * dfOversamplingThreshold + EPSILON ||
    4471             :             dfOvrRatio <= dfBestRatio)
    4472             :         {
    4473         107 :             continue;
    4474             :         }
    4475             : 
    4476      530983 :         if (poOvrBand)
    4477             :         {
    4478             :             // Ignore AVERAGE_BIT2GRAYSCALE overviews.
    4479             :             const char *pszResampling =
    4480        5520 :                 poOvrBand->GetMetadataItem("RESAMPLING");
    4481        5520 :             if (pszResampling != nullptr &&
    4482          71 :                 STARTS_WITH_CI(pszResampling, "AVERAGE_BIT2"))
    4483             :             {
    4484          16 :                 continue;
    4485             :             }
    4486             :         }
    4487             : 
    4488      530967 :         iBestOvr = iOvr;
    4489      530967 :         dfBestRatio = dfOvrRatio;
    4490      530967 :         if (std::abs(dfTargetDownsamplingRatio - dfOvrRatio) < EPSILON)
    4491             :         {
    4492        2938 :             break;
    4493             :         }
    4494             :     }
    4495      525463 :     return iBestOvr;
    4496             : }
    4497             : 
    4498             : /************************************************************************/
    4499             : /*                    GDALGetBestOverviewLevel()                        */
    4500             : /*                                                                      */
    4501             : /* Returns the best overview level to satisfy the query or -1 if none   */
    4502             : /* Also updates nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize and psExtraArg when        */
    4503             : /* returning a valid overview level                                     */
    4504             : /************************************************************************/
    4505             : 
    4506           0 : int GDALBandGetBestOverviewLevel(GDALRasterBand *poBand, int &nXOff, int &nYOff,
    4507             :                                  int &nXSize, int &nYSize, int nBufXSize,
    4508             :                                  int nBufYSize)
    4509             : {
    4510           0 :     return GDALBandGetBestOverviewLevel2(poBand, nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize,
    4511           0 :                                          nBufXSize, nBufYSize, nullptr);
    4512             : }
    4513             : 
    4514      525556 : int GDALBandGetBestOverviewLevel2(GDALRasterBand *poBand, int &nXOff,
    4515             :                                   int &nYOff, int &nXSize, int &nYSize,
    4516             :                                   int nBufXSize, int nBufYSize,
    4517             :                                   GDALRasterIOExtraArg *psExtraArg)
    4518             : {
    4519      525556 :     if (psExtraArg != nullptr && psExtraArg->nVersion > 1 &&
    4520      525556 :         psExtraArg->bUseOnlyThisScale)
    4521         109 :         return -1;
    4522             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4523             :     /*      Compute the desired downsampling factor.  It is                 */
    4524             :     /*      based on the least reduced axis, and represents the number      */
    4525             :     /*      of source pixels to one destination pixel.                      */
    4526             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4527      525447 :     const double dfDesiredDownsamplingFactor =
    4528      525447 :         ((nXSize / static_cast<double>(nBufXSize)) <
    4529      363107 :              (nYSize / static_cast<double>(nBufYSize)) ||
    4530             :          nBufYSize == 1)
    4531      755372 :             ? nXSize / static_cast<double>(nBufXSize)
    4532      133182 :             : nYSize / static_cast<double>(nBufYSize);
    4533             : 
    4534             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4535             :     /*      Find the overview level that largest downsampling factor (most  */
    4536             :     /*      downsampled) that is still less than (or only a little more)    */
    4537             :     /*      downsampled than the request.                                   */
    4538             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4539             : 
    4540             :     const char *pszOversampligThreshold =
    4541      525447 :         CPLGetConfigOption("GDAL_OVERVIEW_OVERSAMPLING_THRESHOLD", nullptr);
    4542             : 
    4543             :     // Cf https://github.com/OSGeo/gdal/pull/9040#issuecomment-1898524693
    4544             :     const double dfOversamplingThreshold =
    4545     1050880 :         pszOversampligThreshold ? CPLAtof(pszOversampligThreshold)
    4546      525438 :         : psExtraArg && psExtraArg->eResampleAlg != GRIORA_NearestNeighbour
    4547     1050880 :             ? 1.0
    4548      525447 :             : 1.2;
    4549      525447 :     const int iBestOvrLevel = GDALBandGetBestOverviewLevel(
    4550             :         poBand, dfDesiredDownsamplingFactor, dfOversamplingThreshold);
    4551             : 
    4552             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4553             :     /*      If we didn't find an overview that helps us, just return        */
    4554             :     /*      indicating failure and the full resolution image will be used.  */
    4555             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4556      525447 :     if (iBestOvrLevel < 0)
    4557      522454 :         return -1;
    4558        2993 :     const GDALRasterBand *poBestOverview = poBand->GetOverview(iBestOvrLevel);
    4559             : 
    4560             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4561             :     /*      Recompute the source window in terms of the selected            */
    4562             :     /*      overview.                                                       */
    4563             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4564             :     const double dfXFactor =
    4565        2993 :         poBand->GetXSize() / static_cast<double>(poBestOverview->GetXSize());
    4566             :     const double dfYFactor =
    4567        2993 :         poBand->GetYSize() / static_cast<double>(poBestOverview->GetYSize());
    4568        2993 :     CPLDebug("GDAL", "Selecting overview %d x %d", poBestOverview->GetXSize(),
    4569             :              poBestOverview->GetYSize());
    4570             : 
    4571        8979 :     const int nOXOff = std::min(poBestOverview->GetXSize() - 1,
    4572        2993 :                                 static_cast<int>(nXOff / dfXFactor + 0.5));
    4573        8979 :     const int nOYOff = std::min(poBestOverview->GetYSize() - 1,
    4574        2993 :                                 static_cast<int>(nYOff / dfYFactor + 0.5));
    4575        2993 :     int nOXSize = std::max(1, static_cast<int>(nXSize / dfXFactor + 0.5));
    4576        2993 :     int nOYSize = std::max(1, static_cast<int>(nYSize / dfYFactor + 0.5));
    4577        2993 :     if (nOXOff + nOXSize > poBestOverview->GetXSize())
    4578           0 :         nOXSize = poBestOverview->GetXSize() - nOXOff;
    4579        2993 :     if (nOYOff + nOYSize > poBestOverview->GetYSize())
    4580           2 :         nOYSize = poBestOverview->GetYSize() - nOYOff;
    4581             : 
    4582        2993 :     if (psExtraArg)
    4583             :     {
    4584        2993 :         if (psExtraArg->bFloatingPointWindowValidity)
    4585             :         {
    4586         117 :             psExtraArg->dfXOff /= dfXFactor;
    4587         117 :             psExtraArg->dfXSize /= dfXFactor;
    4588         117 :             psExtraArg->dfYOff /= dfYFactor;
    4589         117 :             psExtraArg->dfYSize /= dfYFactor;
    4590             :         }
    4591        2876 :         else if (psExtraArg->eResampleAlg != GRIORA_NearestNeighbour)
    4592             :         {
    4593          16 :             psExtraArg->bFloatingPointWindowValidity = true;
    4594          16 :             psExtraArg->dfXOff = nXOff / dfXFactor;
    4595          16 :             psExtraArg->dfXSize = nXSize / dfXFactor;
    4596          16 :             psExtraArg->dfYOff = nYOff / dfYFactor;
    4597          16 :             psExtraArg->dfYSize = nYSize / dfYFactor;
    4598             :         }
    4599             :     }
    4600             : 
    4601        2993 :     nXOff = nOXOff;
    4602        2993 :     nYOff = nOYOff;
    4603        2993 :     nXSize = nOXSize;
    4604        2993 :     nYSize = nOYSize;
    4605             : 
    4606        2993 :     return iBestOvrLevel;
    4607             : }
    4608             : 
    4609             : /************************************************************************/
    4610             : /*                          OverviewRasterIO()                          */
    4611             : /*                                                                      */
    4612             : /*      Special work function to utilize available overviews to         */
    4613             : /*      more efficiently satisfy downsampled requests.  It will         */
    4614             : /*      return CE_Failure if there are no appropriate overviews         */
    4615             : /*      available but it doesn't emit any error messages.               */
    4616             : /************************************************************************/
    4617             : 
    4618             : //! @cond Doxygen_Suppress
    4619           1 : CPLErr GDALRasterBand::OverviewRasterIO(
    4620             :     GDALRWFlag eRWFlag, int nXOff, int nYOff, int nXSize, int nYSize,
    4621             :     void *pData, int nBufXSize, int nBufYSize, GDALDataType eBufType,
    4622             :     GSpacing nPixelSpace, GSpacing nLineSpace, GDALRasterIOExtraArg *psExtraArg)
    4623             : 
    4624             : {
    4625             :     GDALRasterIOExtraArg sExtraArg;
    4626           1 :     GDALCopyRasterIOExtraArg(&sExtraArg, psExtraArg);
    4627             : 
    4628           1 :     const int nOverview = GDALBandGetBestOverviewLevel2(
    4629             :         this, nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize, nBufXSize, nBufYSize, &sExtraArg);
    4630           1 :     if (nOverview < 0)
    4631           1 :         return CE_Failure;
    4632             : 
    4633             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4634             :     /*      Recast the call in terms of the new raster layer.               */
    4635             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4636           0 :     GDALRasterBand *poOverviewBand = GetOverview(nOverview);
    4637           0 :     if (poOverviewBand == nullptr)
    4638           0 :         return CE_Failure;
    4639             : 
    4640           0 :     return poOverviewBand->RasterIO(eRWFlag, nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize,
    4641             :                                     pData, nBufXSize, nBufYSize, eBufType,
    4642           0 :                                     nPixelSpace, nLineSpace, &sExtraArg);
    4643             : }
    4644             : 
    4645             : /************************************************************************/
    4646             : /*                        TryOverviewRasterIO()                         */
    4647             : /************************************************************************/
    4648             : 
    4649      362428 : CPLErr GDALRasterBand::TryOverviewRasterIO(
    4650             :     GDALRWFlag eRWFlag, int nXOff, int nYOff, int nXSize, int nYSize,
    4651             :     void *pData, int nBufXSize, int nBufYSize, GDALDataType eBufType,
    4652             :     GSpacing nPixelSpace, GSpacing nLineSpace, GDALRasterIOExtraArg *psExtraArg,
    4653             :     int *pbTried)
    4654             : {
    4655      362428 :     int nXOffMod = nXOff;
    4656      362428 :     int nYOffMod = nYOff;
    4657      362428 :     int nXSizeMod = nXSize;
    4658      362428 :     int nYSizeMod = nYSize;
    4659             :     GDALRasterIOExtraArg sExtraArg;
    4660             : 
    4661      362428 :     GDALCopyRasterIOExtraArg(&sExtraArg, psExtraArg);
    4662             : 
    4663      362428 :     int iOvrLevel = GDALBandGetBestOverviewLevel2(
    4664             :         this, nXOffMod, nYOffMod, nXSizeMod, nYSizeMod, nBufXSize, nBufYSize,
    4665             :         &sExtraArg);
    4666             : 
    4667      362428 :     if (iOvrLevel >= 0)
    4668             :     {
    4669          53 :         GDALRasterBand *poOverviewBand = GetOverview(iOvrLevel);
    4670          53 :         if (poOverviewBand)
    4671             :         {
    4672          53 :             *pbTried = TRUE;
    4673          53 :             return poOverviewBand->RasterIO(
    4674             :                 eRWFlag, nXOffMod, nYOffMod, nXSizeMod, nYSizeMod, pData,
    4675             :                 nBufXSize, nBufYSize, eBufType, nPixelSpace, nLineSpace,
    4676          53 :                 &sExtraArg);
    4677             :         }
    4678             :     }
    4679             : 
    4680      362375 :     *pbTried = FALSE;
    4681      362375 :     return CE_None;
    4682             : }
    4683             : 
    4684             : /************************************************************************/
    4685             : /*                        TryOverviewRasterIO()                         */
    4686             : /************************************************************************/
    4687             : 
    4688      160153 : CPLErr GDALDataset::TryOverviewRasterIO(
    4689             :     GDALRWFlag eRWFlag, int nXOff, int nYOff, int nXSize, int nYSize,
    4690             :     void *pData, int nBufXSize, int nBufYSize, GDALDataType eBufType,
    4691             :     int nBandCount, const int *panBandMap, GSpacing nPixelSpace,
    4692             :     GSpacing nLineSpace, GSpacing nBandSpace, GDALRasterIOExtraArg *psExtraArg,
    4693             :     int *pbTried)
    4694             : {
    4695      160153 :     int nXOffMod = nXOff;
    4696      160153 :     int nYOffMod = nYOff;
    4697      160153 :     int nXSizeMod = nXSize;
    4698      160153 :     int nYSizeMod = nYSize;
    4699             :     GDALRasterIOExtraArg sExtraArg;
    4700      160153 :     GDALCopyRasterIOExtraArg(&sExtraArg, psExtraArg);
    4701             : 
    4702      320306 :     int iOvrLevel = GDALBandGetBestOverviewLevel2(
    4703      160153 :         papoBands[0], nXOffMod, nYOffMod, nXSizeMod, nYSizeMod, nBufXSize,
    4704             :         nBufYSize, &sExtraArg);
    4705             : 
    4706      160196 :     if (iOvrLevel >= 0 && papoBands[0]->GetOverview(iOvrLevel) != nullptr &&
    4707          43 :         papoBands[0]->GetOverview(iOvrLevel)->GetDataset() != nullptr)
    4708             :     {
    4709          43 :         *pbTried = TRUE;
    4710          43 :         return papoBands[0]->GetOverview(iOvrLevel)->GetDataset()->RasterIO(
    4711             :             eRWFlag, nXOffMod, nYOffMod, nXSizeMod, nYSizeMod, pData, nBufXSize,
    4712             :             nBufYSize, eBufType, nBandCount, panBandMap, nPixelSpace,
    4713          43 :             nLineSpace, nBandSpace, &sExtraArg);
    4714             :     }
    4715             :     else
    4716             :     {
    4717      160110 :         *pbTried = FALSE;
    4718      160110 :         return CE_None;
    4719             :     }
    4720             : }
    4721             : 
    4722             : /************************************************************************/
    4723             : /*                        GetBestOverviewLevel()                        */
    4724             : /*                                                                      */
    4725             : /* Returns the best overview level to satisfy the query or -1 if none   */
    4726             : /* Also updates nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize when returning a valid     */
    4727             : /* overview level                                                       */
    4728             : /************************************************************************/
    4729             : 
    4730           4 : static int GDALDatasetGetBestOverviewLevel(GDALDataset *poDS, int &nXOff,
    4731             :                                            int &nYOff, int &nXSize, int &nYSize,
    4732             :                                            int nBufXSize, int nBufYSize,
    4733             :                                            int nBandCount,
    4734             :                                            const int *panBandMap,
    4735             :                                            GDALRasterIOExtraArg *psExtraArg)
    4736             : {
    4737           4 :     int nOverviewCount = 0;
    4738           4 :     GDALRasterBand *poFirstBand = nullptr;
    4739             : 
    4740             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4741             :     /* Check that all bands have the same number of overviews and           */
    4742             :     /* that they have all the same size and block dimensions                */
    4743             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4744          12 :     for (int iBand = 0; iBand < nBandCount; iBand++)
    4745             :     {
    4746           8 :         GDALRasterBand *poBand = poDS->GetRasterBand(panBandMap[iBand]);
    4747           8 :         if (poBand == nullptr)
    4748           0 :             return -1;
    4749           8 :         if (iBand == 0)
    4750             :         {
    4751           4 :             poFirstBand = poBand;
    4752           4 :             nOverviewCount = poBand->GetOverviewCount();
    4753             :         }
    4754           4 :         else if (nOverviewCount != poBand->GetOverviewCount())
    4755             :         {
    4756           0 :             CPLDebug("GDAL", "GDALDataset::GetBestOverviewLevel() ... "
    4757             :                              "mismatched overview count, use std method.");
    4758           0 :             return -1;
    4759             :         }
    4760             :         else
    4761             :         {
    4762           4 :             for (int iOverview = 0; iOverview < nOverviewCount; iOverview++)
    4763             :             {
    4764           0 :                 GDALRasterBand *poOvrBand = poBand->GetOverview(iOverview);
    4765             :                 GDALRasterBand *poOvrFirstBand =
    4766           0 :                     poFirstBand->GetOverview(iOverview);
    4767           0 :                 if (poOvrBand == nullptr || poOvrFirstBand == nullptr)
    4768           0 :                     continue;
    4769             : 
    4770           0 :                 if (poOvrFirstBand->GetXSize() != poOvrBand->GetXSize() ||
    4771           0 :                     poOvrFirstBand->GetYSize() != poOvrBand->GetYSize())
    4772             :                 {
    4773           0 :                     CPLDebug("GDAL",
    4774             :                              "GDALDataset::GetBestOverviewLevel() ... "
    4775             :                              "mismatched overview sizes, use std method.");
    4776           0 :                     return -1;
    4777             :                 }
    4778           0 :                 int nBlockXSizeFirst = 0;
    4779           0 :                 int nBlockYSizeFirst = 0;
    4780           0 :                 poOvrFirstBand->GetBlockSize(&nBlockXSizeFirst,
    4781             :                                              &nBlockYSizeFirst);
    4782             : 
    4783           0 :                 int nBlockXSizeCurrent = 0;
    4784           0 :                 int nBlockYSizeCurrent = 0;
    4785           0 :                 poOvrBand->GetBlockSize(&nBlockXSizeCurrent,
    4786             :                                         &nBlockYSizeCurrent);
    4787             : 
    4788           0 :                 if (nBlockXSizeFirst != nBlockXSizeCurrent ||
    4789           0 :                     nBlockYSizeFirst != nBlockYSizeCurrent)
    4790             :                 {
    4791           0 :                     CPLDebug("GDAL", "GDALDataset::GetBestOverviewLevel() ... "
    4792             :                                      "mismatched block sizes, use std method.");
    4793           0 :                     return -1;
    4794             :                 }
    4795             :             }
    4796             :         }
    4797             :     }
    4798           4 :     if (poFirstBand == nullptr)
    4799           0 :         return -1;
    4800             : 
    4801           4 :     return GDALBandGetBestOverviewLevel2(poFirstBand, nXOff, nYOff, nXSize,
    4802             :                                          nYSize, nBufXSize, nBufYSize,
    4803           4 :                                          psExtraArg);
    4804             : }
    4805             : 
    4806             : /************************************************************************/
    4807             : /*                         BlockBasedRasterIO()                         */
    4808             : /*                                                                      */
    4809             : /*      This convenience function implements a dataset level            */
    4810             : /*      RasterIO() interface based on calling down to fetch blocks,     */
    4811             : /*      much like the GDALRasterBand::IRasterIO(), but it handles       */
    4812             : /*      all bands at once, so that a format driver that handles a       */
    4813             : /*      request for different bands of the same block efficiently       */
    4814             : /*      (i.e. without re-reading interleaved data) will efficiently.    */
    4815             : /*                                                                      */
    4816             : /*      This method is intended to be called by an overridden           */
    4817             : /*      IRasterIO() method in the driver specific GDALDataset           */
    4818             : /*      derived class.                                                  */
    4819             : /*                                                                      */
    4820             : /*      Default internal implementation of RasterIO() ... utilizes      */
    4821             : /*      the Block access methods to satisfy the request.  This would    */
    4822             : /*      normally only be overridden by formats with overviews.          */
    4823             : /*                                                                      */
    4824             : /*      To keep things relatively simple, this method does not          */
    4825             : /*      currently take advantage of some special cases addressed in     */
    4826             : /*      GDALRasterBand::IRasterIO(), so it is likely best to only       */
    4827             : /*      call it when you know it will help.  That is in cases where     */
    4828             : /*      data is at 1:1 to the buffer, and you know the driver is        */
    4829             : /*      implementing interleaved IO efficiently on a block by block     */
    4830             : /*      basis. Overviews will be used when possible.                    */
    4831             : /************************************************************************/
    4832             : 
    4833       65946 : CPLErr GDALDataset::BlockBasedRasterIO(
    4834             :     GDALRWFlag eRWFlag, int nXOff, int nYOff, int nXSize, int nYSize,
    4835             :     void *pData, int nBufXSize, int nBufYSize, GDALDataType eBufType,
    4836             :     int nBandCount, const int *panBandMap, GSpacing nPixelSpace,
    4837             :     GSpacing nLineSpace, GSpacing nBandSpace, GDALRasterIOExtraArg *psExtraArg)
    4838             : 
    4839             : {
    4840       65946 :     CPLAssert(nullptr != pData);
    4841             : 
    4842       65946 :     GByte **papabySrcBlock = nullptr;
    4843       65946 :     GDALRasterBlock *poBlock = nullptr;
    4844       65946 :     GDALRasterBlock **papoBlocks = nullptr;
    4845       65946 :     int nLBlockX = -1;
    4846       65946 :     int nLBlockY = -1;
    4847             :     int iBufYOff;
    4848             :     int iBufXOff;
    4849       65946 :     int nBlockXSize = 1;
    4850       65946 :     int nBlockYSize = 1;
    4851       65946 :     CPLErr eErr = CE_None;
    4852       65946 :     GDALDataType eDataType = GDT_UInt8;
    4853             : 
    4854       65946 :     const bool bUseIntegerRequestCoords =
    4855       65989 :         (!psExtraArg->bFloatingPointWindowValidity ||
    4856          43 :          (nXOff == psExtraArg->dfXOff && nYOff == psExtraArg->dfYOff &&
    4857          41 :           nXSize == psExtraArg->dfXSize && nYSize == psExtraArg->dfYSize));
    4858             : 
    4859             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4860             :     /*      Ensure that all bands share a common block size and data type.  */
    4861             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4862      312044 :     for (int iBand = 0; iBand < nBandCount; iBand++)
    4863             :     {
    4864      246098 :         GDALRasterBand *poBand = GetRasterBand(panBandMap[iBand]);
    4865             : 
    4866      246098 :         if (iBand == 0)
    4867             :         {
    4868       65946 :             poBand->GetBlockSize(&nBlockXSize, &nBlockYSize);
    4869       65946 :             eDataType = poBand->GetRasterDataType();
    4870             :         }
    4871             :         else
    4872             :         {
    4873      180152 :             int nThisBlockXSize = 0;
    4874      180152 :             int nThisBlockYSize = 0;
    4875      180152 :             poBand->GetBlockSize(&nThisBlockXSize, &nThisBlockYSize);
    4876      180152 :             if (nThisBlockXSize != nBlockXSize ||
    4877      180152 :                 nThisBlockYSize != nBlockYSize)
    4878             :             {
    4879           0 :                 CPLDebug("GDAL", "GDALDataset::BlockBasedRasterIO() ... "
    4880             :                                  "mismatched block sizes, use std method.");
    4881           0 :                 return BandBasedRasterIO(eRWFlag, nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize,
    4882             :                                          pData, nBufXSize, nBufYSize, eBufType,
    4883             :                                          nBandCount, panBandMap, nPixelSpace,
    4884           0 :                                          nLineSpace, nBandSpace, psExtraArg);
    4885             :             }
    4886             : 
    4887      180152 :             if (eDataType != poBand->GetRasterDataType() &&
    4888           0 :                 (nXSize != nBufXSize || nYSize != nBufYSize))
    4889             :             {
    4890           0 :                 CPLDebug("GDAL", "GDALDataset::BlockBasedRasterIO() ... "
    4891             :                                  "mismatched band data types, use std method.");
    4892           0 :                 return BandBasedRasterIO(eRWFlag, nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize,
    4893             :                                          pData, nBufXSize, nBufYSize, eBufType,
    4894             :                                          nBandCount, panBandMap, nPixelSpace,
    4895           0 :                                          nLineSpace, nBandSpace, psExtraArg);
    4896             :             }
    4897             :         }
    4898             :     }
    4899             : 
    4900             :     /* ==================================================================== */
    4901             :     /*      In this special case at full resolution we step through in      */
    4902             :     /*      blocks, turning the request over to the per-band                */
    4903             :     /*      IRasterIO(), but ensuring that all bands of one block are       */
    4904             :     /*      called before proceeding to the next.                           */
    4905             :     /* ==================================================================== */
    4906             : 
    4907       65946 :     if (nXSize == nBufXSize && nYSize == nBufYSize && bUseIntegerRequestCoords)
    4908             :     {
    4909             :         GDALRasterIOExtraArg sDummyExtraArg;
    4910       65942 :         INIT_RASTERIO_EXTRA_ARG(sDummyExtraArg);
    4911             : 
    4912       65942 :         int nChunkYSize = 0;
    4913       65942 :         int nChunkXSize = 0;
    4914             : 
    4915      215387 :         for (iBufYOff = 0; iBufYOff < nBufYSize; iBufYOff += nChunkYSize)
    4916             :         {
    4917      150461 :             const int nChunkYOff = iBufYOff + nYOff;
    4918      150461 :             nChunkYSize = nBlockYSize - (nChunkYOff % nBlockYSize);
    4919      150461 :             if (nChunkYOff + nChunkYSize > nYOff + nYSize)
    4920       60937 :                 nChunkYSize = (nYOff + nYSize) - nChunkYOff;
    4921             : 
    4922      825895 :             for (iBufXOff = 0; iBufXOff < nBufXSize; iBufXOff += nChunkXSize)
    4923             :             {
    4924      676449 :                 const int nChunkXOff = iBufXOff + nXOff;
    4925      676449 :                 nChunkXSize = nBlockXSize - (nChunkXOff % nBlockXSize);
    4926      676449 :                 if (nChunkXOff + nChunkXSize > nXOff + nXSize)
    4927       71009 :                     nChunkXSize = (nXOff + nXSize) - nChunkXOff;
    4928             : 
    4929      676449 :                 GByte *pabyChunkData =
    4930      676449 :                     static_cast<GByte *>(pData) + iBufXOff * nPixelSpace +
    4931      676449 :                     static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iBufYOff) * nLineSpace;
    4932             : 
    4933     3291110 :                 for (int iBand = 0; iBand < nBandCount; iBand++)
    4934             :                 {
    4935     2615670 :                     GDALRasterBand *poBand = GetRasterBand(panBandMap[iBand]);
    4936             : 
    4937     5231350 :                     eErr = poBand->IRasterIO(
    4938             :                         eRWFlag, nChunkXOff, nChunkYOff, nChunkXSize,
    4939             :                         nChunkYSize,
    4940     2615670 :                         pabyChunkData +
    4941     2615670 :                             static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iBand) * nBandSpace,
    4942             :                         nChunkXSize, nChunkYSize, eBufType, nPixelSpace,
    4943     2615670 :                         nLineSpace, &sDummyExtraArg);
    4944     2615670 :                     if (eErr != CE_None)
    4945        1015 :                         return eErr;
    4946             :                 }
    4947             :             }
    4948             : 
    4949      168360 :             if (psExtraArg->pfnProgress != nullptr &&
    4950       18914 :                 !psExtraArg->pfnProgress(
    4951      168360 :                     1.0 * std::min(nBufYSize, iBufYOff + nChunkYSize) /
    4952             :                         nBufYSize,
    4953             :                     "", psExtraArg->pProgressData))
    4954             :             {
    4955           1 :                 return CE_Failure;
    4956             :             }
    4957             :         }
    4958             : 
    4959       64926 :         return CE_None;
    4960             :     }
    4961             : 
    4962             :     /* Below code is not compatible with that case. It would need a complete */
    4963             :     /* separate code like done in GDALRasterBand::IRasterIO. */
    4964           4 :     if (eRWFlag == GF_Write && (nBufXSize < nXSize || nBufYSize < nYSize))
    4965             :     {
    4966           0 :         return BandBasedRasterIO(eRWFlag, nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize, pData,
    4967             :                                  nBufXSize, nBufYSize, eBufType, nBandCount,
    4968             :                                  panBandMap, nPixelSpace, nLineSpace,
    4969           0 :                                  nBandSpace, psExtraArg);
    4970             :     }
    4971             : 
    4972             :     /* We could have a smarter implementation, but that will do for now */
    4973           4 :     if (psExtraArg->eResampleAlg != GRIORA_NearestNeighbour &&
    4974           0 :         (nBufXSize != nXSize || nBufYSize != nYSize))
    4975             :     {
    4976           0 :         return BandBasedRasterIO(eRWFlag, nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize, pData,
    4977             :                                  nBufXSize, nBufYSize, eBufType, nBandCount,
    4978             :                                  panBandMap, nPixelSpace, nLineSpace,
    4979           0 :                                  nBandSpace, psExtraArg);
    4980             :     }
    4981             : 
    4982             :     /* ==================================================================== */
    4983             :     /*      Loop reading required source blocks to satisfy output           */
    4984             :     /*      request.  This is the most general implementation.              */
    4985             :     /* ==================================================================== */
    4986             : 
    4987           4 :     const int nBandDataSize = GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eDataType);
    4988             : 
    4989             :     papabySrcBlock =
    4990           4 :         static_cast<GByte **>(CPLCalloc(sizeof(GByte *), nBandCount));
    4991             :     papoBlocks =
    4992           4 :         static_cast<GDALRasterBlock **>(CPLCalloc(sizeof(void *), nBandCount));
    4993             : 
    4994             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4995             :     /*      Select an overview level if appropriate.                        */
    4996             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    4997             : 
    4998             :     GDALRasterIOExtraArg sExtraArg;
    4999           4 :     GDALCopyRasterIOExtraArg(&sExtraArg, psExtraArg);
    5000           4 :     const int nOverviewLevel = GDALDatasetGetBestOverviewLevel(
    5001             :         this, nXOff, nYOff, nXSize, nYSize, nBufXSize, nBufYSize, nBandCount,
    5002             :         panBandMap, &sExtraArg);
    5003           4 :     if (nOverviewLevel >= 0)
    5004             :     {
    5005           2 :         GetRasterBand(panBandMap[0])
    5006           2 :             ->GetOverview(nOverviewLevel)
    5007           2 :             ->GetBlockSize(&nBlockXSize, &nBlockYSize);
    5008             :     }
    5009             : 
    5010           4 :     double dfXOff = nXOff;
    5011           4 :     double dfYOff = nYOff;
    5012           4 :     double dfXSize = nXSize;
    5013           4 :     double dfYSize = nYSize;
    5014           4 :     if (sExtraArg.bFloatingPointWindowValidity)
    5015             :     {
    5016           2 :         dfXOff = sExtraArg.dfXOff;
    5017           2 :         dfYOff = sExtraArg.dfYOff;
    5018           2 :         dfXSize = sExtraArg.dfXSize;
    5019           2 :         dfYSize = sExtraArg.dfYSize;
    5020             :     }
    5021             : 
    5022             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5023             :     /*      Compute stepping increment.                                     */
    5024             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5025           4 :     const double dfSrcXInc = dfXSize / static_cast<double>(nBufXSize);
    5026           4 :     const double dfSrcYInc = dfYSize / static_cast<double>(nBufYSize);
    5027             : 
    5028           4 :     constexpr double EPS = 1e-10;
    5029             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5030             :     /*      Loop over buffer computing source locations.                    */
    5031             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5032          36 :     for (iBufYOff = 0; iBufYOff < nBufYSize; iBufYOff++)
    5033             :     {
    5034             :         GPtrDiff_t iSrcOffset;
    5035             : 
    5036             :         // Add small epsilon to avoid some numeric precision issues.
    5037          32 :         const double dfSrcY = (iBufYOff + 0.5) * dfSrcYInc + dfYOff + EPS;
    5038          32 :         const int iSrcY = static_cast<int>(std::min(
    5039          32 :             std::max(0.0, dfSrcY), static_cast<double>(nRasterYSize - 1)));
    5040             : 
    5041          32 :         GPtrDiff_t iBufOffset = static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iBufYOff) *
    5042             :                                 static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nLineSpace);
    5043             : 
    5044         302 :         for (iBufXOff = 0; iBufXOff < nBufXSize; iBufXOff++)
    5045             :         {
    5046         270 :             const double dfSrcX = (iBufXOff + 0.5) * dfSrcXInc + dfXOff + EPS;
    5047         270 :             const int iSrcX = static_cast<int>(std::min(
    5048         270 :                 std::max(0.0, dfSrcX), static_cast<double>(nRasterXSize - 1)));
    5049             : 
    5050             :             // FIXME: this code likely doesn't work if the dirty block gets
    5051             :             // flushed to disk before being completely written. In the meantime,
    5052             :             // bJustInitialize should probably be set to FALSE even if it is not
    5053             :             // ideal performance wise, and for lossy compression
    5054             : 
    5055             :             /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
    5056             :              */
    5057             :             /*      Ensure we have the appropriate block loaded. */
    5058             :             /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
    5059             :              */
    5060         270 :             if (iSrcX < nLBlockX * nBlockXSize ||
    5061         270 :                 iSrcX - nBlockXSize >= nLBlockX * nBlockXSize ||
    5062         266 :                 iSrcY < nLBlockY * nBlockYSize ||
    5063         266 :                 iSrcY - nBlockYSize >= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize)
    5064             :             {
    5065           4 :                 nLBlockX = iSrcX / nBlockXSize;
    5066           4 :                 nLBlockY = iSrcY / nBlockYSize;
    5067             : 
    5068           4 :                 const bool bJustInitialize =
    5069           0 :                     eRWFlag == GF_Write && nYOff <= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize &&
    5070           0 :                     nYOff + nYSize - nBlockYSize >= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize &&
    5071           4 :                     nXOff <= nLBlockX * nBlockXSize &&
    5072           0 :                     nXOff + nXSize - nBlockXSize >= nLBlockX * nBlockXSize;
    5073             :                 /*bool bMemZeroBuffer = FALSE;
    5074             :                 if( eRWFlag == GF_Write && !bJustInitialize &&
    5075             :                     nXOff <= nLBlockX * nBlockXSize &&
    5076             :                     nYOff <= nLBlockY * nBlockYSize &&
    5077             :                     (nXOff + nXSize >= (nLBlockX+1) * nBlockXSize ||
    5078             :                      (nXOff + nXSize == GetRasterXSize() &&
    5079             :                      (nLBlockX+1) * nBlockXSize > GetRasterXSize())) &&
    5080             :                     (nYOff + nYSize >= (nLBlockY+1) * nBlockYSize ||
    5081             :                      (nYOff + nYSize == GetRasterYSize() &&
    5082             :                      (nLBlockY+1) * nBlockYSize > GetRasterYSize())) )
    5083             :                 {
    5084             :                     bJustInitialize = TRUE;
    5085             :                     bMemZeroBuffer = TRUE;
    5086             :                 }*/
    5087          12 :                 for (int iBand = 0; iBand < nBandCount; iBand++)
    5088             :                 {
    5089           8 :                     GDALRasterBand *poBand = GetRasterBand(panBandMap[iBand]);
    5090           8 :                     if (nOverviewLevel >= 0)
    5091           2 :                         poBand = poBand->GetOverview(nOverviewLevel);
    5092          16 :                     poBlock = poBand->GetLockedBlockRef(nLBlockX, nLBlockY,
    5093           8 :                                                         bJustInitialize);
    5094           8 :                     if (poBlock == nullptr)
    5095             :                     {
    5096           0 :                         eErr = CE_Failure;
    5097           0 :                         goto CleanupAndReturn;
    5098             :                     }
    5099             : 
    5100           8 :                     if (eRWFlag == GF_Write)
    5101           0 :                         poBlock->MarkDirty();
    5102             : 
    5103           8 :                     if (papoBlocks[iBand] != nullptr)
    5104           0 :                         papoBlocks[iBand]->DropLock();
    5105             : 
    5106           8 :                     papoBlocks[iBand] = poBlock;
    5107             : 
    5108           8 :                     papabySrcBlock[iBand] =
    5109           8 :                         static_cast<GByte *>(poBlock->GetDataRef());
    5110             :                     /*if( bMemZeroBuffer )
    5111             :                     {
    5112             :                         memset(papabySrcBlock[iBand], 0,
    5113             :                             static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nBandDataSize) * nBlockXSize
    5114             :                     * nBlockYSize);
    5115             :                     }*/
    5116             :                 }
    5117             :             }
    5118             : 
    5119             :             /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
    5120             :              */
    5121             :             /*      Copy over this pixel of data. */
    5122             :             /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
    5123             :              */
    5124         270 :             iSrcOffset = (static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iSrcX) -
    5125         270 :                           static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nLBlockX) * nBlockXSize +
    5126         270 :                           (static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iSrcY) -
    5127         270 :                            static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nLBlockY) * nBlockYSize) *
    5128         270 :                               nBlockXSize) *
    5129         270 :                          nBandDataSize;
    5130             : 
    5131         980 :             for (int iBand = 0; iBand < nBandCount; iBand++)
    5132             :             {
    5133         710 :                 GByte *pabySrcBlock = papabySrcBlock[iBand];
    5134         710 :                 GPtrDiff_t iBandBufOffset =
    5135         710 :                     iBufOffset + static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(iBand) *
    5136             :                                      static_cast<GPtrDiff_t>(nBandSpace);
    5137             : 
    5138         710 :                 if (eDataType == eBufType)
    5139             :                 {
    5140         710 :                     if (eRWFlag == GF_Read)
    5141         710 :                         memcpy(static_cast<GByte *>(pData) + iBandBufOffset,
    5142         710 :                                pabySrcBlock + iSrcOffset, nBandDataSize);
    5143             :                     else
    5144           0 :                         memcpy(pabySrcBlock + iSrcOffset,
    5145             :                                static_cast<const GByte *>(pData) +
    5146           0 :                                    iBandBufOffset,
    5147             :                                nBandDataSize);
    5148             :                 }
    5149             :                 else
    5150             :                 {
    5151             :                     /* type to type conversion ... ouch, this is expensive way
    5152             :                        of handling single words */
    5153             : 
    5154           0 :                     if (eRWFlag == GF_Read)
    5155           0 :                         GDALCopyWords64(pabySrcBlock + iSrcOffset, eDataType, 0,
    5156             :                                         static_cast<GByte *>(pData) +
    5157           0 :                                             iBandBufOffset,
    5158             :                                         eBufType, 0, 1);
    5159             :                     else
    5160           0 :                         GDALCopyWords64(static_cast<const GByte *>(pData) +
    5161           0 :                                             iBandBufOffset,
    5162           0 :                                         eBufType, 0, pabySrcBlock + iSrcOffset,
    5163             :                                         eDataType, 0, 1);
    5164             :                 }
    5165             :             }
    5166             : 
    5167         270 :             iBufOffset += static_cast<int>(nPixelSpace);
    5168             :         }
    5169             :     }
    5170             : 
    5171             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5172             :     /*      CleanupAndReturn.                                               */
    5173             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5174           4 : CleanupAndReturn:
    5175           4 :     CPLFree(papabySrcBlock);
    5176           4 :     if (papoBlocks != nullptr)
    5177             :     {
    5178          12 :         for (int iBand = 0; iBand < nBandCount; iBand++)
    5179             :         {
    5180           8 :             if (papoBlocks[iBand] != nullptr)
    5181           8 :                 papoBlocks[iBand]->DropLock();
    5182             :         }
    5183           4 :         CPLFree(papoBlocks);
    5184             :     }
    5185             : 
    5186           4 :     return eErr;
    5187             : }
    5188             : 
    5189             : //! @endcond
    5190             : 
    5191             : /************************************************************************/
    5192             : /*                  GDALCopyWholeRasterGetSwathSize()                   */
    5193             : /************************************************************************/
    5194             : 
    5195        3377 : static void GDALCopyWholeRasterGetSwathSize(GDALRasterBand *poSrcPrototypeBand,
    5196             :                                             GDALRasterBand *poDstPrototypeBand,
    5197             :                                             int nBandCount,
    5198             :                                             int bDstIsCompressed,
    5199             :                                             int bInterleave, int *pnSwathCols,
    5200             :                                             int *pnSwathLines)
    5201             : {
    5202        3377 :     GDALDataType eDT = poDstPrototypeBand->GetRasterDataType();
    5203        3377 :     int nSrcBlockXSize = 0;
    5204        3377 :     int nSrcBlockYSize = 0;
    5205        3377 :     int nBlockXSize = 0;
    5206        3377 :     int nBlockYSize = 0;
    5207             : 
    5208        3377 :     int nXSize = poSrcPrototypeBand->GetXSize();
    5209        3377 :     int nYSize = poSrcPrototypeBand->GetYSize();
    5210             : 
    5211        3377 :     poSrcPrototypeBand->GetBlockSize(&nSrcBlockXSize, &nSrcBlockYSize);
    5212        3377 :     poDstPrototypeBand->GetBlockSize(&nBlockXSize, &nBlockYSize);
    5213             : 
    5214        3377 :     const int nMaxBlockXSize = std::max(nBlockXSize, nSrcBlockXSize);
    5215        3377 :     const int nMaxBlockYSize = std::max(nBlockYSize, nSrcBlockYSize);
    5216             : 
    5217        3377 :     int nPixelSize = GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eDT);
    5218        3377 :     if (bInterleave)
    5219         583 :         nPixelSize *= nBandCount;
    5220             : 
    5221             :     // aim for one row of blocks.  Do not settle for less.
    5222        3377 :     int nSwathCols = nXSize;
    5223        3377 :     int nSwathLines = nMaxBlockYSize;
    5224             : 
    5225             :     const char *pszSrcCompression =
    5226        3377 :         poSrcPrototypeBand->GetMetadataItem("COMPRESSION", "IMAGE_STRUCTURE");
    5227        3377 :     if (pszSrcCompression == nullptr)
    5228             :     {
    5229        3357 :         auto poSrcDS = poSrcPrototypeBand->GetDataset();
    5230        3357 :         if (poSrcDS)
    5231             :             pszSrcCompression =
    5232        3351 :                 poSrcDS->GetMetadataItem("COMPRESSION", "IMAGE_STRUCTURE");
    5233             :     }
    5234             : 
    5235             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5236             :     /*      What will our swath size be?                                    */
    5237             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5238             :     // When writing interleaved data in a compressed format, we want to be sure
    5239             :     // that each block will only be written once, so the swath size must not be
    5240             :     // greater than the block cache.
    5241        3377 :     const char *pszSwathSize = CPLGetConfigOption("GDAL_SWATH_SIZE", nullptr);
    5242             :     int nTargetSwathSize;
    5243        3377 :     if (pszSwathSize != nullptr)
    5244           0 :         nTargetSwathSize = static_cast<int>(
    5245           0 :             std::min(GIntBig(INT_MAX), CPLAtoGIntBig(pszSwathSize)));
    5246             :     else
    5247             :     {
    5248             :         // As a default, take one 1/4 of the cache size.
    5249        3377 :         nTargetSwathSize = static_cast<int>(
    5250        3377 :             std::min(GIntBig(INT_MAX), GDALGetCacheMax64() / 4));
    5251             : 
    5252             :         // but if the minimum idal swath buf size is less, then go for it to
    5253             :         // avoid unnecessarily abusing RAM usage.
    5254             :         // but try to use 10 MB at least.
    5255        3377 :         GIntBig nIdealSwathBufSize =
    5256        3377 :             static_cast<GIntBig>(nSwathCols) * nSwathLines * nPixelSize;
    5257        3377 :         int nMinTargetSwathSize = 10 * 1000 * 1000;
    5258             : 
    5259        3377 :         if ((poSrcPrototypeBand->GetSuggestedBlockAccessPattern() &
    5260        3377 :              GSBAP_LARGEST_CHUNK_POSSIBLE) != 0)
    5261             :         {
    5262           1 :             nMinTargetSwathSize = nTargetSwathSize;
    5263             :         }
    5264             : 
    5265        3377 :         if (nIdealSwathBufSize < nTargetSwathSize &&
    5266        3367 :             nIdealSwathBufSize < nMinTargetSwathSize)
    5267             :         {
    5268        3364 :             nIdealSwathBufSize = nMinTargetSwathSize;
    5269             :         }
    5270             : 
    5271        3377 :         if (pszSrcCompression != nullptr &&
    5272         181 :             EQUAL(pszSrcCompression, "JPEG2000") &&
    5273           0 :             (!bDstIsCompressed || ((nSrcBlockXSize % nBlockXSize) == 0 &&
    5274           0 :                                    (nSrcBlockYSize % nBlockYSize) == 0)))
    5275             :         {
    5276           2 :             nIdealSwathBufSize =
    5277           4 :                 std::max(nIdealSwathBufSize, static_cast<GIntBig>(nSwathCols) *
    5278           2 :                                                  nSrcBlockYSize * nPixelSize);
    5279             :         }
    5280        3377 :         if (nTargetSwathSize > nIdealSwathBufSize)
    5281        3364 :             nTargetSwathSize = static_cast<int>(
    5282        3364 :                 std::min(GIntBig(INT_MAX), nIdealSwathBufSize));
    5283             :     }
    5284             : 
    5285        3377 :     if (nTargetSwathSize < 1000000)
    5286           8 :         nTargetSwathSize = 1000000;
    5287             : 
    5288             :     /* But let's check that  */
    5289        3598 :     if (bDstIsCompressed && bInterleave &&
    5290         221 :         nTargetSwathSize > GDALGetCacheMax64())
    5291             :     {
    5292           0 :         CPLError(CE_Warning, CPLE_AppDefined,
    5293             :                  "When translating into a compressed interleave format, "
    5294             :                  "the block cache size (" CPL_FRMT_GIB ") "
    5295             :                  "should be at least the size of the swath (%d) "
    5296             :                  "(GDAL_SWATH_SIZE config. option)",
    5297             :                  GDALGetCacheMax64(), nTargetSwathSize);
    5298             :     }
    5299             : 
    5300             : #define IS_DIVIDER_OF(x, y) ((y) % (x) == 0)
    5301             : #define ROUND_TO(x, y) (((x) / (y)) * (y))
    5302             : 
    5303             :     // if both input and output datasets are tiled, that the tile dimensions
    5304             :     // are "compatible", try to stick  to a swath dimension that is a multiple
    5305             :     // of input and output block dimensions.
    5306        3377 :     if (nBlockXSize != nXSize && nSrcBlockXSize != nXSize &&
    5307          47 :         IS_DIVIDER_OF(nBlockXSize, nMaxBlockXSize) &&
    5308          47 :         IS_DIVIDER_OF(nSrcBlockXSize, nMaxBlockXSize) &&
    5309          47 :         IS_DIVIDER_OF(nBlockYSize, nMaxBlockYSize) &&
    5310          47 :         IS_DIVIDER_OF(nSrcBlockYSize, nMaxBlockYSize))
    5311             :     {
    5312          47 :         if (static_cast<GIntBig>(nMaxBlockXSize) * nMaxBlockYSize *
    5313          47 :                 nPixelSize <=
    5314          47 :             static_cast<GIntBig>(nTargetSwathSize))
    5315             :         {
    5316          47 :             nSwathCols = nTargetSwathSize / (nMaxBlockYSize * nPixelSize);
    5317          47 :             nSwathCols = ROUND_TO(nSwathCols, nMaxBlockXSize);
    5318          47 :             if (nSwathCols == 0)
    5319           0 :                 nSwathCols = nMaxBlockXSize;
    5320          47 :             if (nSwathCols > nXSize)
    5321          45 :                 nSwathCols = nXSize;
    5322          47 :             nSwathLines = nMaxBlockYSize;
    5323             : 
    5324          47 :             if (static_cast<GIntBig>(nSwathCols) * nSwathLines * nPixelSize >
    5325          47 :                 static_cast<GIntBig>(nTargetSwathSize))
    5326             :             {
    5327           0 :                 nSwathCols = nXSize;
    5328           0 :                 nSwathLines = nBlockYSize;
    5329             :             }
    5330             :         }
    5331             :     }
    5332             : 
    5333        3377 :     const GIntBig nMemoryPerCol = static_cast<GIntBig>(nSwathCols) * nPixelSize;
    5334        3377 :     const GIntBig nSwathBufSize = nMemoryPerCol * nSwathLines;
    5335        3377 :     if (nSwathBufSize > static_cast<GIntBig>(nTargetSwathSize))
    5336             :     {
    5337           1 :         nSwathLines = static_cast<int>(nTargetSwathSize / nMemoryPerCol);
    5338           1 :         if (nSwathLines == 0)
    5339           1 :             nSwathLines = 1;
    5340             : 
    5341           1 :         CPLDebug(
    5342             :             "GDAL",
    5343             :             "GDALCopyWholeRasterGetSwathSize(): adjusting to %d line swath "
    5344             :             "since requirement (" CPL_FRMT_GIB " bytes) exceed target swath "
    5345             :             "size (%d bytes) (GDAL_SWATH_SIZE config. option)",
    5346           1 :             nSwathLines, nBlockYSize * nMemoryPerCol, nTargetSwathSize);
    5347             :     }
    5348             :     // If we are processing single scans, try to handle several at once.
    5349             :     // If we are handling swaths already, only grow the swath if a row
    5350             :     // of blocks is substantially less than our target buffer size.
    5351        3376 :     else if (nSwathLines == 1 ||
    5352        2824 :              nMemoryPerCol * nSwathLines <
    5353        2824 :                  static_cast<GIntBig>(nTargetSwathSize) / 10)
    5354             :     {
    5355        3348 :         nSwathLines = std::min(
    5356             :             nYSize,
    5357        3348 :             std::max(1, static_cast<int>(nTargetSwathSize / nMemoryPerCol)));
    5358             : 
    5359             :         /* If possible try to align to source and target block height */
    5360        3348 :         if ((nSwathLines % nMaxBlockYSize) != 0 &&
    5361         273 :             nSwathLines > nMaxBlockYSize &&
    5362         273 :             IS_DIVIDER_OF(nBlockYSize, nMaxBlockYSize) &&
    5363         244 :             IS_DIVIDER_OF(nSrcBlockYSize, nMaxBlockYSize))
    5364         217 :             nSwathLines = ROUND_TO(nSwathLines, nMaxBlockYSize);
    5365             :     }
    5366             : 
    5367        3377 :     if (pszSrcCompression != nullptr && EQUAL(pszSrcCompression, "JPEG2000") &&
    5368           0 :         (!bDstIsCompressed || (IS_DIVIDER_OF(nBlockXSize, nSrcBlockXSize) &&
    5369           0 :                                IS_DIVIDER_OF(nBlockYSize, nSrcBlockYSize))))
    5370             :     {
    5371             :         // Typical use case: converting from Pleaiades that is 2048x2048 tiled.
    5372           2 :         if (nSwathLines < nSrcBlockYSize)
    5373             :         {
    5374           0 :             nSwathLines = nSrcBlockYSize;
    5375             : 
    5376             :             // Number of pixels that can be read/write simultaneously.
    5377           0 :             nSwathCols = nTargetSwathSize / (nSrcBlockXSize * nPixelSize);
    5378           0 :             nSwathCols = ROUND_TO(nSwathCols, nSrcBlockXSize);
    5379           0 :             if (nSwathCols == 0)
    5380           0 :                 nSwathCols = nSrcBlockXSize;
    5381           0 :             if (nSwathCols > nXSize)
    5382           0 :                 nSwathCols = nXSize;
    5383             : 
    5384           0 :             CPLDebug(
    5385             :                 "GDAL",
    5386             :                 "GDALCopyWholeRasterGetSwathSize(): because of compression and "
    5387             :                 "too high block, "
    5388             :                 "use partial width at one time");
    5389             :         }
    5390           2 :         else if ((nSwathLines % nSrcBlockYSize) != 0)
    5391             :         {
    5392             :             /* Round on a multiple of nSrcBlockYSize */
    5393           0 :             nSwathLines = ROUND_TO(nSwathLines, nSrcBlockYSize);
    5394           0 :             CPLDebug(
    5395             :                 "GDAL",
    5396             :                 "GDALCopyWholeRasterGetSwathSize(): because of compression, "
    5397             :                 "round nSwathLines to block height : %d",
    5398             :                 nSwathLines);
    5399             :         }
    5400             :     }
    5401        3375 :     else if (bDstIsCompressed)
    5402             :     {
    5403         419 :         if (nSwathLines < nBlockYSize)
    5404             :         {
    5405         146 :             nSwathLines = nBlockYSize;
    5406             : 
    5407             :             // Number of pixels that can be read/write simultaneously.
    5408         146 :             nSwathCols = nTargetSwathSize / (nSwathLines * nPixelSize);
    5409         146 :             nSwathCols = ROUND_TO(nSwathCols, nBlockXSize);
    5410         146 :             if (nSwathCols == 0)
    5411           0 :                 nSwathCols = nBlockXSize;
    5412         146 :             if (nSwathCols > nXSize)
    5413         146 :                 nSwathCols = nXSize;
    5414             : 
    5415         146 :             CPLDebug(
    5416             :                 "GDAL",
    5417             :                 "GDALCopyWholeRasterGetSwathSize(): because of compression and "
    5418             :                 "too high block, "
    5419             :                 "use partial width at one time");
    5420             :         }
    5421         273 :         else if ((nSwathLines % nBlockYSize) != 0)
    5422             :         {
    5423             :             // Round on a multiple of nBlockYSize.
    5424           9 :             nSwathLines = ROUND_TO(nSwathLines, nBlockYSize);
    5425           9 :             CPLDebug(
    5426             :                 "GDAL",
    5427             :                 "GDALCopyWholeRasterGetSwathSize(): because of compression, "
    5428             :                 "round nSwathLines to block height : %d",
    5429             :                 nSwathLines);
    5430             :         }
    5431             :     }
    5432             : 
    5433        3377 :     *pnSwathCols = nSwathCols;
    5434        3377 :     *pnSwathLines = nSwathLines;
    5435        3377 : }
    5436             : 
    5437             : /************************************************************************/
    5438             : /*                     GDALDatasetCopyWholeRaster()                     */
    5439             : /************************************************************************/
    5440             : 
    5441             : /**
    5442             :  * \brief Copy all dataset raster data.
    5443             :  *
    5444             :  * This function copies the complete raster contents of one dataset to
    5445             :  * another similarly configured dataset.  The source and destination
    5446             :  * dataset must have the same number of bands, and the same width
    5447             :  * and height.  The bands do not have to have the same data type.
    5448             :  *
    5449             :  * This function is primarily intended to support implementation of
    5450             :  * driver specific CreateCopy() functions.  It implements efficient copying,
    5451             :  * in particular "chunking" the copy in substantial blocks and, if appropriate,
    5452             :  * performing the transfer in a pixel interleaved fashion.
    5453             :  *
    5454             :  * Currently the only papszOptions value supported are :
    5455             :  * <ul>
    5456             :  * <li>"INTERLEAVE=PIXEL/BAND" to force pixel (resp. band) interleaved read and
    5457             :  * write access pattern (this does not modify the layout of the destination
    5458             :  * data)</li>
    5459             :  * <li>"COMPRESSED=YES" to force alignment on target dataset block
    5460             :  * sizes to achieve best compression.</li>
    5461             :  * <li>"SKIP_HOLES=YES" to skip chunks
    5462             :  * for which GDALGetDataCoverageStatus() returns GDAL_DATA_COVERAGE_STATUS_EMPTY
    5463             :  * (GDAL &gt;= 2.2)</li>
    5464             :  * </ul>
    5465             :  * More options may be supported in the future.
    5466             :  *
    5467             :  * @param hSrcDS the source dataset
    5468             :  * @param hDstDS the destination dataset
    5469             :  * @param papszOptions transfer hints in "StringList" Name=Value format.
    5470             :  * @param pfnProgress progress reporting function.
    5471             :  * @param pProgressData callback data for progress function.
    5472             :  *
    5473             :  * @return CE_None on success, or CE_Failure on failure.
    5474             :  */
    5475             : 
    5476        3349 : CPLErr CPL_STDCALL GDALDatasetCopyWholeRaster(GDALDatasetH hSrcDS,
    5477             :                                               GDALDatasetH hDstDS,
    5478             :                                               CSLConstList papszOptions,
    5479             :                                               GDALProgressFunc pfnProgress,
    5480             :                                               void *pProgressData)
    5481             : 
    5482             : {
    5483        3349 :     VALIDATE_POINTER1(hSrcDS, "GDALDatasetCopyWholeRaster", CE_Failure);
    5484        3349 :     VALIDATE_POINTER1(hDstDS, "GDALDatasetCopyWholeRaster", CE_Failure);
    5485             : 
    5486        3349 :     GDALDataset *poSrcDS = GDALDataset::FromHandle(hSrcDS);
    5487        3349 :     GDALDataset *poDstDS = GDALDataset::FromHandle(hDstDS);
    5488             : 
    5489        3349 :     if (pfnProgress == nullptr)
    5490           0 :         pfnProgress = GDALDummyProgress;
    5491             : 
    5492             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5493             :     /*      Confirm the datasets match in size and band counts.             */
    5494             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5495        3349 :     const int nXSize = poDstDS->GetRasterXSize();
    5496        3349 :     const int nYSize = poDstDS->GetRasterYSize();
    5497        3349 :     const int nBandCount = poDstDS->GetRasterCount();
    5498             : 
    5499        3349 :     if (poSrcDS->GetRasterXSize() != nXSize ||
    5500        6698 :         poSrcDS->GetRasterYSize() != nYSize ||
    5501        3349 :         poSrcDS->GetRasterCount() != nBandCount)
    5502             :     {
    5503           0 :         CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
    5504             :                  "Input and output dataset sizes or band counts do not\n"
    5505             :                  "match in GDALDatasetCopyWholeRaster()");
    5506           0 :         return CE_Failure;
    5507             :     }
    5508             : 
    5509             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5510             :     /*      Report preliminary (0) progress.                                */
    5511             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5512        3349 :     if (!pfnProgress(0.0, nullptr, pProgressData))
    5513             :     {
    5514           1 :         CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_UserInterrupt,
    5515             :                  "User terminated CreateCopy()");
    5516           1 :         return CE_Failure;
    5517             :     }
    5518             : 
    5519             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5520             :     /*      Get our prototype band, and assume the others are similarly     */
    5521             :     /*      configured.                                                     */
    5522             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5523        3348 :     if (nBandCount == 0)
    5524           0 :         return CE_None;
    5525             : 
    5526        3348 :     GDALRasterBand *poSrcPrototypeBand = poSrcDS->GetRasterBand(1);
    5527        3348 :     GDALRasterBand *poDstPrototypeBand = poDstDS->GetRasterBand(1);
    5528        3348 :     GDALDataType eDT = poDstPrototypeBand->GetRasterDataType();
    5529             : 
    5530             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5531             :     /*      Do we want to try and do the operation in a pixel               */
    5532             :     /*      interleaved fashion?                                            */
    5533             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5534        3348 :     bool bInterleave = false;
    5535             :     const char *pszInterleave =
    5536        3348 :         poSrcDS->GetMetadataItem("INTERLEAVE", "IMAGE_STRUCTURE");
    5537        3348 :     if (pszInterleave != nullptr &&
    5538        2943 :         (EQUAL(pszInterleave, "PIXEL") || EQUAL(pszInterleave, "LINE")))
    5539         209 :         bInterleave = true;
    5540             : 
    5541        3348 :     pszInterleave = poDstDS->GetMetadataItem("INTERLEAVE", "IMAGE_STRUCTURE");
    5542        3348 :     if (pszInterleave != nullptr &&
    5543        2882 :         (EQUAL(pszInterleave, "PIXEL") || EQUAL(pszInterleave, "LINE")))
    5544         528 :         bInterleave = true;
    5545             : 
    5546        3348 :     pszInterleave = CSLFetchNameValue(papszOptions, "INTERLEAVE");
    5547        3348 :     if (pszInterleave != nullptr && EQUAL(pszInterleave, "PIXEL"))
    5548           5 :         bInterleave = true;
    5549        3343 :     else if (pszInterleave != nullptr && EQUAL(pszInterleave, "BAND"))
    5550          13 :         bInterleave = false;
    5551             :     // attributes is specific to the TileDB driver
    5552        3330 :     else if (pszInterleave != nullptr && EQUAL(pszInterleave, "ATTRIBUTES"))
    5553           4 :         bInterleave = true;
    5554        3326 :     else if (pszInterleave != nullptr)
    5555             :     {
    5556           0 :         CPLError(CE_Warning, CPLE_NotSupported,
    5557             :                  "Unsupported value for option INTERLEAVE");
    5558             :     }
    5559             : 
    5560             :     // If the destination is compressed, we must try to write blocks just once,
    5561             :     // to save disk space (GTiff case for example), and to avoid data loss
    5562             :     // (JPEG compression for example).
    5563        3348 :     bool bDstIsCompressed = false;
    5564             :     const char *pszDstCompressed =
    5565        3348 :         CSLFetchNameValue(papszOptions, "COMPRESSED");
    5566        3348 :     if (pszDstCompressed != nullptr && CPLTestBool(pszDstCompressed))
    5567         393 :         bDstIsCompressed = true;
    5568             : 
    5569             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5570             :     /*      What will our swath size be?                                    */
    5571             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5572             : 
    5573        3348 :     int nSwathCols = 0;
    5574        3348 :     int nSwathLines = 0;
    5575        3348 :     GDALCopyWholeRasterGetSwathSize(poSrcPrototypeBand, poDstPrototypeBand,
    5576             :                                     nBandCount, bDstIsCompressed, bInterleave,
    5577             :                                     &nSwathCols, &nSwathLines);
    5578             : 
    5579        3348 :     int nPixelSize = GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eDT);
    5580        3348 :     if (bInterleave)
    5581         583 :         nPixelSize *= nBandCount;
    5582             : 
    5583        3348 :     void *pSwathBuf = VSI_MALLOC3_VERBOSE(nSwathCols, nSwathLines, nPixelSize);
    5584        3348 :     if (pSwathBuf == nullptr)
    5585             :     {
    5586           0 :         return CE_Failure;
    5587             :     }
    5588             : 
    5589        3348 :     CPLDebug("GDAL",
    5590             :              "GDALDatasetCopyWholeRaster(): %d*%d swaths, bInterleave=%d",
    5591             :              nSwathCols, nSwathLines, static_cast<int>(bInterleave));
    5592             : 
    5593             :     // Advise the source raster that we are going to read it completely
    5594             :     // Note: this might already have been done by GDALCreateCopy() in the
    5595             :     // likely case this function is indirectly called by it
    5596        3348 :     poSrcDS->AdviseRead(0, 0, nXSize, nYSize, nXSize, nYSize, eDT, nBandCount,
    5597        3348 :                         nullptr, nullptr);
    5598             : 
    5599             :     /* ==================================================================== */
    5600             :     /*      Band oriented (uninterleaved) case.                             */
    5601             :     /* ==================================================================== */
    5602        3348 :     CPLErr eErr = CE_None;
    5603             :     const bool bCheckHoles =
    5604        3348 :         CPLTestBool(CSLFetchNameValueDef(papszOptions, "SKIP_HOLES", "NO"));
    5605             : 
    5606        3348 :     if (!bInterleave)
    5607             :     {
    5608             :         GDALRasterIOExtraArg sExtraArg;
    5609        2765 :         INIT_RASTERIO_EXTRA_ARG(sExtraArg);
    5610        2765 :         CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(sExtraArg.pfnProgress);  // to make cppcheck happy
    5611             : 
    5612        8295 :         const GIntBig nTotalBlocks = static_cast<GIntBig>(nBandCount) *
    5613        2765 :                                      DIV_ROUND_UP(nYSize, nSwathLines) *
    5614        2765 :                                      DIV_ROUND_UP(nXSize, nSwathCols);
    5615        2765 :         GIntBig nBlocksDone = 0;
    5616             : 
    5617        7973 :         for (int iBand = 0; iBand < nBandCount && eErr == CE_None; iBand++)
    5618             :         {
    5619        5208 :             int nBand = iBand + 1;
    5620             : 
    5621       10679 :             for (int iY = 0; iY < nYSize && eErr == CE_None; iY += nSwathLines)
    5622             :             {
    5623        5471 :                 int nThisLines = nSwathLines;
    5624             : 
    5625        5471 :                 if (iY + nThisLines > nYSize)
    5626         368 :                     nThisLines = nYSize - iY;
    5627             : 
    5628       10942 :                 for (int iX = 0; iX < nXSize && eErr == CE_None;
    5629        5471 :                      iX += nSwathCols)
    5630             :                 {
    5631        5471 :                     int nThisCols = nSwathCols;
    5632             : 
    5633        5471 :                     if (iX + nThisCols > nXSize)
    5634           0 :                         nThisCols = nXSize - iX;
    5635             : 
    5636        5471 :                     int nStatus = GDAL_DATA_COVERAGE_STATUS_DATA;
    5637        5471 :                     if (bCheckHoles)
    5638             :                     {
    5639             :                         nStatus = poSrcDS->GetRasterBand(nBand)
    5640        3757 :                                       ->GetDataCoverageStatus(
    5641             :                                           iX, iY, nThisCols, nThisLines,
    5642             :                                           GDAL_DATA_COVERAGE_STATUS_DATA);
    5643             :                     }
    5644        5471 :                     if (nStatus & GDAL_DATA_COVERAGE_STATUS_DATA)
    5645             :                     {
    5646        5467 :                         sExtraArg.pfnProgress = GDALScaledProgress;
    5647       10934 :                         sExtraArg.pProgressData = GDALCreateScaledProgress(
    5648        5467 :                             nBlocksDone / static_cast<double>(nTotalBlocks),
    5649        5467 :                             (nBlocksDone + 0.5) /
    5650        5467 :                                 static_cast<double>(nTotalBlocks),
    5651             :                             pfnProgress, pProgressData);
    5652        5467 :                         if (sExtraArg.pProgressData == nullptr)
    5653        1684 :                             sExtraArg.pfnProgress = nullptr;
    5654             : 
    5655        5467 :                         eErr = poSrcDS->RasterIO(GF_Read, iX, iY, nThisCols,
    5656             :                                                  nThisLines, pSwathBuf,
    5657             :                                                  nThisCols, nThisLines, eDT, 1,
    5658             :                                                  &nBand, 0, 0, 0, &sExtraArg);
    5659             : 
    5660        5467 :                         GDALDestroyScaledProgress(sExtraArg.pProgressData);
    5661             : 
    5662        5467 :                         if (eErr == CE_None)
    5663        5459 :                             eErr = poDstDS->RasterIO(
    5664             :                                 GF_Write, iX, iY, nThisCols, nThisLines,
    5665             :                                 pSwathBuf, nThisCols, nThisLines, eDT, 1,
    5666             :                                 &nBand, 0, 0, 0, nullptr);
    5667             :                     }
    5668             : 
    5669        5471 :                     nBlocksDone++;
    5670       10899 :                     if (eErr == CE_None &&
    5671        5428 :                         !pfnProgress(nBlocksDone /
    5672        5428 :                                          static_cast<double>(nTotalBlocks),
    5673             :                                      nullptr, pProgressData))
    5674             :                     {
    5675           2 :                         eErr = CE_Failure;
    5676           2 :                         CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_UserInterrupt,
    5677             :                                  "User terminated CreateCopy()");
    5678             :                     }
    5679             :                 }
    5680             :             }
    5681             :         }
    5682             :     }
    5683             : 
    5684             :     /* ==================================================================== */
    5685             :     /*      Pixel interleaved case.                                         */
    5686             :     /* ==================================================================== */
    5687             :     else /* if( bInterleave ) */
    5688             :     {
    5689             :         GDALRasterIOExtraArg sExtraArg;
    5690         583 :         INIT_RASTERIO_EXTRA_ARG(sExtraArg);
    5691         583 :         CPL_IGNORE_RET_VAL(sExtraArg.pfnProgress);  // to make cppcheck happy
    5692             : 
    5693         583 :         const GIntBig nTotalBlocks =
    5694         583 :             static_cast<GIntBig>(DIV_ROUND_UP(nYSize, nSwathLines)) *
    5695         583 :             DIV_ROUND_UP(nXSize, nSwathCols);
    5696         583 :         GIntBig nBlocksDone = 0;
    5697             : 
    5698        1388 :         for (int iY = 0; iY < nYSize && eErr == CE_None; iY += nSwathLines)
    5699             :         {
    5700         805 :             int nThisLines = nSwathLines;
    5701             : 
    5702         805 :             if (iY + nThisLines > nYSize)
    5703         198 :                 nThisLines = nYSize - iY;
    5704             : 
    5705        1615 :             for (int iX = 0; iX < nXSize && eErr == CE_None; iX += nSwathCols)
    5706             :             {
    5707         810 :                 int nThisCols = nSwathCols;
    5708             : 
    5709         810 :                 if (iX + nThisCols > nXSize)
    5710           3 :                     nThisCols = nXSize - iX;
    5711             : 
    5712         810 :                 int nStatus = GDAL_DATA_COVERAGE_STATUS_DATA;
    5713         810 :                 if (bCheckHoles)
    5714             :                 {
    5715         551 :                     nStatus = 0;
    5716         604 :                     for (int iBand = 0; iBand < nBandCount; iBand++)
    5717             :                     {
    5718         585 :                         nStatus |= poSrcDS->GetRasterBand(iBand + 1)
    5719         585 :                                        ->GetDataCoverageStatus(
    5720             :                                            iX, iY, nThisCols, nThisLines,
    5721             :                                            GDAL_DATA_COVERAGE_STATUS_DATA);
    5722         585 :                         if (nStatus & GDAL_DATA_COVERAGE_STATUS_DATA)
    5723         532 :                             break;
    5724             :                     }
    5725             :                 }
    5726         810 :                 if (nStatus & GDAL_DATA_COVERAGE_STATUS_DATA)
    5727             :                 {
    5728         791 :                     sExtraArg.pfnProgress = GDALScaledProgress;
    5729        1582 :                     sExtraArg.pProgressData = GDALCreateScaledProgress(
    5730         791 :                         nBlocksDone / static_cast<double>(nTotalBlocks),
    5731         791 :                         (nBlocksDone + 0.5) / static_cast<double>(nTotalBlocks),
    5732             :                         pfnProgress, pProgressData);
    5733         791 :                     if (sExtraArg.pProgressData == nullptr)
    5734         375 :                         sExtraArg.pfnProgress = nullptr;
    5735             : 
    5736         791 :                     eErr = poSrcDS->RasterIO(GF_Read, iX, iY, nThisCols,
    5737             :                                              nThisLines, pSwathBuf, nThisCols,
    5738             :                                              nThisLines, eDT, nBandCount,
    5739             :                                              nullptr, 0, 0, 0, &sExtraArg);
    5740             : 
    5741         791 :                     GDALDestroyScaledProgress(sExtraArg.pProgressData);
    5742             : 
    5743         791 :                     if (eErr == CE_None)
    5744         790 :                         eErr = poDstDS->RasterIO(
    5745             :                             GF_Write, iX, iY, nThisCols, nThisLines, pSwathBuf,
    5746             :                             nThisCols, nThisLines, eDT, nBandCount, nullptr, 0,
    5747             :                             0, 0, nullptr);
    5748             :                 }
    5749             : 
    5750         810 :                 nBlocksDone++;
    5751        1615 :                 if (eErr == CE_None &&
    5752         805 :                     !pfnProgress(nBlocksDone /
    5753         805 :                                      static_cast<double>(nTotalBlocks),
    5754             :                                  nullptr, pProgressData))
    5755             :                 {
    5756           1 :                     eErr = CE_Failure;
    5757           1 :                     CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_UserInterrupt,
    5758             :                              "User terminated CreateCopy()");
    5759             :                 }
    5760             :             }
    5761             :         }
    5762             :     }
    5763             : 
    5764             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5765             :     /*      Cleanup                                                         */
    5766             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5767        3348 :     CPLFree(pSwathBuf);
    5768             : 
    5769        3348 :     return eErr;
    5770             : }
    5771             : 
    5772             : /************************************************************************/
    5773             : /*                   GDALRasterBandCopyWholeRaster()                    */
    5774             : /************************************************************************/
    5775             : 
    5776             : /**
    5777             :  * \brief Copy a whole raster band
    5778             :  *
    5779             :  * This function copies the complete raster contents of one band to
    5780             :  * another similarly configured band.  The source and destination
    5781             :  * bands must have the same width and height.  The bands do not have
    5782             :  * to have the same data type.
    5783             :  *
    5784             :  * It implements efficient copying, in particular "chunking" the copy in
    5785             :  * substantial blocks.
    5786             :  *
    5787             :  * Currently the only papszOptions value supported are :
    5788             :  * <ul>
    5789             :  * <li>"COMPRESSED=YES" to force alignment on target dataset block sizes to
    5790             :  * achieve best compression.</li>
    5791             :  * <li>"SKIP_HOLES=YES" to skip chunks for which GDALGetDataCoverageStatus()
    5792             :  * returns GDAL_DATA_COVERAGE_STATUS_EMPTY (GDAL &gt;= 2.2)</li>
    5793             :  * </ul>
    5794             :  *
    5795             :  * @param hSrcBand the source band
    5796             :  * @param hDstBand the destination band
    5797             :  * @param papszOptions transfer hints in "StringList" Name=Value format.
    5798             :  * @param pfnProgress progress reporting function.
    5799             :  * @param pProgressData callback data for progress function.
    5800             :  *
    5801             :  * @return CE_None on success, or CE_Failure on failure.
    5802             :  */
    5803             : 
    5804          29 : CPLErr CPL_STDCALL GDALRasterBandCopyWholeRaster(
    5805             :     GDALRasterBandH hSrcBand, GDALRasterBandH hDstBand,
    5806             :     const char *const *const papszOptions, GDALProgressFunc pfnProgress,
    5807             :     void *pProgressData)
    5808             : 
    5809             : {
    5810          29 :     VALIDATE_POINTER1(hSrcBand, "GDALRasterBandCopyWholeRaster", CE_Failure);
    5811          29 :     VALIDATE_POINTER1(hDstBand, "GDALRasterBandCopyWholeRaster", CE_Failure);
    5812             : 
    5813          29 :     GDALRasterBand *poSrcBand = GDALRasterBand::FromHandle(hSrcBand);
    5814          29 :     GDALRasterBand *poDstBand = GDALRasterBand::FromHandle(hDstBand);
    5815          29 :     CPLErr eErr = CE_None;
    5816             : 
    5817          29 :     if (pfnProgress == nullptr)
    5818           2 :         pfnProgress = GDALDummyProgress;
    5819             : 
    5820             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5821             :     /*      Confirm the datasets match in size and band counts.             */
    5822             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5823          29 :     int nXSize = poSrcBand->GetXSize();
    5824          29 :     int nYSize = poSrcBand->GetYSize();
    5825             : 
    5826          29 :     if (poDstBand->GetXSize() != nXSize || poDstBand->GetYSize() != nYSize)
    5827             :     {
    5828           0 :         CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
    5829             :                  "Input and output band sizes do not\n"
    5830             :                  "match in GDALRasterBandCopyWholeRaster()");
    5831           0 :         return CE_Failure;
    5832             :     }
    5833             : 
    5834             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5835             :     /*      Report preliminary (0) progress.                                */
    5836             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5837          29 :     if (!pfnProgress(0.0, nullptr, pProgressData))
    5838             :     {
    5839           0 :         CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_UserInterrupt,
    5840             :                  "User terminated CreateCopy()");
    5841           0 :         return CE_Failure;
    5842             :     }
    5843             : 
    5844          29 :     GDALDataType eDT = poDstBand->GetRasterDataType();
    5845             : 
    5846             :     // If the destination is compressed, we must try to write blocks just once,
    5847             :     // to save disk space (GTiff case for example), and to avoid data loss
    5848             :     // (JPEG compression for example).
    5849          29 :     bool bDstIsCompressed = false;
    5850             :     const char *pszDstCompressed =
    5851          29 :         CSLFetchNameValue(const_cast<char **>(papszOptions), "COMPRESSED");
    5852          29 :     if (pszDstCompressed != nullptr && CPLTestBool(pszDstCompressed))
    5853          26 :         bDstIsCompressed = true;
    5854             : 
    5855             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5856             :     /*      What will our swath size be?                                    */
    5857             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5858             : 
    5859          29 :     int nSwathCols = 0;
    5860          29 :     int nSwathLines = 0;
    5861          29 :     GDALCopyWholeRasterGetSwathSize(poSrcBand, poDstBand, 1, bDstIsCompressed,
    5862             :                                     FALSE, &nSwathCols, &nSwathLines);
    5863             : 
    5864          29 :     const int nPixelSize = GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eDT);
    5865             : 
    5866          29 :     void *pSwathBuf = VSI_MALLOC3_VERBOSE(nSwathCols, nSwathLines, nPixelSize);
    5867          29 :     if (pSwathBuf == nullptr)
    5868             :     {
    5869           0 :         return CE_Failure;
    5870             :     }
    5871             : 
    5872          29 :     CPLDebug("GDAL", "GDALRasterBandCopyWholeRaster(): %d*%d swaths",
    5873             :              nSwathCols, nSwathLines);
    5874             : 
    5875             :     const bool bCheckHoles =
    5876          29 :         CPLTestBool(CSLFetchNameValueDef(papszOptions, "SKIP_HOLES", "NO"));
    5877             : 
    5878             :     // Advise the source raster that we are going to read it completely
    5879          29 :     poSrcBand->AdviseRead(0, 0, nXSize, nYSize, nXSize, nYSize, eDT, nullptr);
    5880             : 
    5881             :     /* ==================================================================== */
    5882             :     /*      Band oriented (uninterleaved) case.                             */
    5883             :     /* ==================================================================== */
    5884             : 
    5885          72 :     for (int iY = 0; iY < nYSize && eErr == CE_None; iY += nSwathLines)
    5886             :     {
    5887          43 :         int nThisLines = nSwathLines;
    5888             : 
    5889          43 :         if (iY + nThisLines > nYSize)
    5890           8 :             nThisLines = nYSize - iY;
    5891             : 
    5892          86 :         for (int iX = 0; iX < nXSize && eErr == CE_None; iX += nSwathCols)
    5893             :         {
    5894          43 :             int nThisCols = nSwathCols;
    5895             : 
    5896          43 :             if (iX + nThisCols > nXSize)
    5897           0 :                 nThisCols = nXSize - iX;
    5898             : 
    5899          43 :             int nStatus = GDAL_DATA_COVERAGE_STATUS_DATA;
    5900          43 :             if (bCheckHoles)
    5901             :             {
    5902           0 :                 nStatus = poSrcBand->GetDataCoverageStatus(
    5903             :                     iX, iY, nThisCols, nThisLines,
    5904             :                     GDAL_DATA_COVERAGE_STATUS_DATA);
    5905             :             }
    5906          43 :             if (nStatus & GDAL_DATA_COVERAGE_STATUS_DATA)
    5907             :             {
    5908          43 :                 eErr = poSrcBand->RasterIO(GF_Read, iX, iY, nThisCols,
    5909             :                                            nThisLines, pSwathBuf, nThisCols,
    5910             :                                            nThisLines, eDT, 0, 0, nullptr);
    5911             : 
    5912          43 :                 if (eErr == CE_None)
    5913          43 :                     eErr = poDstBand->RasterIO(GF_Write, iX, iY, nThisCols,
    5914             :                                                nThisLines, pSwathBuf, nThisCols,
    5915             :                                                nThisLines, eDT, 0, 0, nullptr);
    5916             :             }
    5917             : 
    5918          86 :             if (eErr == CE_None && !pfnProgress(double(iY + nThisLines) /
    5919          43 :                                                     static_cast<double>(nYSize),
    5920             :                                                 nullptr, pProgressData))
    5921             :             {
    5922           0 :                 eErr = CE_Failure;
    5923           0 :                 CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_UserInterrupt,
    5924             :                          "User terminated CreateCopy()");
    5925             :             }
    5926             :         }
    5927             :     }
    5928             : 
    5929             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5930             :     /*      Cleanup                                                         */
    5931             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    5932          29 :     CPLFree(pSwathBuf);
    5933             : 
    5934          29 :     return eErr;
    5935             : }
    5936             : 
    5937             : /************************************************************************/
    5938             : /*                     GDALCopyRasterIOExtraArg ()                      */
    5939             : /************************************************************************/
    5940             : 
    5941      535023 : void GDALCopyRasterIOExtraArg(GDALRasterIOExtraArg *psDestArg,
    5942             :                               const GDALRasterIOExtraArg *psSrcArg)
    5943             : {
    5944      535023 :     INIT_RASTERIO_EXTRA_ARG(*psDestArg);
    5945      535023 :     if (psSrcArg)
    5946             :     {
    5947      535023 :         psDestArg->eResampleAlg = psSrcArg->eResampleAlg;
    5948      535023 :         psDestArg->pfnProgress = psSrcArg->pfnProgress;
    5949      535023 :         psDestArg->pProgressData = psSrcArg->pProgressData;
    5950      535023 :         psDestArg->bFloatingPointWindowValidity =
    5951      535023 :             psSrcArg->bFloatingPointWindowValidity;
    5952      535023 :         if (psSrcArg->bFloatingPointWindowValidity)
    5953             :         {
    5954      212051 :             psDestArg->dfXOff = psSrcArg->dfXOff;
    5955      212051 :             psDestArg->dfYOff = psSrcArg->dfYOff;
    5956      212051 :             psDestArg->dfXSize = psSrcArg->dfXSize;
    5957      212051 :             psDestArg->dfYSize = psSrcArg->dfYSize;
    5958             :         }
    5959      535023 :         if (psSrcArg->nVersion >= 2)
    5960             :         {
    5961      535023 :             psDestArg->bUseOnlyThisScale = psSrcArg->bUseOnlyThisScale;
    5962             :         }
    5963      535023 :         if (psSrcArg->nVersion >= 3)
    5964             :         {
    5965      535023 :             psDestArg->bOperateInBufType = psSrcArg->bOperateInBufType;
    5966             :         }
    5967             :     }
    5968      535023 : }
    5969             : 
    5970             : /************************************************************************/
    5971             : /*                           HasOnlyNoData()                            */
    5972             : /************************************************************************/
    5973             : 
    5974    51285976 : template <class T> static inline bool IsEqualToNoData(T value, T noDataValue)
    5975             : {
    5976    51285976 :     return value == noDataValue;
    5977             : }
    5978             : 
    5979        5509 : template <> bool IsEqualToNoData<GFloat16>(GFloat16 value, GFloat16 noDataValue)
    5980             : {
    5981             :     using std::isnan;
    5982        5509 :     return isnan(noDataValue) ? isnan(value) : value == noDataValue;
    5983             : }
    5984             : 
    5985      251221 : template <> bool IsEqualToNoData<float>(float value, float noDataValue)
    5986             : {
    5987      251221 :     return std::isnan(noDataValue) ? std::isnan(value) : value == noDataValue;
    5988             : }
    5989             : 
    5990      264257 : template <> bool IsEqualToNoData<double>(double value, double noDataValue)
    5991             : {
    5992      264257 :     return std::isnan(noDataValue) ? std::isnan(value) : value == noDataValue;
    5993             : }
    5994             : 
    5995             : template <class T>
    5996       12024 : static bool HasOnlyNoDataT(const T *pBuffer, T noDataValue, size_t nWidth,
    5997             :                            size_t nHeight, size_t nLineStride,
    5998             :                            size_t nComponents)
    5999             : {
    6000             :     // Fast test: check the 4 corners and the middle pixel.
    6001       23297 :     for (size_t iBand = 0; iBand < nComponents; iBand++)
    6002             :     {
    6003       24095 :         if (!(IsEqualToNoData(pBuffer[iBand], noDataValue) &&
    6004       11880 :               IsEqualToNoData(pBuffer[(nWidth - 1) * nComponents + iBand],
    6005       11750 :                               noDataValue) &&
    6006       11750 :               IsEqualToNoData(
    6007       11750 :                   pBuffer[((nHeight - 1) / 2 * nLineStride + (nWidth - 1) / 2) *
    6008       11750 :                               nComponents +
    6009             :                           iBand],
    6010       11276 :                   noDataValue) &&
    6011       11276 :               IsEqualToNoData(
    6012       11276 :                   pBuffer[(nHeight - 1) * nLineStride * nComponents + iBand],
    6013             :                   noDataValue) &&
    6014       11276 :               IsEqualToNoData(
    6015       11276 :                   pBuffer[((nHeight - 1) * nLineStride + nWidth - 1) *
    6016       11276 :                               nComponents +
    6017             :                           iBand],
    6018             :                   noDataValue)))
    6019             :         {
    6020         942 :             return false;
    6021             :         }
    6022             :     }
    6023             : 
    6024             :     // Test all pixels.
    6025       52954 :     for (size_t iY = 0; iY < nHeight; iY++)
    6026             :     {
    6027       41993 :         const T *pBufferLine = pBuffer + iY * nLineStride * nComponents;
    6028    51790448 :         for (size_t iX = 0; iX < nWidth * nComponents; iX++)
    6029             :         {
    6030    51748615 :             if (!IsEqualToNoData(pBufferLine[iX], noDataValue))
    6031             :             {
    6032         121 :                 return false;
    6033             :             }
    6034             :         }
    6035             :     }
    6036       10961 :     return true;
    6037             : }
    6038             : 
    6039             : /************************************************************************/
    6040             : /*                      GDALBufferHasOnlyNoData()                       */
    6041             : /************************************************************************/
    6042             : 
    6043       43911 : bool GDALBufferHasOnlyNoData(const void *pBuffer, double dfNoDataValue,
    6044             :                              size_t nWidth, size_t nHeight, size_t nLineStride,
    6045             :                              size_t nComponents, int nBitsPerSample,
    6046             :                              GDALBufferSampleFormat nSampleFormat)
    6047             : {
    6048             :     // In the case where the nodata is 0, we can compare several bytes at
    6049             :     // once. Select the largest natural integer type for the architecture.
    6050       43911 :     if (dfNoDataValue == 0.0 && nWidth == nLineStride &&
    6051             :         // Do not use this optimized code path for floating point numbers,
    6052             :         // as it can't detect negative zero.
    6053             :         nSampleFormat != GSF_FLOATING_POINT)
    6054             :     {
    6055       27265 :         const GByte *pabyBuffer = static_cast<const GByte *>(pBuffer);
    6056       27265 :         const size_t nSize =
    6057       27265 :             static_cast<size_t>((static_cast<uint64_t>(nWidth) * nHeight *
    6058       27265 :                                      nComponents * nBitsPerSample +
    6059             :                                  7) /
    6060             :                                 8);
    6061             : #ifdef HAVE_SSE2
    6062       27265 :         size_t n = nSize;
    6063             :         // Align to 16 bytes
    6064       27328 :         while ((reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(pabyBuffer) & 15) != 0 && n > 0)
    6065             :         {
    6066          73 :             --n;
    6067          73 :             if (*pabyBuffer)
    6068          10 :                 return false;
    6069          63 :             pabyBuffer++;
    6070             :         }
    6071             : 
    6072       27255 :         const auto zero = _mm_setzero_si128();
    6073       27255 :         constexpr int UNROLLING = 4;
    6074     2223230 :         while (n >= UNROLLING * sizeof(zero))
    6075             :         {
    6076     2207980 :             const auto v0 = _mm_load_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(
    6077             :                 pabyBuffer + 0 * sizeof(zero)));
    6078     2207980 :             const auto v1 = _mm_load_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(
    6079     2207980 :                 pabyBuffer + 1 * sizeof(zero)));
    6080     2207980 :             const auto v2 = _mm_load_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(
    6081     2207980 :                 pabyBuffer + 2 * sizeof(zero)));
    6082     2207980 :             const auto v3 = _mm_load_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(
    6083     2207980 :                 pabyBuffer + 3 * sizeof(zero)));
    6084             :             const auto v =
    6085     6623930 :                 _mm_or_si128(_mm_or_si128(v0, v1), _mm_or_si128(v2, v3));
    6086             : #if defined(__SSE4_1__) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
    6087             :             if (!_mm_test_all_zeros(v, v))
    6088             : #else
    6089     4415960 :             if (_mm_movemask_epi8(_mm_cmpeq_epi8(v, zero)) != 0xFFFF)
    6090             : #endif
    6091             :             {
    6092       12001 :                 return false;
    6093             :             }
    6094     2195980 :             pabyBuffer += UNROLLING * sizeof(zero);
    6095     2195980 :             n -= UNROLLING * sizeof(zero);
    6096             :         }
    6097             : 
    6098      233639 :         while (n > 0)
    6099             :         {
    6100      218489 :             --n;
    6101      218489 :             if (*pabyBuffer)
    6102         104 :                 return false;
    6103      218385 :             pabyBuffer++;
    6104             :         }
    6105             : #else
    6106             : #if SIZEOF_VOIDP >= 8 || defined(__x86_64__)
    6107             :         // We test __x86_64__ for x32 arch where SIZEOF_VOIDP == 4
    6108             :         typedef std::uint64_t WordType;
    6109             : #else
    6110             :         typedef std::uint32_t WordType;
    6111             : #endif
    6112             : 
    6113             :         const size_t nInitialIters =
    6114             :             std::min(sizeof(WordType) -
    6115             :                          static_cast<size_t>(
    6116             :                              reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(pabyBuffer) %
    6117             :                              sizeof(WordType)),
    6118             :                      nSize);
    6119             :         size_t i = 0;
    6120             :         for (; i < nInitialIters; i++)
    6121             :         {
    6122             :             if (pabyBuffer[i])
    6123             :                 return false;
    6124             :         }
    6125             :         for (; i + sizeof(WordType) - 1 < nSize; i += sizeof(WordType))
    6126             :         {
    6127             :             if (*(reinterpret_cast<const WordType *>(pabyBuffer + i)))
    6128             :                 return false;
    6129             :         }
    6130             :         for (; i < nSize; i++)
    6131             :         {
    6132             :             if (pabyBuffer[i])
    6133             :                 return false;
    6134             :         }
    6135             : #endif
    6136       15150 :         return true;
    6137             :     }
    6138             : 
    6139             : #ifdef HAVE_SSE2
    6140       16646 :     else if (dfNoDataValue == 0.0 && nWidth == nLineStride &&
    6141         710 :              nBitsPerSample == 32 && nSampleFormat == GSF_FLOATING_POINT)
    6142             :     {
    6143         710 :         const auto signMask = _mm_set1_epi32(0x7FFFFFFF);
    6144         710 :         const auto zero = _mm_setzero_si128();
    6145         710 :         const GByte *pabyBuffer = static_cast<const GByte *>(pBuffer);
    6146         710 :         const size_t n = nWidth * nHeight * nComponents;
    6147             : 
    6148         710 :         size_t i = 0;
    6149         710 :         constexpr int UNROLLING = 4;
    6150         710 :         constexpr size_t VALUES_PER_ITER =
    6151             :             UNROLLING * sizeof(zero) / sizeof(float);
    6152       24985 :         for (; i + VALUES_PER_ITER <= n; i += VALUES_PER_ITER)
    6153             :         {
    6154       24936 :             const auto v0 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(
    6155             :                 pabyBuffer + 0 * sizeof(zero)));
    6156       24936 :             const auto v1 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(
    6157       24936 :                 pabyBuffer + 1 * sizeof(zero)));
    6158       24936 :             const auto v2 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(
    6159       24936 :                 pabyBuffer + 2 * sizeof(zero)));
    6160       24936 :             const auto v3 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(
    6161       24936 :                 pabyBuffer + 3 * sizeof(zero)));
    6162       74808 :             auto v = _mm_or_si128(_mm_or_si128(v0, v1), _mm_or_si128(v2, v3));
    6163             :             // Clear the sign bit (makes -0.0 become +0.0)
    6164       24936 :             v = _mm_and_si128(v, signMask);
    6165             : #if defined(__SSE4_1__) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
    6166             :             if (!_mm_test_all_zeros(v, v))
    6167             : #else
    6168       49872 :             if (_mm_movemask_epi8(_mm_cmpeq_epi8(v, zero)) != 0xFFFF)
    6169             : #endif
    6170             :             {
    6171         661 :                 return false;
    6172             :             }
    6173       24275 :             pabyBuffer += UNROLLING * sizeof(zero);
    6174             :         }
    6175             : 
    6176         304 :         for (; i < n; i++)
    6177             :         {
    6178             :             uint32_t bits;
    6179         272 :             memcpy(&bits, pabyBuffer, sizeof(bits));
    6180         272 :             pabyBuffer += sizeof(bits);
    6181         272 :             if ((bits & 0x7FFFFFFF) != 0)
    6182          17 :                 return false;
    6183             :         }
    6184             : 
    6185          32 :         return true;
    6186             :     }
    6187             : 
    6188       15936 :     else if (dfNoDataValue == 0.0 && nWidth == nLineStride &&
    6189        3905 :              nBitsPerSample == 64 && nSampleFormat == GSF_FLOATING_POINT)
    6190             :     {
    6191        3905 :         const auto signMask = _mm_set1_epi64x(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFLL);
    6192        3905 :         const auto zero = _mm_setzero_si128();
    6193        3905 :         const GByte *pabyBuffer = static_cast<const GByte *>(pBuffer);
    6194        3905 :         const size_t n = nWidth * nHeight * nComponents;
    6195             : 
    6196        3905 :         size_t i = 0;
    6197        3905 :         constexpr int UNROLLING = 4;
    6198        3905 :         constexpr size_t VALUES_PER_ITER =
    6199             :             UNROLLING * sizeof(zero) / sizeof(double);
    6200     1664570 :         for (; i + VALUES_PER_ITER <= n; i += VALUES_PER_ITER)
    6201             :         {
    6202     1660950 :             const auto v0 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(
    6203             :                 pabyBuffer + 0 * sizeof(zero)));
    6204     1660950 :             const auto v1 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(
    6205     1660950 :                 pabyBuffer + 1 * sizeof(zero)));
    6206     1660950 :             const auto v2 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(
    6207     1660950 :                 pabyBuffer + 2 * sizeof(zero)));
    6208     1660950 :             const auto v3 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(
    6209     1660950 :                 pabyBuffer + 3 * sizeof(zero)));
    6210     4982850 :             auto v = _mm_or_si128(_mm_or_si128(v0, v1), _mm_or_si128(v2, v3));
    6211             :             // Clear the sign bit (makes -0.0 become +0.0)
    6212     1660950 :             v = _mm_and_si128(v, signMask);
    6213             : #if defined(__SSE4_1__) || defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
    6214             :             if (!_mm_test_all_zeros(v, v))
    6215             : #else
    6216     3321900 :             if (_mm_movemask_epi8(_mm_cmpeq_epi8(v, zero)) != 0xFFFF)
    6217             : #endif
    6218             :             {
    6219         289 :                 return false;
    6220             :             }
    6221     1660660 :             pabyBuffer += UNROLLING * sizeof(zero);
    6222             :         }
    6223             : 
    6224        3643 :         for (; i < n; i++)
    6225             :         {
    6226             :             uint64_t bits;
    6227          34 :             memcpy(&bits, pabyBuffer, sizeof(bits));
    6228          34 :             pabyBuffer += sizeof(bits);
    6229          34 :             if ((bits & 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL) != 0)
    6230           7 :                 return false;
    6231             :         }
    6232             : 
    6233        3609 :         return true;
    6234             :     }
    6235             : #endif
    6236             : 
    6237       12031 :     if (nBitsPerSample == 8 && nSampleFormat == GSF_UNSIGNED_INT)
    6238             :     {
    6239       22424 :         return GDALIsValueInRange<uint8_t>(dfNoDataValue) &&
    6240       11212 :                HasOnlyNoDataT(static_cast<const uint8_t *>(pBuffer),
    6241       11212 :                               static_cast<uint8_t>(dfNoDataValue), nWidth,
    6242       11212 :                               nHeight, nLineStride, nComponents);
    6243             :     }
    6244         819 :     if (nBitsPerSample == 8 && nSampleFormat == GSF_SIGNED_INT)
    6245             :     {
    6246             :         // Use unsigned implementation by converting the nodatavalue to
    6247             :         // unsigned
    6248         119 :         return GDALIsValueInRange<int8_t>(dfNoDataValue) &&
    6249          59 :                HasOnlyNoDataT(
    6250             :                    static_cast<const uint8_t *>(pBuffer),
    6251          59 :                    static_cast<uint8_t>(static_cast<int8_t>(dfNoDataValue)),
    6252          60 :                    nWidth, nHeight, nLineStride, nComponents);
    6253             :     }
    6254         759 :     if (nBitsPerSample == 16 && nSampleFormat == GSF_UNSIGNED_INT)
    6255             :     {
    6256          23 :         return GDALIsValueInRange<uint16_t>(dfNoDataValue) &&
    6257          11 :                HasOnlyNoDataT(static_cast<const uint16_t *>(pBuffer),
    6258          11 :                               static_cast<uint16_t>(dfNoDataValue), nWidth,
    6259          12 :                               nHeight, nLineStride, nComponents);
    6260             :     }
    6261         747 :     if (nBitsPerSample == 16 && nSampleFormat == GSF_SIGNED_INT)
    6262             :     {
    6263             :         // Use unsigned implementation by converting the nodatavalue to
    6264             :         // unsigned
    6265         111 :         return GDALIsValueInRange<int16_t>(dfNoDataValue) &&
    6266          55 :                HasOnlyNoDataT(
    6267             :                    static_cast<const uint16_t *>(pBuffer),
    6268          55 :                    static_cast<uint16_t>(static_cast<int16_t>(dfNoDataValue)),
    6269          56 :                    nWidth, nHeight, nLineStride, nComponents);
    6270             :     }
    6271         691 :     if (nBitsPerSample == 32 && nSampleFormat == GSF_UNSIGNED_INT)
    6272             :     {
    6273         129 :         return GDALIsValueInRange<uint32_t>(dfNoDataValue) &&
    6274          64 :                HasOnlyNoDataT(static_cast<const uint32_t *>(pBuffer),
    6275             :                               static_cast<uint32_t>(dfNoDataValue), nWidth,
    6276          65 :                               nHeight, nLineStride, nComponents);
    6277             :     }
    6278         626 :     if (nBitsPerSample == 32 && nSampleFormat == GSF_SIGNED_INT)
    6279             :     {
    6280             :         // Use unsigned implementation by converting the nodatavalue to
    6281             :         // unsigned
    6282          23 :         return GDALIsValueInRange<int32_t>(dfNoDataValue) &&
    6283          11 :                HasOnlyNoDataT(
    6284             :                    static_cast<const uint32_t *>(pBuffer),
    6285          11 :                    static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<int32_t>(dfNoDataValue)),
    6286          12 :                    nWidth, nHeight, nLineStride, nComponents);
    6287             :     }
    6288         614 :     if (nBitsPerSample == 64 && nSampleFormat == GSF_UNSIGNED_INT)
    6289             :     {
    6290         112 :         return GDALIsValueInRange<uint64_t>(dfNoDataValue) &&
    6291          56 :                HasOnlyNoDataT(static_cast<const uint64_t *>(pBuffer),
    6292             :                               static_cast<uint64_t>(dfNoDataValue), nWidth,
    6293          56 :                               nHeight, nLineStride, nComponents);
    6294             :     }
    6295         558 :     if (nBitsPerSample == 64 && nSampleFormat == GSF_SIGNED_INT)
    6296             :     {
    6297             :         // Use unsigned implementation by converting the nodatavalue to
    6298             :         // unsigned
    6299           0 :         return GDALIsValueInRange<int64_t>(dfNoDataValue) &&
    6300           0 :                HasOnlyNoDataT(
    6301             :                    static_cast<const uint64_t *>(pBuffer),
    6302           0 :                    static_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<int64_t>(dfNoDataValue)),
    6303           0 :                    nWidth, nHeight, nLineStride, nComponents);
    6304             :     }
    6305         558 :     if (nBitsPerSample == 16 && nSampleFormat == GSF_FLOATING_POINT)
    6306             :     {
    6307         106 :         return (std::isnan(dfNoDataValue) ||
    6308         211 :                 GDALIsValueInRange<GFloat16>(dfNoDataValue)) &&
    6309         105 :                HasOnlyNoDataT(static_cast<const GFloat16 *>(pBuffer),
    6310             :                               static_cast<GFloat16>(dfNoDataValue), nWidth,
    6311         106 :                               nHeight, nLineStride, nComponents);
    6312             :     }
    6313         452 :     if (nBitsPerSample == 32 && nSampleFormat == GSF_FLOATING_POINT)
    6314             :     {
    6315         268 :         return (std::isnan(dfNoDataValue) ||
    6316         535 :                 GDALIsValueInRange<float>(dfNoDataValue)) &&
    6317         267 :                HasOnlyNoDataT(static_cast<const float *>(pBuffer),
    6318             :                               static_cast<float>(dfNoDataValue), nWidth,
    6319         268 :                               nHeight, nLineStride, nComponents);
    6320             :     }
    6321         184 :     if (nBitsPerSample == 64 && nSampleFormat == GSF_FLOATING_POINT)
    6322             :     {
    6323         184 :         return HasOnlyNoDataT(static_cast<const double *>(pBuffer),
    6324             :                               dfNoDataValue, nWidth, nHeight, nLineStride,
    6325         184 :                               nComponents);
    6326             :     }
    6327           0 :     return false;
    6328             : }
    6329             : 
    6330             : #ifdef HAVE_SSE2
    6331             : 
    6332             : /************************************************************************/
    6333             : /*                       GDALDeinterleave3Byte()                        */
    6334             : /************************************************************************/
    6335             : 
    6336             : #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
    6337             : __attribute__((optimize("no-tree-vectorize")))
    6338             : #endif
    6339      382254 : static void GDALDeinterleave3Byte(const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabySrc,
    6340             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest0,
    6341             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest1,
    6342             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest2, size_t nIters)
    6343             : #ifdef USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS
    6344             : {
    6345             :     return GDALDeinterleave3Byte_SSSE3(pabySrc, pabyDest0, pabyDest1, pabyDest2,
    6346             :                                        nIters);
    6347             : }
    6348             : #else
    6349             : {
    6350             : #ifdef HAVE_SSSE3_AT_COMPILE_TIME
    6351      382254 :     if (CPLHaveRuntimeSSSE3())
    6352             :     {
    6353      382252 :         return GDALDeinterleave3Byte_SSSE3(pabySrc, pabyDest0, pabyDest1,
    6354      382252 :                                            pabyDest2, nIters);
    6355             :     }
    6356             : #endif
    6357             : 
    6358           2 :     size_t i = 0;
    6359           2 :     if (((reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(pabySrc) |
    6360           2 :           reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(pabyDest0) |
    6361           2 :           reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(pabyDest1) |
    6362           2 :           reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(pabyDest2)) %
    6363             :          sizeof(unsigned int)) == 0)
    6364             :     {
    6365             :         // Slightly better than GCC autovectorizer
    6366          17 :         for (size_t j = 0; i + 3 < nIters; i += 4, ++j)
    6367             :         {
    6368          15 :             unsigned int word0 =
    6369          15 :                 *reinterpret_cast<const unsigned int *>(pabySrc + 3 * i);
    6370          15 :             unsigned int word1 =
    6371          15 :                 *reinterpret_cast<const unsigned int *>(pabySrc + 3 * i + 4);
    6372          15 :             unsigned int word2 =
    6373          15 :                 *reinterpret_cast<const unsigned int *>(pabySrc + 3 * i + 8);
    6374          15 :             reinterpret_cast<unsigned int *>(pabyDest0)[j] =
    6375          15 :                 (word0 & 0xff) | ((word0 >> 24) << 8) | (word1 & 0x00ff0000) |
    6376          15 :                 ((word2 >> 8) << 24);
    6377          15 :             reinterpret_cast<unsigned int *>(pabyDest1)[j] =
    6378          15 :                 ((word0 >> 8) & 0xff) | ((word1 & 0xff) << 8) |
    6379          15 :                 (((word1 >> 24)) << 16) | ((word2 >> 16) << 24);
    6380          15 :             pabyDest2[j * 4] = static_cast<GByte>(word0 >> 16);
    6381          15 :             pabyDest2[j * 4 + 1] = static_cast<GByte>(word1 >> 8);
    6382          15 :             pabyDest2[j * 4 + 2] = static_cast<GByte>(word2);
    6383          15 :             pabyDest2[j * 4 + 3] = static_cast<GByte>(word2 >> 24);
    6384             :         }
    6385             :     }
    6386             : #if defined(__clang__)
    6387             : #pragma clang loop vectorize(disable)
    6388             : #endif
    6389           3 :     for (; i < nIters; ++i)
    6390             :     {
    6391           1 :         pabyDest0[i] = pabySrc[3 * i + 0];
    6392           1 :         pabyDest1[i] = pabySrc[3 * i + 1];
    6393           1 :         pabyDest2[i] = pabySrc[3 * i + 2];
    6394             :     }
    6395             : }
    6396             : #endif
    6397             : 
    6398             : /************************************************************************/
    6399             : /*                       GDALDeinterleave4Byte()                        */
    6400             : /************************************************************************/
    6401             : 
    6402             : #if !defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
    6403             : 
    6404             : /************************************************************************/
    6405             : /*                            deinterleave()                            */
    6406             : /************************************************************************/
    6407             : 
    6408             : template <bool SHIFT, bool MASK>
    6409             : inline __m128i deinterleave(__m128i &xmm0_ori, __m128i &xmm1_ori,
    6410             :                             __m128i &xmm2_ori, __m128i &xmm3_ori)
    6411             : {
    6412             :     // Set higher 24bit of each int32 packed word to 0
    6413             :     if (SHIFT)
    6414             :     {
    6415             :         xmm0_ori = _mm_srli_epi32(xmm0_ori, 8);
    6416             :         xmm1_ori = _mm_srli_epi32(xmm1_ori, 8);
    6417             :         xmm2_ori = _mm_srli_epi32(xmm2_ori, 8);
    6418             :         xmm3_ori = _mm_srli_epi32(xmm3_ori, 8);
    6419             :     }
    6420             :     __m128i xmm0;
    6421             :     __m128i xmm1;
    6422             :     __m128i xmm2;
    6423             :     __m128i xmm3;
    6424             :     if (MASK)
    6425             :     {
    6426             :         const __m128i xmm_mask = _mm_set1_epi32(0xff);
    6427             :         xmm0 = _mm_and_si128(xmm0_ori, xmm_mask);
    6428             :         xmm1 = _mm_and_si128(xmm1_ori, xmm_mask);
    6429             :         xmm2 = _mm_and_si128(xmm2_ori, xmm_mask);
    6430             :         xmm3 = _mm_and_si128(xmm3_ori, xmm_mask);
    6431             :     }
    6432             :     else
    6433             :     {
    6434             :         xmm0 = xmm0_ori;
    6435             :         xmm1 = xmm1_ori;
    6436             :         xmm2 = xmm2_ori;
    6437             :         xmm3 = xmm3_ori;
    6438             :     }
    6439             :     // Pack int32 to int16
    6440             :     xmm0 = _mm_packs_epi32(xmm0, xmm1);
    6441             :     xmm2 = _mm_packs_epi32(xmm2, xmm3);
    6442             :     // Pack int16 to uint8
    6443             :     xmm0 = _mm_packus_epi16(xmm0, xmm2);
    6444             :     return xmm0;
    6445             : }
    6446             : 
    6447             : static void GDALDeinterleave4Byte(const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabySrc,
    6448             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest0,
    6449             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest1,
    6450             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest2,
    6451             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest3, size_t nIters)
    6452             : #ifdef USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS
    6453             : {
    6454             :     return GDALDeinterleave4Byte_SSSE3(pabySrc, pabyDest0, pabyDest1, pabyDest2,
    6455             :                                        pabyDest3, nIters);
    6456             : }
    6457             : #else
    6458             : {
    6459             : #ifdef HAVE_SSSE3_AT_COMPILE_TIME
    6460             :     if (CPLHaveRuntimeSSSE3())
    6461             :     {
    6462             :         return GDALDeinterleave4Byte_SSSE3(pabySrc, pabyDest0, pabyDest1,
    6463             :                                            pabyDest2, pabyDest3, nIters);
    6464             :     }
    6465             : #endif
    6466             : 
    6467             :     // Not the optimal SSE2-only code, as gcc auto-vectorizer manages to
    6468             :     // do something slightly better.
    6469             :     size_t i = 0;
    6470             :     for (; i + 15 < nIters; i += 16)
    6471             :     {
    6472             :         __m128i xmm0_ori = _mm_loadu_si128(
    6473             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pabySrc + 4 * i + 0));
    6474             :         __m128i xmm1_ori = _mm_loadu_si128(
    6475             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pabySrc + 4 * i + 16));
    6476             :         __m128i xmm2_ori = _mm_loadu_si128(
    6477             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pabySrc + 4 * i + 32));
    6478             :         __m128i xmm3_ori = _mm_loadu_si128(
    6479             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pabySrc + 4 * i + 48));
    6480             : 
    6481             :         _mm_storeu_si128(
    6482             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pabyDest0 + i),
    6483             :             deinterleave<false, true>(xmm0_ori, xmm1_ori, xmm2_ori, xmm3_ori));
    6484             :         _mm_storeu_si128(
    6485             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pabyDest1 + i),
    6486             :             deinterleave<true, true>(xmm0_ori, xmm1_ori, xmm2_ori, xmm3_ori));
    6487             :         _mm_storeu_si128(
    6488             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pabyDest2 + i),
    6489             :             deinterleave<true, true>(xmm0_ori, xmm1_ori, xmm2_ori, xmm3_ori));
    6490             :         _mm_storeu_si128(
    6491             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pabyDest3 + i),
    6492             :             deinterleave<true, false>(xmm0_ori, xmm1_ori, xmm2_ori, xmm3_ori));
    6493             :     }
    6494             : 
    6495             : #if defined(__clang__)
    6496             : #pragma clang loop vectorize(disable)
    6497             : #endif
    6498             :     for (; i < nIters; ++i)
    6499             :     {
    6500             :         pabyDest0[i] = pabySrc[4 * i + 0];
    6501             :         pabyDest1[i] = pabySrc[4 * i + 1];
    6502             :         pabyDest2[i] = pabySrc[4 * i + 2];
    6503             :         pabyDest3[i] = pabySrc[4 * i + 3];
    6504             :     }
    6505             : }
    6506             : #endif
    6507             : #else
    6508             : // GCC autovectorizer does an excellent job
    6509       97794 : __attribute__((optimize("tree-vectorize"))) static void GDALDeinterleave4Byte(
    6510             :     const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabySrc, GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest0,
    6511             :     GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest1, GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest2,
    6512             :     GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest3, size_t nIters)
    6513             : {
    6514   545702000 :     for (size_t i = 0; i < nIters; ++i)
    6515             :     {
    6516   545604000 :         pabyDest0[i] = pabySrc[4 * i + 0];
    6517   545604000 :         pabyDest1[i] = pabySrc[4 * i + 1];
    6518   545604000 :         pabyDest2[i] = pabySrc[4 * i + 2];
    6519   545604000 :         pabyDest3[i] = pabySrc[4 * i + 3];
    6520             :     }
    6521       97794 : }
    6522             : #endif
    6523             : 
    6524             : #else
    6525             : 
    6526             : /************************************************************************/
    6527             : /*                       GDALDeinterleave3Byte()                        */
    6528             : /************************************************************************/
    6529             : 
    6530             : // TODO: Enabling below could help on non-Intel architectures where GCC knows
    6531             : // how to auto-vectorize
    6532             : // #if defined(__GNUC__)
    6533             : //__attribute__((optimize("tree-vectorize")))
    6534             : // #endif
    6535             : static void GDALDeinterleave3Byte(const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabySrc,
    6536             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest0,
    6537             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest1,
    6538             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest2, size_t nIters)
    6539             : {
    6540             :     for (size_t i = 0; i < nIters; ++i)
    6541             :     {
    6542             :         pabyDest0[i] = pabySrc[3 * i + 0];
    6543             :         pabyDest1[i] = pabySrc[3 * i + 1];
    6544             :         pabyDest2[i] = pabySrc[3 * i + 2];
    6545             :     }
    6546             : }
    6547             : 
    6548             : /************************************************************************/
    6549             : /*                       GDALDeinterleave4Byte()                        */
    6550             : /************************************************************************/
    6551             : 
    6552             : // TODO: Enabling below could help on non-Intel architectures where gcc knows
    6553             : // how to auto-vectorize
    6554             : // #if defined(__GNUC__)
    6555             : //__attribute__((optimize("tree-vectorize")))
    6556             : // #endif
    6557             : static void GDALDeinterleave4Byte(const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabySrc,
    6558             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest0,
    6559             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest1,
    6560             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest2,
    6561             :                                   GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest3, size_t nIters)
    6562             : {
    6563             :     for (size_t i = 0; i < nIters; ++i)
    6564             :     {
    6565             :         pabyDest0[i] = pabySrc[4 * i + 0];
    6566             :         pabyDest1[i] = pabySrc[4 * i + 1];
    6567             :         pabyDest2[i] = pabySrc[4 * i + 2];
    6568             :         pabyDest3[i] = pabySrc[4 * i + 3];
    6569             :     }
    6570             : }
    6571             : 
    6572             : #endif
    6573             : 
    6574             : /************************************************************************/
    6575             : /*                          GDALDeinterleave()                          */
    6576             : /************************************************************************/
    6577             : 
    6578             : /*! Copy values from a pixel-interleave buffer to multiple per-component
    6579             :     buffers.
    6580             : 
    6581             :     In pseudo-code
    6582             :     \verbatim
    6583             :     for(size_t i = 0; i < nIters; ++i)
    6584             :         for(int iComp = 0; iComp < nComponents; iComp++ )
    6585             :             ppDestBuffer[iComp][i] = pSourceBuffer[nComponents * i + iComp]
    6586             :     \endverbatim
    6587             : 
    6588             :     The implementation is optimized for a few cases, like de-interleaving
    6589             :     of 3 or 4-components Byte buffers.
    6590             : 
    6591             :     \since GDAL 3.6
    6592             :  */
    6593      480398 : void GDALDeinterleave(const void *pSourceBuffer, GDALDataType eSourceDT,
    6594             :                       int nComponents, void **ppDestBuffer,
    6595             :                       GDALDataType eDestDT, size_t nIters)
    6596             : {
    6597      480398 :     if (eSourceDT == eDestDT)
    6598             :     {
    6599      480376 :         if (eSourceDT == GDT_UInt8 || eSourceDT == GDT_Int8)
    6600             :         {
    6601      480055 :             if (nComponents == 3)
    6602             :             {
    6603      382254 :                 const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabySrc =
    6604             :                     static_cast<const GByte *>(pSourceBuffer);
    6605      382254 :                 GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest0 =
    6606             :                     static_cast<GByte *>(ppDestBuffer[0]);
    6607      382254 :                 GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest1 =
    6608             :                     static_cast<GByte *>(ppDestBuffer[1]);
    6609      382254 :                 GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest2 =
    6610             :                     static_cast<GByte *>(ppDestBuffer[2]);
    6611      382254 :                 GDALDeinterleave3Byte(pabySrc, pabyDest0, pabyDest1, pabyDest2,
    6612             :                                       nIters);
    6613      382254 :                 return;
    6614             :             }
    6615       97801 :             else if (nComponents == 4)
    6616             :             {
    6617       97794 :                 const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabySrc =
    6618             :                     static_cast<const GByte *>(pSourceBuffer);
    6619       97794 :                 GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest0 =
    6620             :                     static_cast<GByte *>(ppDestBuffer[0]);
    6621       97794 :                 GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest1 =
    6622             :                     static_cast<GByte *>(ppDestBuffer[1]);
    6623       97794 :                 GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest2 =
    6624             :                     static_cast<GByte *>(ppDestBuffer[2]);
    6625       97794 :                 GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyDest3 =
    6626             :                     static_cast<GByte *>(ppDestBuffer[3]);
    6627       97794 :                 GDALDeinterleave4Byte(pabySrc, pabyDest0, pabyDest1, pabyDest2,
    6628             :                                       pabyDest3, nIters);
    6629       97794 :                 return;
    6630           7 :             }
    6631             :         }
    6632             : #if ((defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)) ||                             \
    6633             :      defined(__INTEL_CLANG_COMPILER)) &&                                       \
    6634             :     defined(HAVE_SSE2) && defined(HAVE_SSSE3_AT_COMPILE_TIME)
    6635         642 :         else if ((eSourceDT == GDT_Int16 || eSourceDT == GDT_UInt16) &&
    6636         321 :                  CPLHaveRuntimeSSSE3())
    6637             :         {
    6638         321 :             if (nComponents == 3)
    6639             :             {
    6640         126 :                 const GUInt16 *CPL_RESTRICT panSrc =
    6641             :                     static_cast<const GUInt16 *>(pSourceBuffer);
    6642         126 :                 GUInt16 *CPL_RESTRICT panDest0 =
    6643             :                     static_cast<GUInt16 *>(ppDestBuffer[0]);
    6644         126 :                 GUInt16 *CPL_RESTRICT panDest1 =
    6645             :                     static_cast<GUInt16 *>(ppDestBuffer[1]);
    6646         126 :                 GUInt16 *CPL_RESTRICT panDest2 =
    6647             :                     static_cast<GUInt16 *>(ppDestBuffer[2]);
    6648         126 :                 GDALDeinterleave3UInt16_SSSE3(panSrc, panDest0, panDest1,
    6649             :                                               panDest2, nIters);
    6650         126 :                 return;
    6651             :             }
    6652             : #if !defined(__INTEL_CLANG_COMPILER)
    6653             :             // ICC autovectorizer doesn't do a good job, at least with icx
    6654             :             // 2022.1.0.20220316
    6655         195 :             else if (nComponents == 4)
    6656             :             {
    6657         195 :                 const GUInt16 *CPL_RESTRICT panSrc =
    6658             :                     static_cast<const GUInt16 *>(pSourceBuffer);
    6659         195 :                 GUInt16 *CPL_RESTRICT panDest0 =
    6660             :                     static_cast<GUInt16 *>(ppDestBuffer[0]);
    6661         195 :                 GUInt16 *CPL_RESTRICT panDest1 =
    6662             :                     static_cast<GUInt16 *>(ppDestBuffer[1]);
    6663         195 :                 GUInt16 *CPL_RESTRICT panDest2 =
    6664             :                     static_cast<GUInt16 *>(ppDestBuffer[2]);
    6665         195 :                 GUInt16 *CPL_RESTRICT panDest3 =
    6666             :                     static_cast<GUInt16 *>(ppDestBuffer[3]);
    6667         195 :                 GDALDeinterleave4UInt16_SSSE3(panSrc, panDest0, panDest1,
    6668             :                                               panDest2, panDest3, nIters);
    6669         195 :                 return;
    6670             :             }
    6671             : #endif
    6672             :         }
    6673             : #endif
    6674             :     }
    6675             : 
    6676          29 :     const int nSourceDTSize = GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eSourceDT);
    6677          29 :     const int nDestDTSize = GDALGetDataTypeSizeBytes(eDestDT);
    6678         108 :     for (int iComp = 0; iComp < nComponents; iComp++)
    6679             :     {
    6680          79 :         GDALCopyWords64(static_cast<const GByte *>(pSourceBuffer) +
    6681          79 :                             iComp * nSourceDTSize,
    6682             :                         eSourceDT, nComponents * nSourceDTSize,
    6683          79 :                         ppDestBuffer[iComp], eDestDT, nDestDTSize, nIters);
    6684             :     }
    6685             : }
    6686             : 
    6687             : /************************************************************************/
    6688             : /*                   GDALTranspose2DSingleToSingle()                    */
    6689             : /************************************************************************/
    6690             : /**
    6691             :  * Transpose a 2D array of non-complex values, in a efficient (cache-oblivious) way.
    6692             :  *
    6693             :  * @param pSrc Source array of height = nSrcHeight and width = nSrcWidth.
    6694             :  * @param pDst Destination transposed array of height = nSrcWidth and width = nSrcHeight.
    6695             :  * @param nSrcWidth Width of pSrc array.
    6696             :  * @param nSrcHeight Height of pSrc array.
    6697             :  */
    6698             : 
    6699             : template <class DST, class SRC>
    6700         160 : void GDALTranspose2DSingleToSingle(const SRC *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    6701             :                                    DST *CPL_RESTRICT pDst, size_t nSrcWidth,
    6702             :                                    size_t nSrcHeight)
    6703             : {
    6704         160 :     constexpr size_t blocksize = 32;
    6705         345 :     for (size_t i = 0; i < nSrcHeight; i += blocksize)
    6706             :     {
    6707         185 :         const size_t max_k = std::min(i + blocksize, nSrcHeight);
    6708        5016 :         for (size_t j = 0; j < nSrcWidth; j += blocksize)
    6709             :         {
    6710             :             // transpose the block beginning at [i,j]
    6711        4831 :             const size_t max_l = std::min(j + blocksize, nSrcWidth);
    6712       26185 :             for (size_t k = i; k < max_k; ++k)
    6713             :             {
    6714      669282 :                 for (size_t l = j; l < max_l; ++l)
    6715             :                 {
    6716      647928 :                     GDALCopyWord(pSrc[l + k * nSrcWidth],
    6717      647928 :                                  pDst[k + l * nSrcHeight]);
    6718             :                 }
    6719             :             }
    6720             :         }
    6721             :     }
    6722         160 : }
    6723             : 
    6724             : /************************************************************************/
    6725             : /*                  GDALTranspose2DComplexToComplex()                   */
    6726             : /************************************************************************/
    6727             : /**
    6728             :  * Transpose a 2D array of complex values into an array of complex values,
    6729             :  * in a efficient (cache-oblivious) way.
    6730             :  *
    6731             :  * @param pSrc Source array of height = nSrcHeight and width = nSrcWidth.
    6732             :  * @param pDst Destination transposed array of height = nSrcWidth and width = nSrcHeight.
    6733             :  * @param nSrcWidth Width of pSrc array.
    6734             :  * @param nSrcHeight Height of pSrc array.
    6735             :  */
    6736             : template <class DST, class SRC>
    6737          25 : void GDALTranspose2DComplexToComplex(const SRC *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    6738             :                                      DST *CPL_RESTRICT pDst, size_t nSrcWidth,
    6739             :                                      size_t nSrcHeight)
    6740             : {
    6741          25 :     constexpr size_t blocksize = 32;
    6742          50 :     for (size_t i = 0; i < nSrcHeight; i += blocksize)
    6743             :     {
    6744          25 :         const size_t max_k = std::min(i + blocksize, nSrcHeight);
    6745          50 :         for (size_t j = 0; j < nSrcWidth; j += blocksize)
    6746             :         {
    6747             :             // transpose the block beginning at [i,j]
    6748          25 :             const size_t max_l = std::min(j + blocksize, nSrcWidth);
    6749          75 :             for (size_t k = i; k < max_k; ++k)
    6750             :             {
    6751         200 :                 for (size_t l = j; l < max_l; ++l)
    6752             :                 {
    6753         150 :                     GDALCopyWord(pSrc[2 * (l + k * nSrcWidth) + 0],
    6754         150 :                                  pDst[2 * (k + l * nSrcHeight) + 0]);
    6755         150 :                     GDALCopyWord(pSrc[2 * (l + k * nSrcWidth) + 1],
    6756         150 :                                  pDst[2 * (k + l * nSrcHeight) + 1]);
    6757             :                 }
    6758             :             }
    6759             :         }
    6760             :     }
    6761          25 : }
    6762             : 
    6763             : /************************************************************************/
    6764             : /*                   GDALTranspose2DComplexToSingle()                   */
    6765             : /************************************************************************/
    6766             : /**
    6767             :  * Transpose a 2D array of complex values into an array of non-complex values,
    6768             :  * in a efficient (cache-oblivious) way.
    6769             :  *
    6770             :  * @param pSrc Source array of height = nSrcHeight and width = nSrcWidth.
    6771             :  * @param pDst Destination transposed array of height = nSrcWidth and width = nSrcHeight.
    6772             :  * @param nSrcWidth Width of pSrc array.
    6773             :  * @param nSrcHeight Height of pSrc array.
    6774             :  */
    6775             : template <class DST, class SRC>
    6776          55 : void GDALTranspose2DComplexToSingle(const SRC *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    6777             :                                     DST *CPL_RESTRICT pDst, size_t nSrcWidth,
    6778             :                                     size_t nSrcHeight)
    6779             : {
    6780          55 :     constexpr size_t blocksize = 32;
    6781         110 :     for (size_t i = 0; i < nSrcHeight; i += blocksize)
    6782             :     {
    6783          55 :         const size_t max_k = std::min(i + blocksize, nSrcHeight);
    6784         110 :         for (size_t j = 0; j < nSrcWidth; j += blocksize)
    6785             :         {
    6786             :             // transpose the block beginning at [i,j]
    6787          55 :             const size_t max_l = std::min(j + blocksize, nSrcWidth);
    6788         165 :             for (size_t k = i; k < max_k; ++k)
    6789             :             {
    6790         440 :                 for (size_t l = j; l < max_l; ++l)
    6791             :                 {
    6792         330 :                     GDALCopyWord(pSrc[2 * (l + k * nSrcWidth) + 0],
    6793         330 :                                  pDst[k + l * nSrcHeight]);
    6794             :                 }
    6795             :             }
    6796             :         }
    6797             :     }
    6798          55 : }
    6799             : 
    6800             : /************************************************************************/
    6801             : /*                   GDALTranspose2DSingleToComplex()                   */
    6802             : /************************************************************************/
    6803             : /**
    6804             :  * Transpose a 2D array of non-complex values into an array of complex values,
    6805             :  * in a efficient (cache-oblivious) way.
    6806             :  *
    6807             :  * @param pSrc Source array of height = nSrcHeight and width = nSrcWidth.
    6808             :  * @param pDst Destination transposed array of height = nSrcWidth and width = nSrcHeight.
    6809             :  * @param nSrcWidth Width of pSrc array.
    6810             :  * @param nSrcHeight Height of pSrc array.
    6811             :  */
    6812             : template <class DST, class SRC>
    6813          55 : void GDALTranspose2DSingleToComplex(const SRC *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    6814             :                                     DST *CPL_RESTRICT pDst, size_t nSrcWidth,
    6815             :                                     size_t nSrcHeight)
    6816             : {
    6817          55 :     constexpr size_t blocksize = 32;
    6818         110 :     for (size_t i = 0; i < nSrcHeight; i += blocksize)
    6819             :     {
    6820          55 :         const size_t max_k = std::min(i + blocksize, nSrcHeight);
    6821         110 :         for (size_t j = 0; j < nSrcWidth; j += blocksize)
    6822             :         {
    6823             :             // transpose the block beginning at [i,j]
    6824          55 :             const size_t max_l = std::min(j + blocksize, nSrcWidth);
    6825         165 :             for (size_t k = i; k < max_k; ++k)
    6826             :             {
    6827         440 :                 for (size_t l = j; l < max_l; ++l)
    6828             :                 {
    6829         330 :                     GDALCopyWord(pSrc[l + k * nSrcWidth],
    6830         330 :                                  pDst[2 * (k + l * nSrcHeight) + 0]);
    6831         330 :                     pDst[2 * (k + l * nSrcHeight) + 1] = 0;
    6832             :                 }
    6833             :             }
    6834             :         }
    6835             :     }
    6836          55 : }
    6837             : 
    6838             : /************************************************************************/
    6839             : /*                          GDALTranspose2D()                           */
    6840             : /************************************************************************/
    6841             : 
    6842             : template <class DST, bool DST_IS_COMPLEX>
    6843         295 : static void GDALTranspose2D(const void *pSrc, GDALDataType eSrcType, DST *pDst,
    6844             :                             size_t nSrcWidth, size_t nSrcHeight)
    6845             : {
    6846             : #define CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(SRC_TYPE)                                \
    6847             :     do                                                                         \
    6848             :     {                                                                          \
    6849             :         if constexpr (DST_IS_COMPLEX)                                          \
    6850             :         {                                                                      \
    6851             :             GDALTranspose2DSingleToComplex(                                    \
    6852             :                 static_cast<const SRC_TYPE *>(pSrc), pDst, nSrcWidth,          \
    6853             :                 nSrcHeight);                                                   \
    6854             :         }                                                                      \
    6855             :         else                                                                   \
    6856             :         {                                                                      \
    6857             :             GDALTranspose2DSingleToSingle(static_cast<const SRC_TYPE *>(pSrc), \
    6858             :                                           pDst, nSrcWidth, nSrcHeight);        \
    6859             :         }                                                                      \
    6860             :     } while (0)
    6861             : 
    6862             : #define CALL_GDALTranspose2DComplex_internal(SRC_TYPE)                         \
    6863             :     do                                                                         \
    6864             :     {                                                                          \
    6865             :         if constexpr (DST_IS_COMPLEX)                                          \
    6866             :         {                                                                      \
    6867             :             GDALTranspose2DComplexToComplex(                                   \
    6868             :                 static_cast<const SRC_TYPE *>(pSrc), pDst, nSrcWidth,          \
    6869             :                 nSrcHeight);                                                   \
    6870             :         }                                                                      \
    6871             :         else                                                                   \
    6872             :         {                                                                      \
    6873             :             GDALTranspose2DComplexToSingle(                                    \
    6874             :                 static_cast<const SRC_TYPE *>(pSrc), pDst, nSrcWidth,          \
    6875             :                 nSrcHeight);                                                   \
    6876             :         }                                                                      \
    6877             :     } while (0)
    6878             : 
    6879             :     // clang-format off
    6880         295 :     switch (eSrcType)
    6881             :     {
    6882          16 :         case GDT_UInt8:     CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(uint8_t); break;
    6883          15 :         case GDT_Int8:     CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(int8_t); break;
    6884          33 :         case GDT_UInt16:   CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(uint16_t); break;
    6885          20 :         case GDT_Int16:    CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(int16_t); break;
    6886          24 :         case GDT_UInt32:   CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(uint32_t); break;
    6887          16 :         case GDT_Int32:    CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(int32_t); break;
    6888          16 :         case GDT_UInt64:   CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(uint64_t); break;
    6889          16 :         case GDT_Int64:    CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(int64_t); break;
    6890          16 :         case GDT_Float16:  CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(GFloat16); break;
    6891          19 :         case GDT_Float32:  CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(float); break;
    6892          24 :         case GDT_Float64:  CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(double); break;
    6893          16 :         case GDT_CInt16:   CALL_GDALTranspose2DComplex_internal(int16_t); break;
    6894          16 :         case GDT_CInt32:   CALL_GDALTranspose2DComplex_internal(int32_t); break;
    6895          16 :         case GDT_CFloat16: CALL_GDALTranspose2DComplex_internal(GFloat16); break;
    6896          16 :         case GDT_CFloat32: CALL_GDALTranspose2DComplex_internal(float); break;
    6897          16 :         case GDT_CFloat64: CALL_GDALTranspose2DComplex_internal(double); break;
    6898           0 :         case GDT_Unknown:
    6899             :         case GDT_TypeCount:
    6900           0 :             break;
    6901             :     }
    6902             :         // clang-format on
    6903             : 
    6904             : #undef CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal
    6905             : #undef CALL_GDALTranspose2DComplex_internal
    6906         295 : }
    6907             : 
    6908             : /************************************************************************/
    6909             : /*                        GDALInterleave2Byte()                         */
    6910             : /************************************************************************/
    6911             : 
    6912             : #if defined(HAVE_SSE2) &&                                                      \
    6913             :     (!defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__INTEL_CLANG_COMPILER))
    6914             : 
    6915             : // ICC autovectorizer doesn't do a good job at generating good SSE code,
    6916             : // at least with icx 2024.0.2.20231213, but it nicely unrolls the below loop.
    6917             : #if defined(__GNUC__)
    6918             : __attribute__((noinline))
    6919             : #endif
    6920             : static void GDALInterleave2Byte(const uint8_t *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    6921             :                                 uint8_t *CPL_RESTRICT pDst, size_t nIters)
    6922             : {
    6923             :     size_t i = 0;
    6924             :     constexpr size_t VALS_PER_ITER = 16;
    6925             :     for (i = 0; i + VALS_PER_ITER <= nIters; i += VALS_PER_ITER)
    6926             :     {
    6927             :         __m128i xmm0 =
    6928             :             _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + i));
    6929             :         __m128i xmm1 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    6930             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + i + nIters));
    6931             :         _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDst + 2 * i),
    6932             :                          _mm_unpacklo_epi8(xmm0, xmm1));
    6933             :         _mm_storeu_si128(
    6934             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDst + 2 * i + VALS_PER_ITER),
    6935             :             _mm_unpackhi_epi8(xmm0, xmm1));
    6936             :     }
    6937             : #if defined(__clang__)
    6938             : #pragma clang loop vectorize(disable)
    6939             : #endif
    6940             :     for (; i < nIters; ++i)
    6941             :     {
    6942             :         pDst[2 * i + 0] = pSrc[i + 0 * nIters];
    6943             :         pDst[2 * i + 1] = pSrc[i + 1 * nIters];
    6944             :     }
    6945             : }
    6946             : 
    6947             : #else
    6948             : 
    6949             : #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
    6950             : __attribute__((optimize("tree-vectorize")))
    6951             : #endif
    6952             : #if defined(__GNUC__)
    6953             : __attribute__((noinline))
    6954             : #endif
    6955             : #if defined(__clang__) && !defined(__INTEL_CLANG_COMPILER)
    6956             : // clang++ -O2 -fsanitize=undefined fails to vectorize, ignore that warning
    6957             : #pragma clang diagnostic push
    6958             : #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wpass-failed"
    6959             : #endif
    6960           9 : static void GDALInterleave2Byte(const uint8_t *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    6961             :                                 uint8_t *CPL_RESTRICT pDst, size_t nIters)
    6962             : {
    6963             : #if defined(__clang__) && !defined(__INTEL_CLANG_COMPILER)
    6964             : #pragma clang loop vectorize(enable)
    6965             : #endif
    6966      355429 :     for (size_t i = 0; i < nIters; ++i)
    6967             :     {
    6968      355420 :         pDst[2 * i + 0] = pSrc[i + 0 * nIters];
    6969      355420 :         pDst[2 * i + 1] = pSrc[i + 1 * nIters];
    6970             :     }
    6971           9 : }
    6972             : #if defined(__clang__) && !defined(__INTEL_CLANG_COMPILER)
    6973             : #pragma clang diagnostic pop
    6974             : #endif
    6975             : 
    6976             : #endif
    6977             : 
    6978             : /************************************************************************/
    6979             : /*                        GDALInterleave4Byte()                         */
    6980             : /************************************************************************/
    6981             : 
    6982             : #if defined(HAVE_SSE2) &&                                                      \
    6983             :     (!defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__INTEL_CLANG_COMPILER))
    6984             : 
    6985             : // ICC autovectorizer doesn't do a good job at generating good SSE code,
    6986             : // at least with icx 2024.0.2.20231213, but it nicely unrolls the below loop.
    6987             : #if defined(__GNUC__)
    6988             : __attribute__((noinline))
    6989             : #endif
    6990             : static void GDALInterleave4Byte(const uint8_t *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    6991             :                                 uint8_t *CPL_RESTRICT pDst, size_t nIters)
    6992             : {
    6993             :     size_t i = 0;
    6994             :     constexpr size_t VALS_PER_ITER = 16;
    6995             :     for (i = 0; i + VALS_PER_ITER <= nIters; i += VALS_PER_ITER)
    6996             :     {
    6997             :         __m128i xmm0 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    6998             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + i + 0 * nIters));
    6999             :         __m128i xmm1 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    7000             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + i + 1 * nIters));
    7001             :         __m128i xmm2 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    7002             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + i + 2 * nIters));
    7003             :         __m128i xmm3 = _mm_loadu_si128(
    7004             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i const *>(pSrc + i + 3 * nIters));
    7005             :         auto tmp0 = _mm_unpacklo_epi8(
    7006             :             xmm0,
    7007             :             xmm1);  // (xmm0_0, xmm1_0, xmm0_1, xmm1_1, xmm0_2, xmm1_2, ...)
    7008             :         auto tmp1 = _mm_unpackhi_epi8(
    7009             :             xmm0,
    7010             :             xmm1);  // (xmm0_8, xmm1_8, xmm0_9, xmm1_9, xmm0_10, xmm1_10, ...)
    7011             :         auto tmp2 = _mm_unpacklo_epi8(
    7012             :             xmm2,
    7013             :             xmm3);  // (xmm2_0, xmm3_0, xmm2_1, xmm3_1, xmm2_2, xmm3_2, ...)
    7014             :         auto tmp3 = _mm_unpackhi_epi8(
    7015             :             xmm2,
    7016             :             xmm3);  // (xmm2_8, xmm3_8, xmm2_9, xmm3_9, xmm2_10, xmm3_10, ...)
    7017             :         auto tmp2_0 = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(
    7018             :             tmp0,
    7019             :             tmp2);  // (xmm0_0, xmm1_0, xmm2_0, xmm3_0, xmm0_1, xmm1_1, xmm2_1, xmm3_1, ...)
    7020             :         auto tmp2_1 = _mm_unpackhi_epi16(tmp0, tmp2);
    7021             :         auto tmp2_2 = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(tmp1, tmp3);
    7022             :         auto tmp2_3 = _mm_unpackhi_epi16(tmp1, tmp3);
    7023             :         _mm_storeu_si128(
    7024             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDst + 4 * i + 0 * VALS_PER_ITER),
    7025             :             tmp2_0);
    7026             :         _mm_storeu_si128(
    7027             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDst + 4 * i + 1 * VALS_PER_ITER),
    7028             :             tmp2_1);
    7029             :         _mm_storeu_si128(
    7030             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDst + 4 * i + 2 * VALS_PER_ITER),
    7031             :             tmp2_2);
    7032             :         _mm_storeu_si128(
    7033             :             reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pDst + 4 * i + 3 * VALS_PER_ITER),
    7034             :             tmp2_3);
    7035             :     }
    7036             : #if defined(__clang__)
    7037             : #pragma clang loop vectorize(disable)
    7038             : #endif
    7039             :     for (; i < nIters; ++i)
    7040             :     {
    7041             :         pDst[4 * i + 0] = pSrc[i + 0 * nIters];
    7042             :         pDst[4 * i + 1] = pSrc[i + 1 * nIters];
    7043             :         pDst[4 * i + 2] = pSrc[i + 2 * nIters];
    7044             :         pDst[4 * i + 3] = pSrc[i + 3 * nIters];
    7045             :     }
    7046             : }
    7047             : 
    7048             : #else
    7049             : 
    7050             : #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
    7051             : __attribute__((optimize("tree-vectorize")))
    7052             : #endif
    7053             : #if defined(__GNUC__)
    7054             : __attribute__((noinline))
    7055             : #endif
    7056             : #if defined(__clang__) && !defined(__INTEL_CLANG_COMPILER)
    7057             : // clang++ -O2 -fsanitize=undefined fails to vectorize, ignore that warning
    7058             : #pragma clang diagnostic push
    7059             : #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wpass-failed"
    7060             : #endif
    7061          30 : static void GDALInterleave4Byte(const uint8_t *CPL_RESTRICT pSrc,
    7062             :                                 uint8_t *CPL_RESTRICT pDst, size_t nIters)
    7063             : {
    7064             : #if defined(__clang__) && !defined(__INTEL_CLANG_COMPILER)
    7065             : #pragma clang loop vectorize(enable)
    7066             : #endif
    7067    49620700 :     for (size_t i = 0; i < nIters; ++i)
    7068             :     {
    7069    49620600 :         pDst[4 * i + 0] = pSrc[i + 0 * nIters];
    7070    49620600 :         pDst[4 * i + 1] = pSrc[i + 1 * nIters];
    7071    49620600 :         pDst[4 * i + 2] = pSrc[i + 2 * nIters];
    7072    49620600 :         pDst[4 * i + 3] = pSrc[i + 3 * nIters];
    7073             :     }
    7074          30 : }
    7075             : #if defined(__clang__) && !defined(__INTEL_CLANG_COMPILER)
    7076             : #pragma clang diagnostic pop
    7077             : #endif
    7078             : 
    7079             : #endif
    7080             : 
    7081             : /************************************************************************/
    7082             : /*                          GDALTranspose2D()                           */
    7083             : /************************************************************************/
    7084             : 
    7085             : /**
    7086             :  * Transpose a 2D array in a efficient (cache-oblivious) way.
    7087             :  *
    7088             :  * @param pSrc Source array of width = nSrcWidth and height = nSrcHeight.
    7089             :  * @param eSrcType Data type of pSrc.
    7090             :  * @param pDst Destination transposed array of width = nSrcHeight and height = nSrcWidth.
    7091             :  * @param eDstType Data type of pDst.
    7092             :  * @param nSrcWidth Width of pSrc array.
    7093             :  * @param nSrcHeight Height of pSrc array.
    7094             :  * @since GDAL 3.11
    7095             :  */
    7096             : 
    7097         365 : void GDALTranspose2D(const void *pSrc, GDALDataType eSrcType, void *pDst,
    7098             :                      GDALDataType eDstType, size_t nSrcWidth, size_t nSrcHeight)
    7099             : {
    7100         365 :     if (eSrcType == eDstType && (eSrcType == GDT_UInt8 || eSrcType == GDT_Int8))
    7101             :     {
    7102          70 :         if (nSrcHeight == 2)
    7103             :         {
    7104           9 :             GDALInterleave2Byte(static_cast<const uint8_t *>(pSrc),
    7105             :                                 static_cast<uint8_t *>(pDst), nSrcWidth);
    7106           9 :             return;
    7107             :         }
    7108          61 :         if (nSrcHeight == 4)
    7109             :         {
    7110          30 :             GDALInterleave4Byte(static_cast<const uint8_t *>(pSrc),
    7111             :                                 static_cast<uint8_t *>(pDst), nSrcWidth);
    7112          30 :             return;
    7113             :         }
    7114             : #if (defined(HAVE_SSSE3_AT_COMPILE_TIME) &&                                    \
    7115             :      (defined(__x86_64) || defined(_M_X64)))
    7116          31 :         if (CPLHaveRuntimeSSSE3())
    7117             :         {
    7118          31 :             GDALTranspose2D_Byte_SSSE3(static_cast<const uint8_t *>(pSrc),
    7119             :                                        static_cast<uint8_t *>(pDst), nSrcWidth,
    7120             :                                        nSrcHeight);
    7121          31 :             return;
    7122             :         }
    7123             : #elif defined(USE_NEON_OPTIMIZATIONS)
    7124             :         {
    7125             :             GDALTranspose2D_Byte_SSSE3(static_cast<const uint8_t *>(pSrc),
    7126             :                                        static_cast<uint8_t *>(pDst), nSrcWidth,
    7127             :                                        nSrcHeight);
    7128             :             return;
    7129             :         }
    7130             : #endif
    7131             :     }
    7132             : 
    7133             : #define CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(DST_TYPE, DST_IS_COMPLEX)                \
    7134             :     GDALTranspose2D<DST_TYPE, DST_IS_COMPLEX>(                                 \
    7135             :         pSrc, eSrcType, static_cast<DST_TYPE *>(pDst), nSrcWidth, nSrcHeight)
    7136             : 
    7137             :     // clang-format off
    7138         295 :     switch (eDstType)
    7139             :     {
    7140          15 :         case GDT_UInt8:     CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(uint8_t, false); break;
    7141          15 :         case GDT_Int8:     CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(int8_t, false); break;
    7142          33 :         case GDT_UInt16:   CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(uint16_t, false); break;
    7143          20 :         case GDT_Int16:    CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(int16_t, false); break;
    7144          24 :         case GDT_UInt32:   CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(uint32_t, false); break;
    7145          16 :         case GDT_Int32:    CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(int32_t, false); break;
    7146          16 :         case GDT_UInt64:   CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(uint64_t, false); break;
    7147          16 :         case GDT_Int64:    CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(int64_t, false); break;
    7148          16 :         case GDT_Float16:  CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(GFloat16, false); break;
    7149          19 :         case GDT_Float32:  CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(float, false); break;
    7150          25 :         case GDT_Float64:  CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(double, false); break;
    7151          16 :         case GDT_CInt16:   CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(int16_t, true); break;
    7152          16 :         case GDT_CInt32:   CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(int32_t, true); break;
    7153          16 :         case GDT_CFloat16: CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(GFloat16, true); break;
    7154          16 :         case GDT_CFloat32: CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(float, true); break;
    7155          16 :         case GDT_CFloat64: CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal(double, true); break;
    7156           0 :         case GDT_Unknown:
    7157             :         case GDT_TypeCount:
    7158           0 :             break;
    7159             :     }
    7160             :         // clang-format on
    7161             : 
    7162             : #undef CALL_GDALTranspose2D_internal
    7163             : }
    7164             : 
    7165             : /************************************************************************/
    7166             : /*                     ExtractBitAndConvertTo255()                      */
    7167             : /************************************************************************/
    7168             : 
    7169             : #if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(_MSC_VER)
    7170             : // Signedness of char implementation dependent, so be explicit.
    7171             : // Assumes 2-complement integer types and sign extension of right shifting
    7172             : // GCC guarantees such:
    7173             : // https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Integers-implementation.html#Integers-implementation
    7174      143590 : static inline GByte ExtractBitAndConvertTo255(GByte byVal, int nBit)
    7175             : {
    7176      143590 :     return static_cast<GByte>(static_cast<signed char>(byVal << (7 - nBit)) >>
    7177      143590 :                               7);
    7178             : }
    7179             : #else
    7180             : // Portable way
    7181             : static inline GByte ExtractBitAndConvertTo255(GByte byVal, int nBit)
    7182             : {
    7183             :     return (byVal & (1 << nBit)) ? 255 : 0;
    7184             : }
    7185             : #endif
    7186             : 
    7187             : /************************************************************************/
    7188             : /*                  ExpandEightPackedBitsToByteAt255()                  */
    7189             : /************************************************************************/
    7190             : 
    7191       17813 : static inline void ExpandEightPackedBitsToByteAt255(GByte byVal,
    7192             :                                                     GByte abyOutput[8])
    7193             : {
    7194       17813 :     abyOutput[0] = ExtractBitAndConvertTo255(byVal, 7);
    7195       17813 :     abyOutput[1] = ExtractBitAndConvertTo255(byVal, 6);
    7196       17813 :     abyOutput[2] = ExtractBitAndConvertTo255(byVal, 5);
    7197       17813 :     abyOutput[3] = ExtractBitAndConvertTo255(byVal, 4);
    7198       17813 :     abyOutput[4] = ExtractBitAndConvertTo255(byVal, 3);
    7199       17813 :     abyOutput[5] = ExtractBitAndConvertTo255(byVal, 2);
    7200       17813 :     abyOutput[6] = ExtractBitAndConvertTo255(byVal, 1);
    7201       17813 :     abyOutput[7] = ExtractBitAndConvertTo255(byVal, 0);
    7202       17813 : }
    7203             : 
    7204             : /************************************************************************/
    7205             : /*                 GDALExpandPackedBitsToByteAt0Or255()                 */
    7206             : /************************************************************************/
    7207             : 
    7208             : /** Expand packed-bits (ordered from most-significant bit to least one)
    7209             :   into a byte each, where a bit at 0 is expanded to a byte at 0, and a bit
    7210             :   at 1 to a byte at 255.
    7211             : 
    7212             :  The function does (in a possibly more optimized way) the following:
    7213             :  \code{.cpp}
    7214             :  for (size_t i = 0; i < nInputBits; ++i )
    7215             :  {
    7216             :      pabyOutput[i] = (pabyInput[i / 8] & (1 << (7 - (i % 8)))) ? 255 : 0;
    7217             :  }
    7218             :  \endcode
    7219             : 
    7220             :  @param pabyInput Input array of (nInputBits + 7) / 8 bytes.
    7221             :  @param pabyOutput Output array of nInputBits bytes.
    7222             :  @param nInputBits Number of valid bits in pabyInput.
    7223             : 
    7224             :  @since 3.11
    7225             : */
    7226             : 
    7227       45357 : void GDALExpandPackedBitsToByteAt0Or255(const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyInput,
    7228             :                                         GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyOutput,
    7229             :                                         size_t nInputBits)
    7230             : {
    7231       45357 :     const size_t nInputWholeBytes = nInputBits / 8;
    7232       45357 :     size_t iByte = 0;
    7233             : 
    7234             : #ifdef HAVE_SSE2
    7235             :     // Mask to isolate each bit
    7236       45357 :     const __m128i bit_mask = _mm_set_epi8(1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, -128, 1, 2, 4,
    7237             :                                           8, 16, 32, 64, -128);
    7238       45357 :     const __m128i zero = _mm_setzero_si128();
    7239       45357 :     const __m128i all_ones = _mm_set1_epi8(-1);
    7240             : #ifdef __SSSE3__
    7241             :     const __m128i dispatch_two_bytes =
    7242             :         _mm_set_epi8(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    7243             : #endif
    7244       45357 :     constexpr size_t SSE_REG_SIZE = sizeof(bit_mask);
    7245      135866 :     for (; iByte + SSE_REG_SIZE <= nInputWholeBytes; iByte += SSE_REG_SIZE)
    7246             :     {
    7247       90509 :         __m128i reg_ori = _mm_loadu_si128(
    7248       90509 :             reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(pabyInput + iByte));
    7249             : 
    7250       90509 :         constexpr int NUM_PROCESSED_BYTES_PER_REG = 2;
    7251      814581 :         for (size_t k = 0; k < SSE_REG_SIZE / NUM_PROCESSED_BYTES_PER_REG; ++k)
    7252             :         {
    7253             :             // Given reg_ori = (A, B, ... 14 other bytes ...),
    7254             :             // expand to (A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B)
    7255             : #ifdef __SSSE3__
    7256             :             __m128i reg = _mm_shuffle_epi8(reg_ori, dispatch_two_bytes);
    7257             : #else
    7258      724072 :             __m128i reg = _mm_unpacklo_epi8(reg_ori, reg_ori);
    7259      724072 :             reg = _mm_unpacklo_epi16(reg, reg);
    7260      724072 :             reg = _mm_unpacklo_epi32(reg, reg);
    7261             : #endif
    7262             : 
    7263             :             // Test if bits of interest are set
    7264      724072 :             reg = _mm_and_si128(reg, bit_mask);
    7265             : 
    7266             :             // Now test if those bits are set, by comparing to zero. So the
    7267             :             // result will be that bytes where bits are set will be at 0, and
    7268             :             // ones where they are cleared will be at 0xFF. So the inverse of
    7269             :             // the end result we want!
    7270      724072 :             reg = _mm_cmpeq_epi8(reg, zero);
    7271             : 
    7272             :             // Invert the result
    7273      724072 :             reg = _mm_andnot_si128(reg, all_ones);
    7274             : 
    7275             :             _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(pabyOutput), reg);
    7276             : 
    7277      724072 :             pabyOutput += SSE_REG_SIZE;
    7278             : 
    7279             :             // Right-shift of 2 bytes
    7280      724072 :             reg_ori = _mm_bsrli_si128(reg_ori, NUM_PROCESSED_BYTES_PER_REG);
    7281             :         }
    7282             :     }
    7283             : 
    7284             : #endif  // HAVE_SSE2
    7285             : 
    7286       63170 :     for (; iByte < nInputWholeBytes; ++iByte)
    7287             :     {
    7288       17813 :         ExpandEightPackedBitsToByteAt255(pabyInput[iByte], pabyOutput);
    7289       17813 :         pabyOutput += 8;
    7290             :     }
    7291       46443 :     for (int iBit = 0; iBit < static_cast<int>(nInputBits % 8); ++iBit)
    7292             :     {
    7293        1086 :         *pabyOutput = ExtractBitAndConvertTo255(pabyInput[iByte], 7 - iBit);
    7294        1086 :         ++pabyOutput;
    7295             :     }
    7296       45357 : }
    7297             : 
    7298             : /************************************************************************/
    7299             : /*                   ExpandEightPackedBitsToByteAt1()                   */
    7300             : /************************************************************************/
    7301             : 
    7302      136113 : static inline void ExpandEightPackedBitsToByteAt1(GByte byVal,
    7303             :                                                   GByte abyOutput[8])
    7304             : {
    7305      136113 :     abyOutput[0] = (byVal >> 7) & 0x1;
    7306      136113 :     abyOutput[1] = (byVal >> 6) & 0x1;
    7307      136113 :     abyOutput[2] = (byVal >> 5) & 0x1;
    7308      136113 :     abyOutput[3] = (byVal >> 4) & 0x1;
    7309      136113 :     abyOutput[4] = (byVal >> 3) & 0x1;
    7310      136113 :     abyOutput[5] = (byVal >> 2) & 0x1;
    7311      136113 :     abyOutput[6] = (byVal >> 1) & 0x1;
    7312      136113 :     abyOutput[7] = (byVal >> 0) & 0x1;
    7313      136113 : }
    7314             : 
    7315             : /************************************************************************/
    7316             : /*                  GDALExpandPackedBitsToByteAt0Or1()                  */
    7317             : /************************************************************************/
    7318             : 
    7319             : /** Expand packed-bits (ordered from most-significant bit to least one)
    7320             :   into a byte each, where a bit at 0 is expanded to a byte at 0, and a bit
    7321             :   at 1 to a byte at 1.
    7322             : 
    7323             :  The function does (in a possibly more optimized way) the following:
    7324             :  \code{.cpp}
    7325             :  for (size_t i = 0; i < nInputBits; ++i )
    7326             :  {
    7327             :      pabyOutput[i] = (pabyInput[i / 8] & (1 << (7 - (i % 8)))) ? 1 : 0;
    7328             :  }
    7329             :  \endcode
    7330             : 
    7331             :  @param pabyInput Input array of (nInputBits + 7) / 8 bytes.
    7332             :  @param pabyOutput Output array of nInputBits bytes.
    7333             :  @param nInputBits Number of valid bits in pabyInput.
    7334             : 
    7335             :  @since 3.11
    7336             : */
    7337             : 
    7338        7033 : void GDALExpandPackedBitsToByteAt0Or1(const GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyInput,
    7339             :                                       GByte *CPL_RESTRICT pabyOutput,
    7340             :                                       size_t nInputBits)
    7341             : {
    7342        7033 :     const size_t nInputWholeBytes = nInputBits / 8;
    7343        7033 :     size_t iByte = 0;
    7344      143146 :     for (; iByte < nInputWholeBytes; ++iByte)
    7345             :     {
    7346      136113 :         ExpandEightPackedBitsToByteAt1(pabyInput[iByte], pabyOutput);
    7347      136113 :         pabyOutput += 8;
    7348             :     }
    7349       18886 :     for (int iBit = 0; iBit < static_cast<int>(nInputBits % 8); ++iBit)
    7350             :     {
    7351       11853 :         *pabyOutput = (pabyInput[iByte] >> (7 - iBit)) & 0x1;
    7352       11853 :         ++pabyOutput;
    7353             :     }
    7354        7033 : }

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