LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - port - cpl_string.h (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: gdal_filtered.info Lines: 109 117 93.2 %
Date: 2026-09-30 13:58:12 Functions: 48 50 96.0 %

          Line data    Source code
       1             : /**********************************************************************
       2             :  *
       3             :  * Name:     cpl_string.h
       4             :  * Project:  CPL - Common Portability Library
       5             :  * Purpose:  String and StringList functions.
       6             :  * Author:   Daniel Morissette, dmorissette@mapgears.com
       7             :  *
       8             :  **********************************************************************
       9             :  * Copyright (c) 1998, Daniel Morissette
      10             :  * Copyright (c) 2008-2014, Even Rouault <even dot rouault at spatialys.com>
      11             :  *
      12             :  * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      13             :  ****************************************************************************/
      14             : 
      15             : #ifndef CPL_STRING_H_INCLUDED
      16             : #define CPL_STRING_H_INCLUDED
      17             : 
      18             : #include "cpl_error.h"
      19             : #include "cpl_conv.h"
      20             : #include "cpl_vsi.h"
      21             : 
      22             : #include <stdbool.h>
      23             : 
      24             : /**
      25             :  * \file cpl_string.h
      26             :  *
      27             :  * Various convenience functions for working with strings and string lists.
      28             :  *
      29             :  * A StringList is just an array of strings with the last pointer being
      30             :  * NULL.  An empty StringList may be either a NULL pointer, or a pointer to
      31             :  * a pointer memory location with a NULL value.
      32             :  *
      33             :  * A common convention for StringLists is to use them to store name/value
      34             :  * lists.  In this case the contents are treated like a dictionary of
      35             :  * name/value pairs.  The actual data is formatted with each string having
      36             :  * the format "<name>:<value>" (though "=" is also an acceptable separator).
      37             :  * A number of the functions in the file operate on name/value style
      38             :  * string lists (such as CSLSetNameValue(), and CSLFetchNameValue()).
      39             :  *
      40             :  * To some extent the CPLStringList C++ class can be used to abstract
      41             :  * managing string lists a bit but still be able to return them from C
      42             :  * functions.
      43             :  *
      44             :  */
      45             : 
      46             : CPL_C_START
      47             : 
      48             : char CPL_DLL **CSLAddString(char **papszStrList,
      49             :                             const char *pszNewString) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
      50             : char CPL_DLL **
      51             : CSLAddStringMayFail(char **papszStrList,
      52             :                     const char *pszNewString) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
      53             : int CPL_DLL CSLCount(CSLConstList papszStrList);
      54             : const char CPL_DLL *CSLGetField(CSLConstList, int);
      55             : void CPL_DLL CPL_STDCALL CSLDestroy(char **papszStrList);
      56             : char CPL_DLL **CSLDuplicate(CSLConstList papszStrList) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
      57             : char CPL_DLL **CSLMerge(char **papszOrig,
      58             :                         CSLConstList papszOverride) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
      59             : 
      60             : char CPL_DLL **CSLTokenizeString(const char *pszString) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
      61             : char CPL_DLL **
      62             : CSLTokenizeStringComplex(const char *pszString, const char *pszDelimiter,
      63             :                          int bHonourStrings,
      64             :                          int bAllowEmptyTokens) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
      65             : char CPL_DLL **CSLTokenizeString2(const char *pszString,
      66             :                                   const char *pszDelimiter,
      67             :                                   int nCSLTFlags) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
      68             : 
      69             : /** Flag for CSLTokenizeString2() to honour strings delimited by double quotes */
      70             : #define CSLT_HONOURSTRINGS 0x0001
      71             : /** Flag for CSLTokenizeString2() to allow empty tokens */
      72             : #define CSLT_ALLOWEMPTYTOKENS 0x0002
      73             : /** Flag for CSLTokenizeString2() to preserve quotes */
      74             : #define CSLT_PRESERVEQUOTES 0x0004
      75             : /** Flag for CSLTokenizeString2() to preserve escape characters */
      76             : #define CSLT_PRESERVEESCAPES 0x0008
      77             : /** Flag for CSLTokenizeString2() to strip leading spaces */
      78             : #define CSLT_STRIPLEADSPACES 0x0010
      79             : /** Flag for CSLTokenizeString2() to strip trailing spaces */
      80             : #define CSLT_STRIPENDSPACES 0x0020
      81             : /** Flag for CSLTokenizeString2() to honour strings delimited by single quotes (GDAL >= 3.14) */
      82             : #define CSLT_HONOURSINGLEQUOTES 0x0040
      83             : 
      84             : int CPL_DLL CSLPrint(CSLConstList papszStrList, FILE *fpOut);
      85             : char CPL_DLL **CSLLoad(const char *pszFname) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
      86             : char CPL_DLL **CSLLoad2(const char *pszFname, int nMaxLines, int nMaxCols,
      87             :                         CSLConstList papszOptions) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
      88             : int CPL_DLL CSLSave(CSLConstList papszStrList, const char *pszFname);
      89             : 
      90             : char CPL_DLL **
      91             : CSLInsertStrings(char **papszStrList, int nInsertAtLineNo,
      92             :                  CSLConstList papszNewLines) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
      93             : char CPL_DLL **CSLInsertString(char **papszStrList, int nInsertAtLineNo,
      94             :                                const char *pszNewLine) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
      95             : char CPL_DLL **
      96             : CSLRemoveStrings(char **papszStrList, int nFirstLineToDelete, int nNumToRemove,
      97             :                  char ***ppapszRetStrings) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
      98             : int CPL_DLL CSLFindString(CSLConstList papszList, const char *pszTarget);
      99             : int CPL_DLL CSLFindStringCaseSensitive(CSLConstList papszList,
     100             :                                        const char *pszTarget);
     101             : int CPL_DLL CSLPartialFindString(CSLConstList papszHaystack,
     102             :                                  const char *pszNeedle);
     103             : int CPL_DLL CSLFindName(CSLConstList papszStrList, const char *pszName);
     104             : int CPL_DLL CSLFetchBoolean(CSLConstList papszStrList, const char *pszKey,
     105             :                             int bDefault);
     106             : 
     107             : /* TODO: Deprecate CSLTestBoolean.  Remove in GDAL 3.x. */
     108             : int CPL_DLL CSLTestBoolean(const char *pszValue);
     109             : /* Do not use CPLTestBoolean in C++ code.  Use CPLTestBool. */
     110             : int CPL_DLL CPLTestBoolean(const char *pszValue);
     111             : 
     112             : bool CPL_DLL CPLTestBool(const char *pszValue);
     113             : bool CPL_DLL CPLFetchBool(CSLConstList papszStrList, const char *pszKey,
     114             :                           bool bDefault);
     115             : bool CPLTestConfigOption(const char *pszValue);
     116             : #ifdef __cplusplus
     117             : CPL_C_END
     118             : 
     119             : /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     120           0 : inline bool CPLFetchBool(CSLConstList papszStrList, const char *pszKey,
     121             :                          int bDefault)
     122             : {
     123           0 :     return CPLFetchBool(papszStrList, pszKey, bDefault != 0);
     124             : }
     125             : 
     126             : bool CPLFetchBool(CSLConstList papszStrList, const char *pszKey,
     127             :                   const char *) = delete;
     128             : 
     129             : /*! @endcond */
     130             : CPL_C_START
     131             : #endif
     132             : CPLErr CPL_DLL CPLParseMemorySize(const char *pszValue, GIntBig *pnValue,
     133             :                                   bool *pbUnitSpecified);
     134             : 
     135             : const char CPL_DLL *CPLParseNameValue(const char *pszNameValue, char **ppszKey);
     136             : const char CPL_DLL *CPLParseNameValueSep(const char *pszNameValue,
     137             :                                          char **ppszKey, char chSep);
     138             : 
     139             : const char CPL_DLL *CSLFetchNameValue(CSLConstList papszStrList,
     140             :                                       const char *pszName);
     141             : const char CPL_DLL *CSLFetchNameValueDef(CSLConstList papszStrList,
     142             :                                          const char *pszName,
     143             :                                          const char *pszDefault);
     144             : char CPL_DLL **CSLFetchNameValueMultiple(CSLConstList papszStrList,
     145             :                                          const char *pszName);
     146             : char CPL_DLL **CSLAddNameValue(char **papszStrList, const char *pszName,
     147             :                                const char *pszValue) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     148             : char CPL_DLL **CSLSetNameValue(char **papszStrList, const char *pszName,
     149             :                                const char *pszValue) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     150             : void CPL_DLL CSLSetNameValueSeparator(char **papszStrList,
     151             :                                       const char *pszSeparator);
     152             : 
     153             : char CPL_DLL **CSLParseCommandLine(const char *pszCommandLine);
     154             : 
     155             : /** Scheme for CPLEscapeString()/CPLUnescapeString() for backlash quoting */
     156             : #define CPLES_BackslashQuotable 0
     157             : /** Scheme for CPLEscapeString()/CPLUnescapeString() for XML */
     158             : #define CPLES_XML 1
     159             : /** Scheme for CPLEscapeString()/CPLUnescapeString() for URL */
     160             : #define CPLES_URL 2
     161             : /** Scheme for CPLEscapeString()/CPLUnescapeString() for SQL */
     162             : #define CPLES_SQL 3
     163             : /** Scheme for CPLEscapeString()/CPLUnescapeString() for CSV */
     164             : #define CPLES_CSV 4
     165             : /** Scheme for CPLEscapeString()/CPLUnescapeString() for XML (preserves quotes)
     166             :  */
     167             : #define CPLES_XML_BUT_QUOTES 5
     168             : /** Scheme for CPLEscapeString()/CPLUnescapeString() for CSV (forced quoting) */
     169             : #define CPLES_CSV_FORCE_QUOTING 6
     170             : /** Scheme for CPLEscapeString()/CPLUnescapeString() for SQL identifiers */
     171             : #define CPLES_SQLI 7
     172             : 
     173             : char CPL_DLL *CPLEscapeString(const char *pszString, int nLength,
     174             :                               int nScheme) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     175             : char CPL_DLL *CPLUnescapeString(const char *pszString, int *pnLength,
     176             :                                 int nScheme) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     177             : 
     178             : char CPL_DLL *CPLBinaryToHex(int nBytes,
     179             :                              const GByte *pabyData) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     180             : GByte CPL_DLL *CPLHexToBinary(const char *pszHex,
     181             :                               int *pnBytes) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     182             : 
     183             : char CPL_DLL *CPLBase64Encode(int nBytes,
     184             :                               const GByte *pabyData) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     185             : int CPL_DLL CPLBase64DecodeInPlace(GByte *pszBase64) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     186             : 
     187             : /** Type of value */
     188             : typedef enum
     189             : {
     190             :     CPL_VALUE_STRING, /**< String */
     191             :     CPL_VALUE_REAL,   /**< Real number */
     192             :     CPL_VALUE_INTEGER /**< Integer */
     193             : } CPLValueType;
     194             : 
     195             : CPLValueType CPL_DLL CPLGetValueType(const char *pszValue);
     196             : 
     197             : int CPL_DLL CPLToupper(int c);
     198             : int CPL_DLL CPLTolower(int c);
     199             : 
     200             : size_t CPL_DLL CPLStrlcpy(char *pszDest, const char *pszSrc, size_t nDestSize);
     201             : size_t CPL_DLL CPLStrlcat(char *pszDest, const char *pszSrc, size_t nDestSize);
     202             : size_t CPL_DLL CPLStrnlen(const char *pszStr, size_t nMaxLen);
     203             : 
     204             : /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
     205             : /*      Locale independent formatting functions.                        */
     206             : /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
     207             : int CPL_DLL CPLvsnprintf(char *str, size_t size,
     208             :                          CPL_FORMAT_STRING(const char *fmt), va_list args)
     209             :     CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(3, 0);
     210             : 
     211             : /* ALIAS_CPLSNPRINTF_AS_SNPRINTF might be defined to enable GCC 7 */
     212             : /* -Wformat-truncation= warnings, but shouldn't be set for normal use */
     213             : #if defined(ALIAS_CPLSNPRINTF_AS_SNPRINTF)
     214             : #define CPLsnprintf snprintf
     215             : #else
     216             : int CPL_DLL CPLsnprintf(char *str, size_t size,
     217             :                         CPL_FORMAT_STRING(const char *fmt), ...)
     218             :     CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(3, 4);
     219             : #endif
     220             : 
     221             : /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     222             : #if defined(GDAL_COMPILATION) && !defined(DONT_DEPRECATE_SPRINTF)
     223             : int CPL_DLL CPLsprintf(char *str, CPL_FORMAT_STRING(const char *fmt), ...)
     224             :     CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(2, 3) CPL_WARN_DEPRECATED("Use CPLsnprintf instead");
     225             : #else
     226             : int CPL_DLL CPLsprintf(char *str, CPL_FORMAT_STRING(const char *fmt), ...)
     227             :     CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(2, 3);
     228             : #endif
     229             : /*! @endcond */
     230             : int CPL_DLL CPLprintf(CPL_FORMAT_STRING(const char *fmt), ...)
     231             :     CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(1, 2);
     232             : 
     233             : /* For some reason Doxygen_Suppress is needed to avoid warning. Not sure why */
     234             : /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     235             : /* caution: only works with limited number of formats */
     236             : int CPL_DLL CPLsscanf(const char *str, CPL_SCANF_FORMAT_STRING(const char *fmt),
     237             :                       ...) CPL_SCAN_FUNC_FORMAT(2, 3);
     238             : /*! @endcond */
     239             : 
     240             : const char CPL_DLL *CPLSPrintf(CPL_FORMAT_STRING(const char *fmt), ...)
     241             :     CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(1, 2) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     242             : char CPL_DLL **CSLAppendPrintf(char **papszStrList,
     243             :                                CPL_FORMAT_STRING(const char *fmt), ...)
     244             :     CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(2, 3) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     245             : int CPL_DLL CPLVASPrintf(char **buf, CPL_FORMAT_STRING(const char *fmt),
     246             :                          va_list args) CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(2, 0);
     247             : 
     248             : /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
     249             : /*      RFC 23 character set conversion/recoding API (cpl_recode.cpp).  */
     250             : /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
     251             : /** Encoding of the current locale */
     252             : #define CPL_ENC_LOCALE ""
     253             : /** UTF-8 encoding */
     254             : #define CPL_ENC_UTF8 "UTF-8"
     255             : /** UTF-16 encoding */
     256             : #define CPL_ENC_UTF16 "UTF-16"
     257             : /** UCS-2 encoding */
     258             : #define CPL_ENC_UCS2 "UCS-2"
     259             : /** UCS-4 encoding */
     260             : #define CPL_ENC_UCS4 "UCS-4"
     261             : /** ASCII encoding */
     262             : #define CPL_ENC_ASCII "ASCII"
     263             : /** ISO-8859-1 (LATIN1) encoding */
     264             : #define CPL_ENC_ISO8859_1 "ISO-8859-1"
     265             : 
     266             : int CPL_DLL CPLEncodingCharSize(const char *pszEncoding);
     267             : /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     268             : void CPL_DLL CPLClearRecodeWarningFlags(void);
     269             : /*! @endcond */
     270             : char CPL_DLL *CPLRecode(const char *pszSource, const char *pszSrcEncoding,
     271             :                         const char *pszDstEncoding)
     272             :     CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT CPL_RETURNS_NONNULL;
     273             : char CPL_DLL *
     274             : CPLRecodeFromWChar(const wchar_t *pwszSource, const char *pszSrcEncoding,
     275             :                    const char *pszDstEncoding) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     276             : wchar_t CPL_DLL *
     277             : CPLRecodeToWChar(const char *pszSource, const char *pszSrcEncoding,
     278             :                  const char *pszDstEncoding) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     279             : int CPL_DLL CPLIsUTF8(const char *pabyData, int nLen);
     280             : bool CPL_DLL CPLIsASCII(const char *pabyData, size_t nLen);
     281             : char CPL_DLL *CPLForceToASCII(const char *pabyData, int nLen,
     282             :                               char chReplacementChar) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     283             : char CPL_DLL *CPLUTF8ForceToASCII(const char *pszStr, char chReplacementChar)
     284             :     CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     285             : int CPL_DLL CPLStrlenUTF8(const char *pszUTF8Str)
     286             :     /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     287             :     CPL_WARN_DEPRECATED("Use CPLStrlenUTF8Ex() instead")
     288             :     /*! @endcond */
     289             :     ;
     290             : size_t CPL_DLL CPLStrlenUTF8Ex(const char *pszUTF8Str);
     291             : int CPL_DLL CPLCanRecode(const char *pszTestStr, const char *pszSrcEncoding,
     292             :                          const char *pszDstEncoding) CPL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
     293             : CPL_C_END
     294             : 
     295             : #if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CPL_SUPRESS_CPLUSPLUS)
     296             : 
     297             : extern "C++"
     298             : {
     299             :     std::string CPL_DLL CPLRemoveSQLComments(const std::string &osInput);
     300             : }
     301             : 
     302             : #endif
     303             : 
     304             : /************************************************************************/
     305             : /*                              CPLString                               */
     306             : /************************************************************************/
     307             : 
     308             : #if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CPL_SUPRESS_CPLUSPLUS)
     309             : 
     310             : extern "C++"
     311             : {
     312             : #ifndef DOXYGEN_SKIP
     313             : #include <string>
     314             : #include <vector>
     315             : #if __cplusplus >= 201703L || (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG >= 201703L)
     316             : #define HAVE_STRING_VIEW
     317             : #include <string_view>
     318             : #endif
     319             : #endif
     320             : 
     321             : // VC++ implicitly applies __declspec(dllexport) to template base classes
     322             : // of classes marked with __declspec(dllexport).
     323             : // Hence, if marked with CPL_DLL, VC++ would export symbols for the
     324             : // specialization of std::basic_string<char>, since it is a base class of
     325             : // CPLString. As a result, if an application linked both gdal.dll and a static
     326             : // library that (implicitly) instantiates std::string (almost all do!), then the
     327             : // linker would emit an error concerning duplicate symbols for std::string. The
     328             : // least intrusive solution is to not mark the whole class with
     329             : // __declspec(dllexport) for VC++, but only its non-inline methods.
     330             : #ifdef _MSC_VER
     331             : #define CPLSTRING_CLASS_DLL
     332             : #define CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPL_DLL
     333             : #else
     334             : /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     335             : #define CPLSTRING_CLASS_DLL CPL_DLL
     336             : #define CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL
     337             : /*! @endcond */
     338             : #endif
     339             : 
     340             :     //! Convenient string class based on std::string.
     341          28 :     class CPLSTRING_CLASS_DLL CPLString : public std::string
     342             :     {
     343             :       public:
     344             :         /** Constructor */
     345    18763670 :         CPLString(void)
     346    18763670 :         {
     347    18763542 :         }
     348             : 
     349             :         /** Constructor */
     350             :         // cppcheck-suppress noExplicitConstructor
     351     5200956 :         CPLString(const std::string &oStr) : std::string(oStr)
     352             :         {
     353     5200946 :         }
     354             : 
     355             :         /** Constructor */
     356             :         // cppcheck-suppress noExplicitConstructor
     357    10333231 :         CPLString(const char *pszStr) : std::string(pszStr)
     358             :         {
     359    10333231 :         }
     360             : 
     361             :         /** Constructor */
     362       71900 :         CPLString(const char *pszStr, size_t n) : std::string(pszStr, n)
     363             :         {
     364       71900 :         }
     365             : 
     366             :         /** Return string as zero terminated character array */
     367    25382860 :         operator const char *(void) const
     368             :         {
     369    25382860 :             return c_str();
     370             :         }
     371             : 
     372             :         /** Return character at specified index */
     373    60696232 :         char &operator[](std::string::size_type i)
     374             :         {
     375    60696232 :             return std::string::operator[](i);
     376             :         }
     377             : 
     378             :         /** Return character at specified index */
     379      279584 :         const char &operator[](std::string::size_type i) const
     380             :         {
     381      279584 :             return std::string::operator[](i);
     382             :         }
     383             : 
     384             :         /** Return character at specified index */
     385     2942845 :         char &operator[](int i)
     386             :         {
     387             :             return std::string::operator[](
     388     2942845 :                 static_cast<std::string::size_type>(i));
     389             :         }
     390             : 
     391             :         /** Return character at specified index */
     392       16907 :         const char &operator[](int i) const
     393             :         {
     394             :             return std::string::operator[](
     395       16907 :                 static_cast<std::string::size_type>(i));
     396             :         }
     397             : 
     398             :         /** Clear the string */
     399       24398 :         void Clear()
     400             :         {
     401       24398 :             resize(0);
     402       24398 :         }
     403             : 
     404             :         /** Assign specified string and take ownership of it (assumed to be
     405             :          * allocated with CPLMalloc()). NULL can be safely passed to clear the
     406             :          * string. */
     407           0 :         void Seize(char *pszValue)
     408             :         {
     409           0 :             if (pszValue == nullptr)
     410           0 :                 Clear();
     411             :             else
     412             :             {
     413           0 :                 *this = pszValue;
     414           0 :                 CPLFree(pszValue);
     415             :             }
     416           0 :         }
     417             : 
     418             :         /* There seems to be a bug in the way the compiler count indices...
     419             :          * Should be CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT (1, 2) */
     420             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString &
     421             :         Printf(CPL_FORMAT_STRING(const char *pszFormat), ...)
     422             :             CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(2, 3);
     423             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString &
     424             :         vPrintf(CPL_FORMAT_STRING(const char *pszFormat), va_list args)
     425             :             CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(2, 0);
     426             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString &
     427             :         FormatC(double dfValue, const char *pszFormat = nullptr);
     428             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString &Trim();
     429             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString &Recode(const char *pszSrcEncoding,
     430             :                                                const char *pszDstEncoding);
     431             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString &replaceAll(const std::string &osBefore,
     432             :                                                    const std::string &osAfter);
     433             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString &replaceAll(const std::string &osBefore,
     434             :                                                    char chAfter);
     435             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString &replaceAll(char chBefore,
     436             :                                                    const std::string &osAfter);
     437             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString &replaceAll(char chBefore, char chAfter);
     438             : 
     439             :         /* case insensitive find alternates */
     440             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL size_t ifind(const std::string &str,
     441             :                                           size_t pos = 0) const;
     442             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL size_t ifind(const char *s, size_t pos = 0) const;
     443             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString &toupper(void);
     444             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString &tolower(void);
     445             : 
     446             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL bool endsWith(const std::string &osStr) const;
     447             : 
     448             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString URLEncode() const;
     449             : 
     450             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString SQLQuotedIdentifier() const;
     451             : 
     452             :         CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL CPLString SQLQuotedLiteral() const;
     453             : 
     454             :       private:
     455             :         operator void *(void) = delete;
     456             :     };
     457             : 
     458             : #undef CPLSTRING_CLASS_DLL
     459             : #undef CPLSTRING_METHOD_DLL
     460             : 
     461             :     CPLString CPL_DLL CPLOPrintf(CPL_FORMAT_STRING(const char *pszFormat), ...)
     462             :         CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(1, 2);
     463             :     CPLString CPL_DLL CPLOvPrintf(CPL_FORMAT_STRING(const char *pszFormat),
     464             :                                   va_list args) CPL_PRINT_FUNC_FORMAT(1, 0);
     465             :     CPLString CPL_DLL CPLQuotedSQLIdentifier(const char *pszIdent);
     466             : 
     467             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
     468             :     /*      URL processing functions, here since they depend on CPLString.  */
     469             :     /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
     470             :     CPLString CPL_DLL CPLURLGetValue(const char *pszURL, const char *pszKey);
     471             :     CPLString CPL_DLL CPLURLAddKVP(const char *pszURL, const char *pszKey,
     472             :                                    const char *pszValue);
     473             : 
     474             :     /************************************************************************/
     475             :     /*                            CPLStringList                             */
     476             :     /************************************************************************/
     477             : 
     478             :     //! String list class designed around our use of C "char**" string lists.
     479    14767900 :     class CPL_DLL CPLStringList
     480             :     {
     481             :         char **papszList = nullptr;
     482             :         mutable int nCount = 0;
     483             :         mutable int nAllocation = 0;
     484             :         bool bOwnList = false;
     485             :         bool bIsSorted = false;
     486             : 
     487             :         bool MakeOurOwnCopy();
     488             :         bool EnsureAllocation(int nMaxLength);
     489             :         int FindSortedInsertionPoint(const char *pszLine);
     490             : 
     491             :       public:
     492             :         CPLStringList();
     493             :         explicit CPLStringList(char **papszList, int bTakeOwnership = TRUE);
     494             :         explicit CPLStringList(CSLConstList papszList);
     495             :         explicit CPLStringList(const std::vector<std::string> &aosList);
     496             :         explicit CPLStringList(std::initializer_list<const char *> oInitList);
     497             :         CPLStringList(const CPLStringList &oOther);
     498             :         CPLStringList(CPLStringList &&oOther);
     499             :         ~CPLStringList();
     500             : 
     501             :         static const CPLStringList BoundToConstList(CSLConstList papszList);
     502             : 
     503             :         CPLStringList &Clear();
     504             : 
     505             :         /** Clear the list */
     506           2 :         inline void clear()
     507             :         {
     508           2 :             Clear();
     509           2 :         }
     510             : 
     511             :         /** Return size of list */
     512     1796469 :         int size() const
     513             :         {
     514     1796469 :             return Count();
     515             :         }
     516             : 
     517             :         int Count() const;
     518             : 
     519             :         /** Return whether the list is empty. */
     520       56236 :         bool empty() const
     521             :         {
     522       56236 :             return Count() == 0;
     523             :         }
     524             : 
     525             :         CPLStringList &AddString(const char *pszNewString);
     526             :         CPLStringList &AddString(const std::string &newString);
     527             : #if defined(DOXYGEN_SKIP) || defined(HAVE_STRING_VIEW)
     528             :         CPLStringList &AddString(std::string_view newString);
     529             : #endif
     530             :         CPLStringList &AddString(double adfNumber);
     531             :         CPLStringList &AddStringDirectly(char *pszNewString);
     532             : 
     533             :         /** Add a string to the list */
     534        5479 :         void push_back(const char *pszNewString)
     535             :         {
     536        5479 :             AddString(pszNewString);
     537        5479 :         }
     538             : 
     539             :         /** Add a string to the list */
     540        1740 :         void push_back(const std::string &osStr)
     541             :         {
     542        1740 :             AddString(osStr.c_str());
     543        1740 :         }
     544             : 
     545             : #if defined(DOXYGEN_SKIP) || defined(HAVE_STRING_VIEW)
     546             :         void push_back(std::string_view svStr);
     547             : #endif
     548             : 
     549         396 :         CPLStringList &InsertString(int nInsertAtLineNo, const char *pszNewLine)
     550             :         {
     551         396 :             return InsertStringDirectly(nInsertAtLineNo, CPLStrdup(pszNewLine));
     552             :         }
     553             : 
     554             :         CPLStringList &InsertStringDirectly(int nInsertAtLineNo,
     555             :                                             char *pszNewLine);
     556             : 
     557             :         // CPLStringList &InsertStrings( int nInsertAtLineNo, char
     558             :         // **papszNewLines );
     559             : 
     560             :         CPLStringList &RemoveStrings(int nFirstLineToDelete,
     561             :                                      int nNumToRemove = 1);
     562             : 
     563             :         /** Return index of pszTarget in the list, or -1 */
     564       17968 :         int FindString(const char *pszTarget) const
     565             :         {
     566       17968 :             return CSLFindString(papszList, pszTarget);
     567             :         }
     568             : 
     569             :         /** Return index of pszTarget in the list (using partial search), or -1
     570             :          */
     571          33 :         int PartialFindString(const char *pszNeedle) const
     572             :         {
     573          33 :             return CSLPartialFindString(papszList, pszNeedle);
     574             :         }
     575             : 
     576             :         int FindName(const char *pszName) const;
     577             :         bool FetchBool(const char *pszKey, bool bDefault) const;
     578             :         // Deprecated.
     579             :         int FetchBoolean(const char *pszKey, int bDefault) const;
     580             :         const char *FetchNameValue(const char *pszKey) const;
     581             :         const char *FetchNameValueDef(const char *pszKey,
     582             :                                       const char *pszDefault) const;
     583             :         CPLStringList &AddNameValue(const char *pszKey, const char *pszValue);
     584             :         CPLStringList &SetNameValue(const char *pszKey, const char *pszValue);
     585             : 
     586             :         CPLStringList &SetString(int pos, const char *pszString);
     587             :         CPLStringList &SetString(int pos, const std::string &osString);
     588             :         CPLStringList &SetStringDirectly(int pos, char *pszString);
     589             : 
     590             :         CPLStringList &Assign(char **papszListIn, int bTakeOwnership = TRUE);
     591             : 
     592             :         /** Assignment operator */
     593      337822 :         CPLStringList &operator=(char **papszListIn)
     594             :         {
     595      337822 :             return Assign(papszListIn, TRUE);
     596             :         }
     597             : 
     598             :         /** Assignment operator */
     599             :         CPLStringList &operator=(const CPLStringList &oOther);
     600             :         /** Assignment operator */
     601             :         CPLStringList &operator=(CSLConstList papszListIn);
     602             :         /** Move assignment operator */
     603             :         CPLStringList &operator=(CPLStringList &&oOther);
     604             : 
     605             :         /** Return string at specified index */
     606             :         char *operator[](int i);
     607             : 
     608             :         /** Return string at specified index */
     609        2460 :         char *operator[](size_t i)
     610             :         {
     611        2460 :             return (*this)[static_cast<int>(i)];
     612             :         }
     613             : 
     614             :         /** Return string at specified index */
     615             :         const char *operator[](int i) const;
     616             : 
     617             :         /** Return string at specified index */
     618        2008 :         const char *operator[](size_t i) const
     619             :         {
     620        2008 :             return (*this)[static_cast<int>(i)];
     621             :         }
     622             : 
     623             :         /** Return value corresponding to pszKey, or nullptr */
     624        4493 :         const char *operator[](const char *pszKey) const
     625             :         {
     626        4493 :             return FetchNameValue(pszKey);
     627             :         }
     628             : 
     629             :         /** Return first element */
     630             :         inline const char *front() const
     631             :         {
     632             :             return papszList[0];
     633             :         }
     634             : 
     635             :         /** Return last element */
     636      737258 :         inline const char *back() const
     637             :         {
     638      737258 :             return papszList[size() - 1];
     639             :         }
     640             : 
     641             :         /** begin() implementation */
     642       18317 :         const char *const *begin() const
     643             :         {
     644       18317 :             return papszList ? &papszList[0] : nullptr;
     645             :         }
     646             : 
     647             :         /** end() implementation */
     648       18317 :         const char *const *end() const
     649             :         {
     650       18317 :             return papszList ? &papszList[size()] : nullptr;
     651             :         }
     652             : 
     653             :         /** Return list. Ownership remains to the object */
     654     3415330 :         char **List()
     655             :         {
     656     3415330 :             return papszList;
     657             :         }
     658             : 
     659             :         /** Return list. Ownership remains to the object */
     660     2399298 :         CSLConstList List() const
     661             :         {
     662     2399298 :             return papszList;
     663             :         }
     664             : 
     665             :         char **StealList();
     666             : 
     667             :         CPLStringList &Sort();
     668             : 
     669             :         /** Returns whether the list is sorted */
     670    23425222 :         int IsSorted() const
     671             :         {
     672    23425222 :             return bIsSorted;
     673             :         }
     674             : 
     675             :         /** Return lists */
     676       69182 :         operator char **(void)
     677             :         {
     678       69182 :             return List();
     679             :         }
     680             : 
     681             :         /** Return lists */
     682        3141 :         operator CSLConstList(void) const
     683             :         {
     684        3141 :             return List();
     685             :         }
     686             : 
     687             :         /** Return the list as a vector of strings */
     688        2462 :         operator std::vector<std::string>(void) const
     689             :         {
     690        2462 :             return std::vector<std::string>{begin(), end()};
     691             :         }
     692             : 
     693             :       private:
     694             :         operator void *(void) = delete;
     695             :     };
     696             : 
     697             : #ifdef GDAL_COMPILATION
     698             : 
     699             : #include <iterator>  // For std::input_iterator_tag
     700             : #include <memory>
     701             : #include <string_view>
     702             : #include <utility>  // For std::pair
     703             : 
     704             :     /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     705             :     struct CPL_DLL CSLDestroyReleaser
     706             :     {
     707             :         void operator()(char **papszStr) const
     708             :         {
     709             :             CSLDestroy(papszStr);
     710             :         }
     711             :     };
     712             : 
     713             :     /*! @endcond */
     714             : 
     715             :     /** Unique pointer type to use with CSL functions returning a char** */
     716             :     using CSLUniquePtr = std::unique_ptr<char *, CSLDestroyReleaser>;
     717             : 
     718             :     /** Unique pointer type to use with functions returning a char* to release
     719             :      * with VSIFree */
     720             :     using CPLCharUniquePtr = std::unique_ptr<char, VSIFreeReleaser>;
     721             : 
     722             :     namespace cpl
     723             :     {
     724             : 
     725             :     /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     726             : 
     727             : #if defined(DOXYGEN_SKIP) || defined(HAVE_STRING_VIEW)
     728             :     bool CPL_DLL starts_with(std::string_view str, std::string_view prefix);
     729             :     bool CPL_DLL starts_with_ci(std::string_view str, std::string_view prefix);
     730             : 
     731             :     bool CPL_DLL ends_with(std::string_view str, std::string_view suffix);
     732             :     bool CPL_DLL ends_with_ci(std::string_view str, std::string_view suffix);
     733             : 
     734             :     bool CPL_DLL equals(std::string_view str1, std::string_view str2);
     735             :     bool CPL_DLL equals_ci(std::string_view str1, std::string_view str2);
     736             : 
     737             :     std::string_view CPL_DLL trim(std::string_view str);
     738             :     std::string_view CPL_DLL rtrim(std::string_view str);
     739             :     std::string_view CPL_DLL ltrim(std::string_view str);
     740             : 
     741             :     std::string_view CPL_DLL trim(const char *str);
     742             :     std::string_view CPL_DLL rtrim(const char *str);
     743             :     std::string_view CPL_DLL ltrim(const char *str);
     744             : 
     745             :     std::string_view trim(std::string &&) = delete;
     746             :     std::string_view rtrim(std::string &&) = delete;
     747             :     std::string_view ltrim(std::string &&) = delete;
     748             : 
     749             :     std::pair<std::string_view, std::string_view>
     750             :         CPL_DLL parse_name_value(std::string_view svNameValue);
     751             : 
     752             :     std::pair<std::string_view, std::string_view>
     753             :         CPL_DLL parse_name_value(const char *svNameValue);
     754             : 
     755             :     std::pair<std::string_view, std::string_view>
     756             :     parse_name_value(std::string &&) = delete;
     757             : 
     758             :     CPLStringList tokenize_string(std::string_view str,
     759             :                                   std::string_view delimiters, int nCSLTFlags);
     760             : #endif
     761             : 
     762             :     /** Iterator for a CSLConstList */
     763             :     struct CPL_DLL CSLIterator
     764             :     {
     765             :         using iterator_category = std::input_iterator_tag;
     766             :         using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
     767             :         using value_type = const char *;
     768             :         using pointer = value_type *;
     769             :         using reference = value_type &;
     770             : 
     771             :         CSLConstList m_papszList = nullptr;
     772             :         bool m_bAtEnd = false;
     773             : 
     774    18948352 :         inline const char *operator*() const
     775             :         {
     776    18948352 :             return *m_papszList;
     777             :         }
     778             : 
     779    18939981 :         inline CSLIterator &operator++()
     780             :         {
     781    18939981 :             if (m_papszList)
     782    18939981 :                 ++m_papszList;
     783    18939981 :             return *this;
     784             :         }
     785             : 
     786             :         bool operator==(const CSLIterator &other) const;
     787             : 
     788    22935078 :         inline bool operator!=(const CSLIterator &other) const
     789             :         {
     790    22935078 :             return !(operator==(other));
     791             :         }
     792             :     };
     793             : 
     794             :     /*! @endcond */
     795             : 
     796             :     /** Wrapper for a CSLConstList that can be used with C++ iterators.
     797             :      *
     798             :      * @since GDAL 3.9
     799             :      */
     800             :     struct CPL_DLL CSLIteratorWrapper
     801             :     {
     802             :       public:
     803             :         /** Constructor */
     804     3995098 :         inline explicit CSLIteratorWrapper(CSLConstList papszList)
     805     3995098 :             : m_papszList(papszList)
     806             :         {
     807     3995098 :         }
     808             : 
     809             :         /** Get the begin of the list */
     810     3995098 :         inline CSLIterator begin() const
     811             :         {
     812     3995098 :             return {m_papszList, false};
     813             :         }
     814             : 
     815             :         /** Get the end of the list */
     816     3995098 :         inline CSLIterator end() const
     817             :         {
     818     3995098 :             return {m_papszList, true};
     819             :         }
     820             : 
     821             :       private:
     822             :         CSLConstList m_papszList;
     823             :     };
     824             : 
     825             :     /** Wraps a CSLConstList in a structure that can be used with C++ iterators.
     826             :      *
     827             :      * @since GDAL 3.9
     828             :      */
     829     3995098 :     inline CSLIteratorWrapper Iterate(CSLConstList papszList)
     830             :     {
     831     3995098 :         return CSLIteratorWrapper{papszList};
     832             :     }
     833             : 
     834             :     /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     835       24929 :     inline CSLIteratorWrapper Iterate(const CPLStringList &aosList)
     836             :     {
     837       24929 :         return Iterate(aosList.List());
     838             :     }
     839             : 
     840             :     /*! @endcond */
     841             : 
     842             :     /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     843             :     inline CSLIteratorWrapper Iterate(char **) = delete;
     844             : 
     845             :     /*! @endcond */
     846             : 
     847             :     /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     848             :     /** Iterator for a CSLConstList as (name, value) pairs. */
     849             :     struct CPL_DLL CSLNameValueIterator
     850             :     {
     851             :         using iterator_category = std::input_iterator_tag;
     852             :         using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
     853             :         using value_type = std::pair<const char *, const char *>;
     854             :         using pointer = value_type *;
     855             :         using reference = value_type &;
     856             : 
     857             :         CSLConstList m_papszList = nullptr;
     858             :         bool m_bReturnNullKeyIfNotNameValue = false;
     859             :         std::string m_osKey{};
     860             : 
     861             :         value_type operator*();
     862             : 
     863        8778 :         inline CSLNameValueIterator &operator++()
     864             :         {
     865        8778 :             if (m_papszList)
     866        8778 :                 ++m_papszList;
     867        8778 :             return *this;
     868             :         }
     869             : 
     870       22979 :         inline bool operator==(const CSLNameValueIterator &other) const
     871             :         {
     872       22979 :             return m_papszList == other.m_papszList;
     873             :         }
     874             : 
     875       22977 :         inline bool operator!=(const CSLNameValueIterator &other) const
     876             :         {
     877       22977 :             return !(operator==(other));
     878             :         }
     879             :     };
     880             : 
     881             :     /*! @endcond */
     882             : 
     883             :     /** Wrapper for a CSLConstList that can be used with C++ iterators
     884             :      * to get (name, value) pairs.
     885             :      *
     886             :      * This can for example be used to do the following:
     887             :      * for (const auto& [name, value]: cpl::IterateNameValue(papszList)) {}
     888             :      *
     889             :      * Note that a (name, value) pair returned by dereferencing an iterator
     890             :      * is invalidated by the next iteration on the iterator.
     891             :      *
     892             :      * @since GDAL 3.9
     893             :      */
     894             :     struct CPL_DLL CSLNameValueIteratorWrapper
     895             :     {
     896             :       public:
     897             :         /** Constructor */
     898       14201 :         inline explicit CSLNameValueIteratorWrapper(
     899             :             CSLConstList papszList, bool bReturnNullKeyIfNotNameValue)
     900       14201 :             : m_papszList(papszList),
     901       14201 :               m_bReturnNullKeyIfNotNameValue(bReturnNullKeyIfNotNameValue)
     902             :         {
     903       14201 :         }
     904             : 
     905             :         /** Get the begin of the list */
     906       14201 :         inline CSLNameValueIterator begin() const
     907             :         {
     908       14201 :             return {m_papszList, m_bReturnNullKeyIfNotNameValue};
     909             :         }
     910             : 
     911             :         /** Get the end of the list */
     912             :         CSLNameValueIterator end() const;
     913             : 
     914             :       private:
     915             :         CSLConstList m_papszList;
     916             :         const bool m_bReturnNullKeyIfNotNameValue;
     917             :     };
     918             : 
     919             :     /** Wraps a CSLConstList in a structure that can be used with C++ iterators
     920             :      * to get (name, value) pairs.
     921             :      *
     922             :      * This can for example be used to do the following:
     923             :      * for (const auto& [name, value]: cpl::IterateNameValue(papszList)) {}
     924             :      *
     925             :      * Note that a (name, value) pair returned by dereferencing an iterator
     926             :      * is invalidated by the next iteration on the iterator.
     927             :      *
     928             :      * @param papszList List to iterate over.
     929             :      * @param bReturnNullKeyIfNotNameValue When this is set to true, if a string
     930             :      * contained in the list is not of the form name=value, then the value of
     931             :      * the iterator will be (nullptr, string).
     932             :      *
     933             :      * @since GDAL 3.9
     934             :      */
     935             :     inline CSLNameValueIteratorWrapper
     936       14201 :     IterateNameValue(CSLConstList papszList,
     937             :                      bool bReturnNullKeyIfNotNameValue = false)
     938             :     {
     939       14201 :         return CSLNameValueIteratorWrapper{papszList,
     940       14201 :                                            bReturnNullKeyIfNotNameValue};
     941             :     }
     942             : 
     943             :     /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     944             :     inline CSLNameValueIteratorWrapper
     945        7987 :     IterateNameValue(const CPLStringList &aosList,
     946             :                      bool bReturnNullKeyIfNotNameValue = false)
     947             :     {
     948        7987 :         return IterateNameValue(aosList.List(), bReturnNullKeyIfNotNameValue);
     949             :     }
     950             : 
     951             :     /*! @endcond */
     952             : 
     953             :     /*! @cond Doxygen_Suppress */
     954             :     inline CSLIteratorWrapper IterateNameValue(char **, bool = false) = delete;
     955             : 
     956             :     /*! @endcond */
     957             : 
     958             :     /** Converts a CSLConstList to a std::vector<std::string> */
     959          98 :     inline std::vector<std::string> ToVector(CSLConstList papszList)
     960             :     {
     961         196 :         return CPLStringList::BoundToConstList(papszList);
     962             :     }
     963             : 
     964             :     inline std::vector<std::string> ToVector(char **) = delete;
     965             : 
     966             :     }  // namespace cpl
     967             : 
     968             : #endif
     969             : 
     970             : }  // extern "C++"
     971             : 
     972             : #ifdef HAVE_STRING_VIEW
     973             : #undef HAVE_STRING_VIEW
     974             : #endif
     975             : 
     976             : #endif /* def __cplusplus && !CPL_SUPRESS_CPLUSPLUS */
     977             : 
     978             : #endif /* CPL_STRING_H_INCLUDED */

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